李雯为摄政王多尔衮捉刀致史可法书考论

李雯为清摄政王多尔衮捉刀致史可法之事,在清代朝野流传甚广,但迄今未能考实。本文博采明清史料及其同人文集之记载,又从李雯《蓼斋集》《蓼斋后集》入手,考察其代言写作之训练与降清之心态。综合内证与外证,确证《摄政王致史可法书》出自李雯之手。此文措辞简劲,理足神完,乃传世之名文。     

“Much in Blood and Money”: Necropolitical Ecology on the Margins of the Uganda Protectorate

Increasingly, political ecologists invoke the concept of “green grabbing” to refer to the ways in which processes of accumulation by dispossession articulate with various imperatives for environmental protection. This paper traces these contemporary processes to their roots in the colonial era, focusing on how dispossession in the name of environmental protection intersects with complex historical geographies of state formation and internal territorialisation. Drawing upon the case of Mount Elgon in Britain's Uganda Protectorate, in particular, we reconstruct the ways in which the interrelated “birth” of both conservation and transcontinental agrarian markets were intimately connected to the emergence and normalisation of the colonial state itself. In doing so, we propose the term necropolitical ecology as a framework to encompass the ways in which contemporary “green grabs” partially emerge from racialised modes of colonial appropriation, the violence of which often still lingers in agencies and institutions of environmental governance in the contemporary postcolony.     

Practical Knowledge in the Viking Age: the use of mental templates in clinker shipbuilding

It has long been recognized that ships built according to the Nordic clinker tradition during the Viking Age were conceived and constructed simultaneously by eye, in a shell‐first manner, and using rules‐of‐thumb to control both the longitudinal and transversal shape of the hull. While a lot of attention has been paid to the conceptual definition of the keel and stems, far less research has explored how such rules would have worked while planking the hull. Two cargo‐ships, Skuldelev 3 and Skuldelev 1, are used to argue for pre‐design and the use of mental templates. This highlights a cognitive dimension of practical knowledge, in particular how it was accumulated, stored and transmitted.     

Helping the Rich get Richer: A Re-assessment of the Income Distributional Trend in Hong Kong

Although many are under the impression that income inequality in Hong Kong has been continually on the rise, the picture presented by official statistics is mixed. This article suggests that official statistics, due to limitations in their design, have underestimated the impact of the top earners. Utilising taxation data, a continuous and strong growth in inequality can be identified when the distribution among taxpayers is considered, providing an alternative picture of inequality in Hong Kong. It is argued that the surge in income inequality is driven in part by the rich earning more rather than by more people becoming rich. The Hong Kong government, instead of adopting redistributive measures to alleviate the situation, has exacerbated inequality through policy choices that strongly favour the richest group. Although these actions might be explained in relation to the political influence wielded by the business sector and the upper class, the social implications of inequality cannot be neglected. Apart from a stronger demand for democracy, perceptions of income inequality and the pro-rich bias in the political system significantly affect people’s political views, as seen in the support for the recent Occupy Movement.     

华北沦陷区粮食的生产与流通

抗日战争时期,日伪特别重视对华北沦陷区粮食的掠夺。尽管在太平洋战争爆发前更重视棉花的增产,但除日伪强力推行植棉的地区外,华北沦陷区的农民仍以种植粮食作为农耕的第一选择。日本的军事侵略及统治,严重破坏了农村的农业生产力,粮食的播种面积及单产量都比七七事变前减少,粮食的流通渠道、机构、方向、手段等都受到了影响。粮食流通的初级市场———集市减少,农民多在自家庭院卖给前来收购的小贩;一些粮栈或货栈成为日本商社的收购人;大城市粮栈的运输职能丧失;一些粮食集散市场的中转职能改变;铁路、卡车及牲畜运输量的增加,也从一个侧面反映了日伪交通统制的重点和薄弱环节所在。     

论魏晋至宋律学的兴衰及其社会政治原因

中国古代作为官办法律教育机构的律学,存在于魏晋至宋。律学之废,并不是北方民族入主的结果。律学的兴衰,与科举制中明法科的变化以及政府对文官法律素养要求的变化关系密切。律学从创建到消亡的过程,历经了士大夫“经律双修”的瓦解和重建,也伴随着政府对普通文官法律素养要求的不断提高,从唐代的提倡、鼓励政策到宋朝制度上的要求,再到明清成为法律上的规定。独立律学的消亡,并不是“士大夫始鲜知律”的原因,而是在重经义、重儒学的大背景下,政府要求普通文官具备法律基本素养的结果。     

日本政府主导型市场经济体制的构建与运营

朝鲜战争爆发后,日本政府主导型市场经济体制借机重组,以家族为中心的旧财阀,整合为以银行和金融机构为中坚,以商社为先锋,通过系列企业相互融资、相互持股以及相互派遣管理人员而形成的具有联合体性质的垄断企业集团。这一体制在日本经济高速增长时期,释放出了巨大的能量,但在国际环境和经济发展条件发生变化后,逐渐暴露出其缺陷,并对经济发展产生了负面影响。     

《世说新语新校》商榷——兼及校勘古籍应注意的一些问题

李天华先生新著《世说新语新校》胜义甚多,然由于本书以采用理校法居多,而理校法“最高明,同时也最危险”,故书中亦有可商榷之处。本文就该书中的数条校文提出商榷,同时,为使古籍校勘言而有据,本文还提出：校勘原文所引古书时,应以外校法为主;原文文从字顺者,不必另行标新立异;“音近义通”可作为校勘时的依据,然不可滥用。     

从秦汉竹简看中国古代循实断案原则的形成与发展

《睡虎地秦墓竹简》、《奏谳书》记载的案例反映了秦汉时期循实断案的基本原则。循实断案是先秦和秦汉时期司法审判的基本原则,神灵裁判是司法官在处理疑难的、任何一方都不能形成优势证据,且案件必须裁判的情况下,才采取的一种审判方法。     

毕达哥拉斯:从人到神的演变——“古史层累”现象的西方个案探究

顾颉刚创立的“古史层累说”理论具有普遍适用性,不仅适用于中国古史研究,也适用于其他地区古代史的研究。本文以“古史层累说”的理论为指导,分析毕达哥拉斯从人到神的演变过程以及导致这种现象产生的背后原因,进而通过这个具体个案的研究,来论证顾颉刚“古史层累说”理论所具有的普遍意义。