中国特色社会主义文化纲领的历史发展

从改革开放之初提出"两个文明"建设,到十五大正式提出"经济、政治、文化纲领",再到十六届四中全会发展为"物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明"四位一体,实质是中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的发展过程,是在这个总体布局中社会主义精神文明建设面临新任务、扮演新角色、承担新使命的过程,是中国特色社会主义文化纲领继往开来、不断丰富发展和完善的过程,反映了中国化马克思主义文化理论一脉相承、与时俱进的理论品质和实践品质。     

Qadhat—a comparative study of ancient and new lime mortar from the Marib province/Yemen

Qadhat is the name for a lime mortar in Southern Arabia. Its usage has a long tradition. This work describes physical and mineralogical properties of ancient, historical and new samples, which seem to have been produced the same way. XRD, thin sections and SEM analyses show the similarity of the material. It consists of aggregates of volcanic material that are rich in volcanic glass and lime as binder. The production process includes several hours of crushing the material, which produces fine-grained splinters of aggregates in the binder matrix and gives the mortar a high stability. A weathering test with sodium sulphate on different samples confirms that the stability of this mortar is the result of the production process.     

原金陵大学老校园建筑考

通过认真仔细地对国内资料的分析对比,以及对国外多方面资料的重新查找,梳理出了一个比较清晰的原金陵大学校园建设概况,并总结出一些近代史研究的经验,以期为今后的研究提供借鉴。     

The Governor's vale levu: Architecture and Hybridity at Nasova House, Levuka, Fiji Islands

As an integral component of colonial culture, colonial architecture provides a tangible expression of western presence and domination throughout various colonial settings. In tropical colonies, such as Fiji, western architecture was not simply transplanted, but became transformed through the conscious integration of western and nonwestern architectural elements and grammars. Thus hybrid colonial architecture played a significant role within the sociopolitical strategies of both colonizer and colonized elites. Nasova House, the main government building of the autonomous Cakobau polity (1873–74) and British colonial regime (1874–82), provides a unique example of the use of colonial hybrid architecture in late nineteenth century Fiji.     

墓与塔——宋墓中仿木建筑雕饰的来源

本文将晚唐至宋代墓葬中的仿木建筑雕饰与隋唐时期的地上建筑——仿木砖塔的装饰相联系,推断宋墓中流行的仿木建筑雕饰最早应是受到地上仿木砖塔建筑装饰的影响。     

Exploring Spatial Relationships between Material Culture and Language in the Upper Sepik and Central New Guinea

ABSTRACT New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse region in the world. Over 1,000 languages are found there. Unsurprisingly, controversy exists concerning the degree to which this diversity has been shaped by migration or interaction. At the centre of this controversy is the putative origin and migration path of Austronesian speakers. The advent of Lapita ceramic ware in Melanesia around 3,000 years ago is seen by some as important evidence for their arrival; nevertheless the validity of using Lapita as a marker for Austronesian populations remains in question. The Upper Sepik is one of New Guinea's most linguistically heterogeneous regions. Because it is not marked by far‐reaching exchange systems the region's language and material culture distributions provide potential for exploring such issues. This paper discusses these in the context of an analysis of important ethnographic collections from the region. It is shown that when material culture is assessed technologically and stylistically it is easier to determine an effect for important variables such as language and distance. Additionally, it is demonstrated that as men and women often have different levels of mobility and sociality, classes of material culture belonging to each may differentially reflect important socio‐historical processes.     

Material Culture and the Magical Power of Dance Objects

ABSTRACT This paper takes up the call by scholars such as Alfred Gell to consider objects of material culture as objects, by examining them in the context of production, circulation and reception. Because they are unadorned and without visual interest, langarol, the hand‐held artefacts used in some New Ireland dance performances, do not lend themselves to modes of analysis that see cultural objects as surrogate texts, the hidden meanings of which can be ‘read’. This very ‘lack’ enables us more readily to discern their significance, which lies in their magical potency and in the performance of their creator, the shaman, in attracting, wielding and revealing his awesome power. The power sought is less power over others and more power to — the ability to realise projects that can elicit effects. If consciousness and body are one, such achievements are to be understood as embodiments of intentionality and agency. It is through the production and wielding of such objects that people make themselves.     

Raw material quality and Oldowan hominin toolstone preferences: evidence from Kanjera South,Kenya

The role of raw material quality in Oldowan technology has not been fully explored. There are numerous studies suggesting Oldowan hominins preferred certain types of stone for artifact manufacture. Previous studies of the artifact assemblage from the early Pliocene Oldowan locality of Kanjera South (South Rachuonyo District, Kenya) show that raw material selection and transport was an important aspect of Late Pliocene hominin adaptations. Yet the exact properties of stones that hominins were selecting remain enigmatic. Two potentially important features of artifact raw material are durability and fracture predictability. We investigate fracture predictability through mechanical tests of stone and investigations of the affect of stone properties on fracture patterns in archaeological collections. We investigate stone durability with actualistic studies of edge attrition combined with further mechanical tests of various lithologies. Oldowan hominins at Kanjera appear to have selected raw materials based on their durability. The ability for a stone to fracture consistently does not appear to be as important in hominin toolstone preference as previously assumed. Hominins that produced the assemblages at Kanjera South appear to have incorporated an extensive understanding of various attributes of raw material in the transport and production of stone artifacts. When combined with previous research on the transport patterns at Kanjera, the results of this study provide evidence for a more complex raw material acquisition strategy than has previously been suggested for Late Pliocene Oldowan hominins.     

深圳大鹏所城将军府第建筑群体特征分析

深圳大鹏所城较完整的保存了清晚期及民国时期的不同建筑群体,其中将军府第建筑具有很高的历史文化、科学艺术等多方面的价值。其建筑形制、结构、装饰装修方面颇具特点:1.平面结合紧凑,类型丰富,组合较灵活,结合了中原地区四合院落殿堂式结构的组合特色,也反映了岭南山地建筑特点;2.多采用密集、方形的平面和空间布局;3.厅堂与天井结合紧密,室内外连通,形成了外封闭、内开敞的建筑空间;4.具有多样的建筑梁架结构,集中了北方建筑的抬梁式构架、南方的穿斗式及岭南建筑常见的梁架做法,表现了南北建筑文化的大融合;5.外观朴实又有岭南地方特色的精细灵巧的内部装修。