中国民营经济发展若干问题研究

民营经济是一种以民为本的民本经济;生产劳动是满足人民群众日苴增长的物质和化需要的直接的经济活劝;保护私有财产权是大国兴起之路;构建和谐社会必须正确看待当前收分配差距;必须给民营经济发展创造良好的社会环境,所有这些都是中国民营经济发展中的重要理论和政策问题。为此,我们很有必要从理论上加深对民营经济的认识,在实践中进一步促进民营经济的发展．     

Soil erosion and flooding on the eastern South Downs, southern England, 1976–2001

The South Downs in southern England have been farmed for 5000 years: the initial loess cover is now a thin, stony remnant as a result of erosion. During the 1980s, field monitoring of erosion events in an area of 36 km² showed that average rates of erosion are low (0.5–5.0 m³ ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹), but that occasional storms result in losses of over 200 m³ ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ on individual fields. On soils that are only 15 cm thick, such rates pose a threat to future farming. Almost all recent erosion has been on fields of winter cereals, which are bare in the wet autumn period. Of greater significance in the short term are the effects of soil-laden runoff (or muddy floods) on urban areas. Flood damage to property has been a regular event since the conversion of this area to winter cereals in the 1970s. Soil conservation measures have been negligible and flood protection has consisted mainly of engineering works and limited land-use change at sites where property damage has occurred. Conversion to grass under the Set Aside, and an Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) scheme, could be an effective soil conservation and flood protection approach. In the longer term, increasing stoniness of soils, the economic incentives for arable farming in marginal areas, and the success of legal proceedings relating to flood damage, will determine the future of erosion on the South Downs. Current farming systems clearly are unsustainable and would become more so under future climates without substantial site-targeted land use change.     

基于小产权房居住满意度的实证研究——以南京迈皋桥地区小产权房社区为例

小产权房是一个涉及广泛民生,持续受到关注的社会热点问题。小产权房交易屡禁不止,是目前政策的难点之一。本文从城乡规划的视角出发,通过对南京市城郊结合部典型小产权房小区的实证调查,了解小产权房居民的居住状况和居住满意度。研究内容涉及小产权房居住区的社会构成,居民对小区外部环境、小区建设状况、小区社会生活的满意度状况,以及小产权房小区违规建设导致的问题,并针对居住品质改善提出建议。最后,从城乡规划的角度对现存小产权房的治理提出一些建议。     

中国古代砖砌体力学性能研究综述

古代砖砌体建筑由于材料劣化、环境影响,材料特性及力学性能均受到不同程度的影响和损伤,为了保护历史文化的载体,结合古建筑材料获取原始且必要的数据,系统总结了古砖、传统灰浆的制备工艺和材料性能,简要归纳了古砖、传统灰浆和古砖砌体基本力学性能及其测试方法,对比分析了单砖和砌体抗压强度的差异以及古建筑砌体材料力学性能研究现状。并对今后古砌体如弹性模量等力学性能、古砌体材料及结构的损伤机理等的研究提出了展望或建议,可为砖石古建筑的修缮保护提供参考依据。     

Citizenship,property rights and dispossession in postwar Poland (1918 and 1945)

After both the First and Second World Wars, the Polish state used nationality law as a tool for ethnic de-integration and dispossession, albeit in varying measure and with differing impact. After 1918, legislation and implementation focused less on economic interests than on those of the nation-state. Through the liquidation of private property against compensation, the German population, especially in Western Prussia, Poznań and Pomerelia, were to be persuaded to leave Poland voluntarily. These measures were within the legal framework set by the Versailles Treaties and the national tradition of civil law.     

论土地承包经营权的法律保护问题

关于如何保护土地征收中的土地承包经营权问题,当前国内学者们提出了各自的观点。本文在分析这些观点的基础上,从完善土地承包经营权和制约土地征收权这两个角度提出了个人见解。     

抗日战争时期的兵险

中央信托局举办的战时兵险为国内外重要抗战物资的运输及后方工矿生产事业解除了后顾之忧,使其得以安心运输与生产.大量兵险法规章则的制订与施行表明当时经济部门对管理规范化和制度化非常重视.战时兵险的运作充分体现了原则性与灵活性的高度统一,且与其他财经措施相互配合,产生了超出"保险"以外的稳定效应.国营、民营保险机构精诚合作,共同经营战时兵险.这种互利双赢的模式说明,民国时期国家资本与民间资本的关系除了基于利益矛盾的冲突,还有其他可能的面向,而这是学界以往所忽视的.     

应给“民营经济”正名

该文指出,目前国内所称谓的“民营经济”或“民营企业”,其实质是指私有经济或私人企业。“民营”这一概念是我国由计划经济向市场经济转轨过程中特定阶段的产物,它模糊了产权关系,缺乏科学的内涵界定,并给一些人借机浑水摸鱼提供了可乘之机。因此,在现阶段,应给“民营经济”正名。     

论"九一三"事件后"解放军学全国人民"活动

"九一三"事件后,中国人民解放军在"批林整风"运动中,为排除林彪反革命集团对军队建设的干扰和破坏,在全军开展了"解放军学全国人民"活动.通过开展这项活动,进一步加强了军民团结和军政团结,在整顿军队的纪律和作风方面取得了较好的效果.