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James Sumner 《History & Technology》2013,29(3):289-306
Porter, a dark style of beer that was the staple of London in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, is conventionally addressed as a discrete invention, suited to large‐scale production, whose appearance led rapidly to enclosure of the trade by a few industrial‐scale producers. This paper by contrast presents the capitalist industrialization of brewing as co‐extensive with, and reinforced by, the long‐term emergence of a consensus definition of porter; the invention story is a retrospective construct that telescopes a century or more of technical change. Balancing established economic accounts, I address the role of product identity as a rhetorical device. London’s greatest brewers were in part assisted in capturing smaller competitors’ trade by the enshrining of large‐scale production as a ‘secret ingredient’ in its own right, essential to the nature of the ‘true’ product. 相似文献
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河南巩义市老城砖厂唐墓发掘简报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2001年1月,郑州市文物考古研究所等对位于巩义市站街镇老城砖厂的2座唐墓进行了发掘。其中M2年代较早,器物组合完整,器形丰富,以三彩器为多,对于研究唐三彩有一定意义。 相似文献
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铜鐎斗的器形演变及用途考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鐎斗是汉至唐代墓葬中常见的器物。通过对铜鐎斗的综合研究,根据柄部的不同,可将这种器物分为四类,其器形变化清晰,地域分布明确,具有一定规律性。铜鐎斗兴起于汉代,盛行于六朝,至唐代趋于消亡。根据器形和分布范围的变化,以及出土器物的组合,并结合中国饮茶习俗的发展历程,推断铜鐎斗应为煮茶的器具。 相似文献
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