“儒以诗礼发冢”释义

儒学在《庄子》的语言世界中占有特殊地位,孔子及其儒家常常成为庄子批判、嘲讽的对象。在《庄子·外物》篇“儒以诗礼发冢”寓言中,儒者被塑造成盗墓者的形象,诗礼成为盗墓的依据。它通过“发冢”的讽刺性场面,颠覆了人们对儒学及其价值信仰的观念,发人深思。     

于省吾《诸子新证》的训诂内容

《诸子新证》是二十世纪“新证派”的代表人物于省吾先生的训诂专著之一,考释《管子》等十部先秦两汉时期子书中的疑文滞句共1645条。其训诂内容包括考证和校勘两个方面,同时综合运用多种版本、各种材料,对古籍文献加以重新考证,或证成旧说,或发明新义,多成一家之言。     

故宫养心殿藏“寿”字贴落保护研究

故宫养心殿内纸质文物主要包含贴落与隔扇心,其中贴落集中于正殿、东西暖阁及佛堂一区。在故宫博物院“养心殿研究性保护项目”中,书画修复人员对该区域进行全面调查,并针对佛堂一区保存状态较差的贴落进行修复。“寿”字贴落原存于养心殿佛堂长春书屋,糊贴于丁香花壁布之上,其画心纸为黄色描银龙纹粉蜡笺纸。为了研究其结构和工艺,使用多角度摄影技术观察贴落保存现状;通过显微剖面观察、扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析,结合显微红外光谱扫描技术研究画心纸的显微结构;使用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用分析仪分析表面黄色染料;并对画心和背纸的纤维显微形貌进行观察。在科技分析基础上,对“寿”字贴落进行保护修复。此研究首次对清代宫廷藏粉蜡笺纸的结构、材料与工艺进行科学分析,为这类加工纸的保护研究提供科学依据。     

胡家草场汉简医方杂识两则

胡家草场医简与里耶秦简医方内容近似,可以对读。本文以胡家草场"治心腹病"方和"病水"方为例,对里耶简中的若干文字进行补释,并结合传世医籍对两个医方所记病症及治疗方法作出初步疏证。     

Artifacts that speak for themselves: Sounds underfoot in Mesoamerica

Previously overlooked in archaeological research, natural sounds emitted from the underground affect humans and culture. In this paper, it is suggested that noises generated by subterranean ground movement, water, wind, and wildlife are a reason why residents in Mesoamerica perceive caves, waterholes, limestone sinks, and mountains as sacred. Too, a mental grasp of the sounds, conceptualized as anthropomorphized voices and music, may have been employed as an ideological basis for authority in Maya society. Support is shown using examples of ethnohistory, ethnography, and archaeology. Called for is the systematic collection and study of underground sounds, as artifacts, to define the noises as possible use determinants in ritual venues and settlement sites. Their potential importance as early warning devices for destructive agents in the natural environment suggests that an understanding of the noises and their regard by residents in the region could contribute to theory-building in anthropology, particularly in issues of human-environment relations, and sociocultural development.     

晚清首批留德军事学生再考--以《李星使来去信》为中心的考察

光绪二年,七名淮军军官受李鸿章派遣赴德留学。北京大学图书馆所藏《李星使来去信》对此有着详实的记载。七名学生中,卞长胜与朱耀彩因品行不良提前回国,余者虽完成了学业,但所学非常有限,后来也大多没有晋升到较高的职位上。此次留学没有达到预期目标,症结在于学生个人素养不足,集中表现为德语水平低下。