简论冯家昇先生的边疆史研究

冯家昇先生在语言学、民族史、历史地理、科技史等多个学术领域多有建树,而边疆史地在其学术研究中占有极其重要的地位。本文对冯家昇的边疆史研究做了简要梳理,认为对诸如冯家昇等先贤的相关研究做进一步的梳理和总结对于边疆学的构建显得很有必要。     

近20年来中国学界的原子弹轰炸及其相关问题研究

80年代以来,我国学术界对原子弹轰炸及其相关问题的研究呈现出十分活跃的局面,并取得了可喜的成果。研究主要集中在美国使用原子弹的原因和动机、原子弹轰炸的历史作用、原子弹轰炸的后果和影响、原子弹轰炸的正当性问题以及关于日本败降的决定因素等问题上。     

中研院史语所与北大史学系的学术关系

国立中央研究院历史语言研究所和国立北京大学史学系,是现代中国史学发展史上两个极重要的学术阵地。从20世纪30年代开始,两者建立起紧密的学术关系。以傅斯年为首的史语所研究人员不仅纷纷到北大史学系兼课,而且通过对北大史学系课程进行改造,使两者在学术精神上达到一致。其结果是,一批深受史语所学术精神影响的“尖子生”被培养出来,并被选入史语所工作。北大史学系某种程度上成了史语所的人才库。另一方面,史语所的学术精神,也通过北大史学系对现代中国史学发展发生着持久性的影响。     

傅斯年、朱希祖、朱谦之的交往与学术

傅斯年,朱希祖,朱谦之均与北京大学、中山大学有紧密的关系。在北京大学期间,朱希祖是北京大学的著名教授、系主任,傅斯年和朱谦之则是北京大学非常出名的学生。以后,傅斯年、朱谦之、朱希祖先后到中山大学任教,都对中山大学史学系有所贡献。三人当中,二朱在中山大学曾是同事。朱谦之对傅斯年的学术思想有较多的评论,认为傅斯年是“发展式的历史”的第三阶段的第二小阶段的代表人物,既指出了他比文献考证派的优胜之处,又指出了他的局限性。朱希祖与傅斯年在明成祖生母问题上有过争论。这些评论和争鸣,既表现出他们各自深厚的学术功底和严谨的治学态度,也反映出近代学人错综复杂的学术关系。     

A socioeconomic impact assessment of three Italian national parks

The expansion of protected areas (PAs) is feared to negatively affect the local economy, as every PA, albeit to different degrees, entails restriction to the economic activities. The literature on the topic has started assessing what is the socioeconomic impact of PAs, mostly focusing on the Global South. The objective of this article is the analysis of the socioeconomic impact of three Italian national parks (NPs), established in the 2000s, using a counterfactual approach based on both the outcome regression diff-in-diff and the doubly robust diff-in-diff combined with different propensity score-based and Mahalanobis distance matching procedures. We find that the three Italian NPs have a robust and statistically significant impact on average income of residents in municipalities hosting them. Conversely, there is weak evidence that population and local establishments are positively affected, and touristic local establishments and employment are negatively affected by the three NPs. All together the results indicate that the three NPs have no negative effect on the socioeconomic dynamics of the territories impacted, although additional investigations are required to shed lights to the impact mechanisms.     

EPISTEMIC WOUNDED ATTACHMENTS: RECOVERING DEFINITIONAL SUBJECTIVITY THROUGH COLONIAL LIBRARIES

Postcolonial theorizing on empires and subjects focuses on governance and infrastructure as relevant geographies of relation. However, when governance-driven knowledge production migrates from colony to metropole, what postcolonial subjectivity formations are recovered from colonial archives, particularly if these archives are structured by epistemic difference? We theorize a wounded attachment to a colonial library, or the construction of subjectivity through colonial archival recovery, as a means of transforming a colonial library of governance into an academic discipline. Through the case study of Sikh studies, a discipline originating out of colonial governance of Sikhs, we argue that epistemic difference is transformed into epistemic distancing as a tool by which scholars pursue legibility to the Euro-American academy. We contextualize the ongoing investment in measures of academic legibility (for example, objectivity, distance, and validity) as how area and region are tied to the production of universal knowledge; these measures result in the elision of embodied knowledge as a valid framework for intellectual pursuit.     

建设项目环境影响评价中存在的问题与对策探讨

对建设项目进行环境影响评价分析,对国民经济的健度稳定发展和保护生态自然环境均有重要的作用。但在具体实施过程中,仍然存在不少问题,如工程分析粗糙、报告书质量不高、评价缺乏针对性和实用性等。本文对此进行了分析,并提出相应对策。     

南极旅游开发与设想

本文提出,随着我国南极长城站和中山站的建立、以及"极地号"和"雪龙号"破冰船的购置,更由于人民生活水平的逐步提高,我国开发南极旅游的时机已经到来。本文认为与低层次的物质享受相比,南极旅游更有助于促进国民素质提高和全国主义、国际主义精神的培养。本文对南极旅游资源作了评价.划分出南极半岛等4个旅游区。本文构思了我国未来南极旅游组织实施的规划和设想,提出可先开辟南极半岛旅游区和环南极旅行两条旅游线路,沿途可开展海外观光、远洋考察和远洋捕捞业,以促进我国旅游业、南大洋考察和远洋捕捞运输业的全面发展。     

元明之际的学风

元明之际社会的急剧动荡与朱陆合流的学术气氛 ,促使大批文人退居讲学和自由结社 ,从而形成了这个时期既主张格物致知的笃实功夫 ,又主张敬以直内的心性冥悟的学风。这种学风 ,对明代学风的形成具有重要作用     

美国人文地理学概论教材:内容、评价与特点

选取美国流行的几本人文地理学概论教材,对其内容、组织结构、表现形式、地图使用、网络支持等方面进行详细的评述。在此基础上结合以往的研究总结出美国此类教材的特点:(1)教材的主题大同小异,差异主要表现在教材结构和材料组织上;(2)教材内容基于已有的研究成果,对他人的相关研究成果表现出特别的尊重;(3)使用大量地图和照片,表格和案例丰富,使教材赏心悦目;(4)重视文化分析;(5)重视景观分析;(6)教材更新快,时代感强。这些特点值得我们今后编写或修改此类教材时参考。