濒危世界遗产威胁因素分析与中国世界遗产保护对策

研究导致世界遗产"濒危"的威胁因素能够为我国世界遗产管理与保护提供重要借鉴。对全球濒危世界遗产威胁因素定量统计发现:武装冲突、管理不力、工程建设是世界文化遗产与世界自然遗产共同面临的三大威胁;世界文化遗产的主要濒危因素还包括城市发展压力、不合适的维修/重建等;世界自然遗产濒危因素则还包括非法偷猎、捕捞,以及林业采伐、农业种植、放牧等农林生产活动等。中国世界遗产面临的首要威胁因素是旅游发展压力,管理问题、城市发展压力、水利工程建设等也较为突出。提出中国世界遗产保护建议:明确遗产旅游价值取向,加强高峰期游客管理,控制旅游设施建设规模;提升管理水平与管理能力,探索世界遗产管理的新体系、新思路;妥善处理好城市发展对世界文化遗产的保护压力,积极预防极端自然灾害的破坏;严格控制世界自然遗产地内的道路建设、水利工程建设等。     

故宫博物院80年

故宫博物院是中国近现代社会变革、文化转型的产物,见证了历史的沧桑,有过曲折的历程。它作为中华民族历史和传统的重要象征,正为人们所深刻认识和空前重视,同时以其宏富的收藏、多样的展示、丰硕的科研成果为世所瞩目,从整体上反映着中国博物馆事业的发展水平。故宫是世界文化遗产,对故宫价值的认识以及多年来在故宫保护上的努力,是中国世界文化遗产保护意识与保护水平不断提高的体现,也是世界文化遗产保护理论与实践的宝贵财富。故宫博物院正在重点抓紧基础建设、搞好开放展览、扩大对外合作与交流、打造“数字故宫”、推进故宫学研究等工作,努力实现保护好民族瑰宝并创建世界一流博物馆的目标。     

发展中的江苏省世界文化遗产保护事业

苏州古典园林和南京明孝陵被列入世界文化遗产名录,这两处世界文化遗产的保护,由以传统方式的文物保存上升到对世界文化遗产的科学管理和保护。     

Applications of satellite remote sensing for research and heritage management in Indian prehistory

Multidisciplinary spatial studies are relatively limited in Indian archaeology, despite their potential for research and heritage management. This paper discusses applications of satellite remote sensing, field studies and GIS, in the context of Palaeolithic archaeology. The study region covers an area of around 8000 km², in the state of Tamil Nadu, South India, and is characterized by a rich and diverse Palaeolithic record. Satellite images of varied spatial resolutions were interpreted to address both regional and site-specific research questions. Thematic maps were generated from satellite data and refined with intensive field investigations. These were used for demarcating sources of raw material, and in investigating variability in the distribution of sites through time in relation to a range of geological and geomorphological features. Satellite data and field studies also aided in mapping impacts on sites resulting from modern landuse patterns. The paper also discusses the development and testing of a model to detect potential areas where new sites may be rapidly located.     

大运河作为文化线路的认识与分析

中国的大运河一直是炎黄子孙所珍视的文化遗产。近年来的申遗热,更促使学界将大运河纳入世界遗产的范畴之中进行全新的认识与研究,同时国际重要的遗产研究团体也对大运河这一特殊案例给予了多方关注。当前学界对于大运河遗产的特点与价值等重点专题都展开了热烈地探讨,但与世界遗产理论体系并没有充分地接轨。因此,有必要从世界遗产体系中已有的相关文件在对大运河价值评估中产生的问题出发,探索"文化线路"对于大运河特质识别和价值研究的理论指导,从而发掘出对大运河遗产的新认识。     

Tolerant exclusion: expanding constricted narratives of wartime ethnic and civic nationalism1

ABSTRACT. During war, the demarcation ‘enemy alien’– whether on ethnic or civic grounds – can lead to loss of political, social or economic rights. Yet not all minorities are excluded even though they pose problems for civic and ethnic national categories of belonging. This article explores the experiences of an ethno‐religious minority who posed an intriguing dilemma for ethnic and civic categorisation in North America during World War II. The Mennonite experience enables a close examination of the relationship between a minority ethnic (and religious) group and majority concepts of wartime civic and ethnic nationalism. The article supports arguments that both ethnic and civic nationalism produce markers for the exclusion of minority groups during wartime. It reveals that minority groups can unintentionally become part of majority ‘nationalisms’ as the content of what defines the national ideal shifts over time. The experiences also suggest that a minority group can help mobilise symbolic resources that participate in transforming what defines the national ideal.     

The Capture and Curation of the Cannibal ‘Vendovi’: Reality and Representation of a Pacific Frontier

ABSTRACT

The United States Exploring Expedition into the Pacific launched in 1838 was marked, like the continental expansion westward, by violent encounters with Native peoples. By examining the record of the expedition's kidnapping of the Fijian Ro Veidovi, the fate of his body after death, and the ways his story came to be invoked in the official narrative of the expedition, the popular press, the ‘National Gallery’ and, more recently, the Fijian press, this paper demonstrates how violent contacts on the Pacific frontier were remembered, effaced, and reconceived. The changing story of Ro Veidovi permanently bridged distant locales in an emerging ‘Pacific World’, setting in motion transcultural negotiations that continue to this day.     

Assessing a Computer-aided Instructional Strategy in a World Geography Course

An experiment was conducted to compare student achievement under two differing instructional strategies: a small-group and computer-aided strategy versus lecture instruction. Evaluation was extended in several ways beyond comparison of overall student scores. Results show significant improvements in student achievement produced by the computer-aided strategy with reference to gender, ethnicity and levels of cognitive learning. The study concludes that experimental evaluations of CAI serve best as formative tools to match instructional strategies to specific types of content material and different types of students, and that instructional media are best evaluated along with the instructional method in which they are embedded.     

博物馆策展人:学者艺术鉴赏家展览组织者——屈志仁先生专访

博物馆策展人的素质与能力是博物馆陈列展览特别是专题展览成功的关键因素之一.美国大都会艺术博物馆亚洲艺术部主任、国际著名博物馆策展人屈志仁先生以"忽必烈的时代"展为例指出:博物馆策展人应同时具备学者、艺术鉴赏家与展览组织者的素质与能力,通晓与展览有关的历史学、艺术史、文化史及文物与博物馆学等学科知识,组织、协调从研究策划...     

香港团队游客上海世博游决策的影响因素分析

上海世博会是2010年中国旅游行业最重要的盛事,深入理解和分析上海世博会旅游消费者的行为特征,对于未来中国节事旅游产品的开发和营销具有重要的意义。本文应用聚类分析和联合分析,从供需两个方面初步探究和分析了参团到访上海世博会的香港游客的消费者行为特征。研究结果显示,该客源市场可以细分为消遣型、综合型和融入型三个类别。三类游客对世博旅游产品具有不同的选择偏好。