A New Energy Age in Pacific Russia: Lessons from the Sakhalin Oil and Gas Projects

A noted British specialist in Russia's economic geography and the Far East region presents a comprehensive account of the development of the onshore and offshore oil and gas deposits of Sakhalin. Following a review of early multinational activity in geological surveying and exploration during the 1970s, he charts subsequent changes in the entities formed to develop and exploit the deposits (Sakhalin-I and -II) later in the Soviet period and during the first two decades of Russian independence. These changes have responded to improved knowledge of the geology of the deposits and changing relations between the Russian central government and Sakhalin regional authorities. Also analyzed are efforts by the Russian side to overturn or otherwise modify terms of previous agreements deemed unfavorable, and maneuvering by China and Japan to secure increasing sources of supply for their markets. With Sakhalin's two core projects now entering the active production phase, the author distills a number of key issues that have shaped the development of the island's offshore hydrocarbon resources and will have a bearing on prospects for a future generation of less spectacular new projects (incremental development); he also outlines wider lessons that have been learned over the life of Sakhalin's projects. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F210, L710, L950, P330, Q400. 4 figures, 2 tables, 45 references.     

徐贞明《潞水客谈》研究——一部值得关注的明代西北水利著作

明万历四年,徐贞明撰写了<潞水客谈>,认为发展西北农田水利建设,就近解决京师及北方地区的粮食供应问题,缓解东南地区的经济压力,实属国家之大计、之急务,并对开发西北水利的具体措施进行了论述.徐贞明之所以撰写此书,既有现实的社会政治和经济原因,又与他的个人经历有关.     

徐承祖与中日长崎事件

1886年8月发生的“长崎事件”,是甲午战前中日两国之间的一次重要外交斗争。徐承祖作为清政府驻日本的最高代表,直接负责处理这一事件。他在处理伊始的献言,使交涉迅速走上了依托法律解决的正确轨道;“彼此抚恤、伤多恤重”方案的及时上呈,终使僵局得以化解,清政府尚能体面下台。“崎案”的结局助成了两国海军事业不同的发展方向,判定了甲午战争中日本中国一胜一败的前景。     

淮上文献述论

淮安,古称淮阴,历史上的版图占据今天苏北的大部.大约在夏王朝的初期,淮夷在淮河流域建立了徐国.秦统一六国后,揭开了在淮安设县的序幕.特殊的地理位置使淮安成为人文之邦.淮安地处京杭大运河中段,承担着转运漕粮的重任,这一独特的交通优势使淮安成为重要的商品集散地.历史在铸造淮安人威武不能屈的灵魂时,还给这片热土留下了丰富的文学作品.     

《与同年诸翰林论文书》作者辨误

黄宗羲编选《明文海》、《明文授读》时,误将明代嘉靖至万历时期徐显卿所作的《与同年诸翰林论文书》一文置于成化至正德时期的徐祯卿名下,后来许多研究者便据此认为徐祯卿的诗文理论"充满悖论",并试图为他这种根本不存在的所谓"悖论"强行解释,这是不可能成立的。     

《古今经传序略》所载佚文两篇

明末清初,张隽赍持"因序以征书"的遗民心志,辑录<古今经传序略>,保存了大量的有明文献.笔者在整理过程中,发现了佚文温璜<易解自序>及韩昌箕<历代史衡自序>,借此可考见明代吴江著述之一斑,亦可补史志之遗缺.     

Harvesting the Seashores in the Late Mesolithic of Northwestern Europe: A View From Brittany

The shell middens of Brittany provide the last evidence of a Mesolithic way of life along the French Atlantic façade. This is partly a result of Holocene marine transgressions that prevent easy access to earlier coastal settlements. Nevertheless, the dependence on the sea seen in the Late Mesolithic seems to be a consequence of a long-established exploitation system. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope signatures in human bone reflect a dominance of marine protein, while the zooarchaeological components of shell middens show a high species richness of exploited marine resources. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction suggests that more or less the whole range of resources exploited was accessible in the immediate vicinity of the sites. Seasonal aspects of the utilised and potentially available subsistence resources, along with stable isotope and lithic data, raise the possibility of restricted mobility for these populations, within relatively limited territories. The impression of extreme dependence of these coastal populations on the seashore might have been a key factor in their final disappearance, whether this is viewed as replacement or acculturation. Indeed, the Mesolithic communities of Brittany could have been caught between rising sea-levels and the arrival of Neolithic communities from the east and the south.     

徐世昌与延吉边务交涉

1907-1909年,中日之间发生了关于“间岛”问题的严重交涉。时任东三省总督的徐世昌在交涉中起到了非常重要的作用,主要表现在选贤任能、注重情报、洞悉阴谋、全盘谋划、灵活外交等方面,有利地遏制了日人的侵略阴谋。     

ZOOMORPHIC EFFIGY PENDANTS: AN EXAMINATION OF STYLE,MEDIUM, AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE CADDO AREA

Abstract

Caddo zoomorphic effigy pendants were crafted from a wide variety of raw material, such as freshwater mussel shell, Busycon perversum (whelk) marine shell, animal bone, and various types of soft stone. They have been documented at contemporaneous Late Caddo (A.D. 1400–1700) sites along the Red River in northeast Texas, southwest Arkansas, and northwest Louisiana; the Black Bayou, Big Cypress Bayou, and upper Sabine River basins in northeast Texas; the Ouachita River in south-central Arkansas; and the Arkansas River in central Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma. This paper describes the development of a comprehensive corpus that investigates stylistic groups, differential raw material or medium utilized, and the spatial distribution of zoomorphic effigy pendants throughout the Caddo area. Results reveal north-south heterogeneity, suggesting the presence of broader traditional cultural narratives associated with a complex idea that is manifest regionally in distinct stylistic forms and linked to Caddo beliefs concerning Beneath World themes. Additionally, this stylistic and spatial analysis offers an additional dataset to further explore social, political, and economic linkages among and between contemporary Caddo groups around A.D. 1500.     

甲骨卜辞“疋”地考

甲骨卜辞中有个地名"疋"。通过甲骨文材料、传世文献资料、出土器物综合分析,"疋"的地望在陕西省汉中盆地中东部的城固、洋县一带,其核心区域在湑水河下游两岸的平原地带。"城洋铜器群"可能是古"疋国"的文化遗物。