曹寅的文献学成就

清代著名文学家曹雪芹的祖父曹寅喜好藏书,精通版本、校勘、目录之学,曾刊刻《全唐诗》、《楝亭十二种》、《曹楝亭五种》等古典文献,提出“藏书不如刻书”的进步古书流通理论,而《楝亭书目》则体现了曹寅在目录学方面的独特见解和创新意识。     

河南安阳市殷墟郭家庄东南五号商代墓葬

2006年11月,安阳市文物工作队对郭家庄东南的一座商代贵族墓葬进行发掘。该墓为土坑竖穴墓,一椁一棺。墓内随葬品共计63件,有陶器、青铜器、玉石器、骨器、蚌器和贝币。该墓的时代为殷墟文化第二期,墓主人是旅长或高级贵族。该墓是近年在殷墟外围地区发现的较重要的墓葬之一。     

殷墟出土青铜礼器铸型的制作工艺

前言作为商代晚期的都城,殷墟也是商代后期青铜铸造业最重要的基地,遗址内出土有大量陶范、芯、模,熔铜、盛铜器具,制范、铸后清理所用工具,以及相关的遗迹、遗物等。这些出土资料为我们了解殷墟青铜器生产的工艺流程,印证或是修正以往关于某些技术细节的猜测和假说,提供了重要的依据。     

略论商周时期关中地区腰坑葬俗

自从确定“腰坑”这一考古学术语以来,腰坑葬俗文化已逐渐成为考古学、民俗学研究者所关注的课题,近年来对此葬俗做过研究的有郜向平、王志友、杨毕、谢日万、朱海仁、胡庆生、彭文等,以及日本学者井上聪。最近,笔者曾对陕西地区腰坑葬俗的情况进行过肤浅的研究。而此文撰写的目的,是通过对商周时期关中地区腰坑葬俗的具体探讨,以期理清该葬俗在周族、殷族中的变化。     

Medieval Ireland and the Shannon Hydro-Electric Scheme: reconstructing the past in independent Ireland

This essay considers the position of Irish medieval buildings in the early years of the twentieth century. Focusing on the treatment of the oratory of St. Lua at Killaloe, it examines the ways in which the ruins of the medieval past were used to signify a range of political, religious and cultural ideas and attitudes. The rising water levels following the Shannon Scheme works (begun in 1925) meant that this stone oratory was moved from its original position on Friar’s Island to the grounds of St. Flannan’s Roman Catholic Church in 1929. The resulting paper trail reflects the complex processes of decision-making within a civil service in transition as the new Irish Free State calibrated its position with regard to the past and the treatment of medieval ruins throughout the countryside. The case study of St. Lua’s oratory is considered here in the context of the nineteenth-century tradition of scholarship on medieval buildings, the development of the idea of a national Irish architecture during this period, and the impact of this tradition on subsequent engagement with the buildings of the medieval past.     

Photography and Latin American Ruins

Ever since the nineteenth century photographers have regularly turned to Latin American ruins to express a diverse range of scientific, colonial, aesthetic and spiritual desires. This article looks at photographs of Latin American ruins from the nineteenth century through several archaeological expeditions in Central and South America over the course of the twentieth century. Focusing in particular on photographs of ruins that include human subjects, I argue that the human-material interactions evident in these images undermine the traditional view of a split between the archaeological subject and the material object, serving as a reminder of the political actuality of ‘classical’ ruins, sites that have sometimes been left out of the West’s contemporary fascination with the dark underbelly of modernity. Acknowledging that such politics is by no means always innocent, sometimes reflecting as it does the embedded power relations of neo-colonial desires, I argue nonetheless that ancient ruins in Latin America continue to be spaces around which social relations can be formed, not least through humour and pleasure.     

利用探地雷达技术对河西杨根系影响甘肃高台明长城遗址的研究

植物根系的生长和腐烂对土遗址具有不同程度的破坏作用,影响其长久保存。为确定明代长城土遗址本体内树木根系的生长分布情况,本研究利用探地雷达技术,对甘肃高台境内的明代长城遗址内生长的河西杨根系进行了探测研究。结果表明:河西杨根系主要分布于探测区域北侧,并由北向南延伸,周围分布有侧根,根系主要分布在深度为35~85cm范围内,主根直径约为12cm。400MHz天线的探测深度可达2m,而900MHz天线具有较高的探测精度,二者结合使用可更好地判断地下根系的生长情况。本研究首次获得遗址内根系三维图像,并在不破坏土遗址结构的前提下,确定了树木根系的分布状况。该技术为长城遗址保护方案的制定和加固修复措施的开展提供了重要的科学依据。     

志丹苑元代水闸遗址木构件侵蚀微生物的防治研究

为研究志丹苑元代水闸遗址木构件免受微生物危害的方案,本工作采用碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸酯(Iodopropynyl Butyl Carbamate,简称IPBC)处理的方法解决志丹苑元代水闸遗址木构件侵蚀微生物的防治问题。将遗址中处于潮湿环境条件下的木构件经IPBC处理5年后,测得其细菌总量减少89.25%,真菌总量减少55.56%,且木构件中微生物主要类群发生了很大的变化。研究表明,IPBC对于可能导致潮湿环境条件下木构件材质软腐的微生物的生长具有明显的抑制作用。本研究为控制志丹苑元代水闸遗址木构件的微生物危害提供了有效的备选方案。     

跋美国国会图书馆藏明刻本《两镇三关通志》

本文在比较国会图书馆、天一阁和东洋文库本的基础上判定美国国会图书馆所藏明刻本《两镇三关通志》是迄今所见存世最好的刻本。同时围绕和田清和司律义有关明代蒙古史研究的成就与缺憾,检讨《两镇三关通志》的史料价值。以明朝为正统的“华夷之辨”思想是《两镇三关通志》文本产生过程中的重要的制约因素。     

竝方国族氏考

本文运用殷周甲骨卜辞与殷周金文方国族氏徽文字互证的方法,对殷周时期的“竝”方国进行了综合研究,考证出“竝”方国的地望在今河南固始附近。