Oxygen isotopic composition of limpet shells from the Beagle Channel: implications for seasonal studies in shell middens of Tierra del Fuego

Shell middens distributed along the coastal areas of the Beagle Channel (Tierra del Fuego) testify the primary role of marine resources in the successful social dynamic of hunter–gatherer–fisher societies (HGF) in extreme high latitude environmental conditions. Intertidal and subtidal limpet species are frequently identified taxa of these archaeological deposits. We investigated whether shell δ¹⁸O of the limpet species Nacella deaurata is a valuable record of local sea surface temperature (SST) and ambient water δ¹⁸O (δ¹⁸Ow) fluctuations, and in turn can be used to estimate the season of its exploitation by Holocene HGF. Sequential shell δ¹⁸O of modern species track seasonal changes of SST and δ¹⁸Ow. The comparison of shell δ¹⁸O profiles of N. deaurata and Nacella magellanica (a coexisting species) suggests the occurrence of distinct growth rate and physiological adaptations between species. Shell δ¹⁸O of zooarchaeological specimens of N. deaurata from Lanashuaia II suggests that animals were exploited predominantly in winter and that experienced similar environmental conditions of present day at ∼1320 years BP. Results also indicate that N. deaurata is a valuable candidate for studying past seasonal changes in SST and δ¹⁸Ow in this southernmost part of South America.     

澄怀探道 林泉高致——论许钧的书画艺术

开封博物馆原藏有多件许钧书法精品,2002年许钧后人又向开封博物馆捐赠了许钧的书法及绘画作品。这不仅弥补了开封博物馆没有许钧绘画藏品的空白,同时又为研究许钧的书法、绘画艺术提供了更丰富的资料。     

许景衡的文集及佚作

宋许景衡《横塘集》原有 30 卷,明中叶以后散佚。清乾隆间编《四库全书》,从《永乐大典》辑出20 卷,缺佚颇多,仅从《东瓯诗集》收入佚诗 1 首。光绪间瑞安孙氏编印《永嘉丛书》,孙氏父子指出《东瓯诗集》与《东瓯续集》中有佚诗 3 首,林表民《赤城集》与刘安节《刘左史集》中各有佚文 1 篇。北京大学古籍研究所编《全宋诗》,辑得佚诗 10 题共 13 首。潘猛补辑得佚诗 2 首。栾贵明《四库辑本别集拾遗》辑得佚文 3 篇。今从《东瓯续集》辑得《过闲心寺》1 首,从《刘左史集》辑得《祭刘左史文》1 篇,从《永嘉集·内编》辑得《林居士墓志铭》1 篇,但散见于他书的佚文还很多。     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

Prehistoric shell beads on the Georgia coast

ABSTRACT

The prehistoric peoples living along the Georgia coast fabricated and used shell beads for millennia. Out of a number of mollusk species inhabiting the region, only a few were selected for the fabrication of beads. The knobbed whelk (Busycon carica) was the most common species used, and it represents the most common whelk found in Atlantic coastal waters. The lightning whelk (Busycon sinistrum), the second most common whelk in the region, was occasionally used in the production of beads. Small numbers of beads were made from marginella and olive shells and, rarely, from bivalve species. Small beads were manufactured from the body whorl of whelks, while larger beads were fabricated from whelk collumella. Shell beads appear in small quantities in Late Archaic period contexts, and then almost disappear during the Woodland period. Beads reappear in quantities at about AD 800 in the Early Mississippian period. More shell beads have been recovered from Mississippian period archaeological contexts along the northern Georgia coast than along the southern coast, reflective of cultural differences between these two geographic areas in the post-Woodland period era.     

抗战时期的历史教育与徐文珊的《历史教育论》

抗战时期被称为中国的“大时代”,徐文珊的《历史教育论》则是这个“大时代”的产物。它是一部总结和阐发抗战时期中国历史教育动向的专门著作。它的出现,反映了当时历史教育由“考古”向“考今”的转向,也顺应了抗战的时代要求。它的内容比较丰富,具有鲜明的思想特色,主要包括首次明确地从理论上将历史教育区分为学校教育与社会教育两个不同领域、历史教育以情感教育为先等六个方面。而它的时代价值,则体现在推动了文化抗战工作,促进了历史教育向更高层次的发展。