《金陵长干寺真身塔藏舍利石函记》考释及相关问题

《金陵长干寺真身塔藏舍利石函记》碑铭2008年出土于南京大报恩寺遗址宋代塔基地宫中。碑铭刻写俱佳,保存完好,对于研究长干寺的历史沿革和宋初修造长干寺真身塔的详细情况,皆具有重要的史学价值。出土的佛顶骨舍利为北宋译经僧施护所献,长干寺地宫独特的形制受六朝时期地宫形制的影响;用阿育王塔瘗藏舍利的形式,显受五代吴越国影响颇深。     

湖北省博物馆观众行为调查报告

博物馆观众行为,主要是指观众在博物馆环境中带有目的性的行动的连续集合。观众行为的跟踪调查和定点观察,是博物馆观众研究的重要手段。湖北省博物馆"曾侯乙墓展览"的观众行为、参观时间、展品参观率、博物馆标识利用率等的调查研究和统计分析,折射出博物馆在展线安排、服务设施等对外服务方面的大致情况,可以为我国博物馆开展观众服务提供可资借鉴的参考数据和建议。     

北宋长干寺圣感塔地宫形制成因初探

2008年发现的南京北宋长干寺圣感塔地宫形制为圆形竖穴土圹式,为目前发现宋代舍利塔地宫中所仅见,而与南北朝时期的早期佛塔地宫形制一致。通过全面梳理我国舍利塔地宫的发展脉络,以及南京长干寺自东吴开始的建塔历史,可以认为北宋长干寺圣感塔地宫独特形制的形成有两种可能性:其一是沿用六朝长干寺佛塔地宫,其二是北宋建塔过程中有意模仿南北朝时期的地宫形制。     

Palaeoecology and Archaeology of the Village of Uukuniemi,Eastern Finland

Abstract

In the present article, pollen analytical results from Lake Kirkkolampi are presented and compared with results provided by archaeological material. Pollen analysis is connected with the archaeological research project at Papinniemi in Uukuniemi. Papinniemi is one of the numerous Greek Orthodox settlements that existed in Karelia in the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries. Archaeological evidence of settlement preceding this period is very scarce, and in this respect Uukuniemi represents a typical area in eastern Finland. There is no archaeological evidence of permanent settlement in Uukuniemi from the Early Metal Period (c. 1800 bc–ad 400), the Middle Iron Age (c. ad 400–800) or from the Late Iron Age (c. ad 800–1300). Pollen analysis demonstrated the onset of cultivation c. cal ad 300. Marked intensification of agricultural activities and cultivation in permanent fields took place around cal ad 800. A shift in land-use practises, including a declining use of fire, is visible at cal ad 1520–1600. The discrepancy between archaeological and palaeoecological records raises several questions, and the problems of Early Metal Period and Iron Age populations, as well as settlement continuity, are discussed.     

Experimental Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Squat RC Structural Walls with Limited Ductility Reinforcing Details

This article describes an experimental study carried out on of reinforced concrete (RC) walls of less confining reinforcement than that recommended by ACI 318. A total of eight RC walls with boundary elements comprising of five walls with aspect ratio of 1.125 and three walls with aspect ratio of 1.625 were tested by subjecting them to low levels of axial compression loading and simulated seismic loading, to examine the structural performance of the walls with limited transverse reinforcement. Conclusions are reached concerning the failure mode, drift capacity, strength capacity, components of top deformation, and energy dissipation characteristics of walls on the seismic behavior with limited transverse reinforcement. The influences of axial loading, transverse reinforcement in the wall boundary elements, and the presence of construction joints at the wall base on the seismic behavior of walls are also studied in this paper. Lastly, reasonable strut-and-tie models are developed to help in understanding the force transfer mechanism in the walls tested.     

Guidelines for Authors

Though known primarily for his work on muscle energetics, Archibald Vivian Hill, as discussed below, also made important scientific and pedagogic contributions to nerve physiology.     

Settlement patterns,social complexity and agricultural strategies during the Chalcolithic period in the Northern Negev,Israel

Previous studies have reported a Chalcolithic site distribution pattern in the Northern Negev as clustered, exhibiting a number of characteristics that imply a chiefdom level of organization. However, a recent spatial analysis suggests that in some areas of the Northern Negev, settlement patterns were essentially random and that there is no evidence for regional chiefdom organization. We examine this controversy by closely inspecting the methods of spatial analyses employed by previous researchers, by introducing an additional multiscalar spatial technique, namely Ripley's K-function, and by using updated and modified data. Our results indicate that settlement distributions were essentially clustered, even in small areas along the wadis. Examining the relation between these spatial-dependent distributions and the landscape surroundings revealed that particular physiographic characteristics of the wadis contribute to increscent in site clusters. Furthermore, a general linear model analysis suggests that the distribution of Chalcolithic sites is determined primarily by environmental factors rather than factors related to political organization.     

Deformation of Ancient Buildings inferred by Terrestrial Laser Scanning methodology: the Cantalovo church case study (Northern Italy)*

The study of the health of a building connects humanistic and scientific research, and a complete characterization can be achieved by integrating all the available historical documentation, architectural and metrological studies, as well as laboratory and in situ analyses of the materials. A contactless, non‐invasive surveying technique such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) allows the acquisition of dense and accurate geometric and radiometric (electromagnetic measurements such as signal intensity) information about the observed surface of the building, which can be easily integrated with data provided by high‐resolution digital imaging. The early Christian Cantalovo church was surveyed for the first time in April 2011, by means of the ILRIS‐3D ER very long range scanner. The second and last survey was performed in June 2012, after the main shocks of the Emilia earthquake seismic sequence. A very long range instrument is suitable for fast, simple and independent measurements, due to its technical characteristics and, for this reason, is easily usable for accurate surveying in emergency conditions. The main results are obtained by applying a data analysis strategy based on the creation of TLS‐based morphological maps computed as point‐to‐primitive differences, which allow the creation of a deformation map and its evolution in time.     

The representation of non-Irish immigrants in recent Irish films

This paper examines the representation of ethnic and racial minorities in Celtic Tiger and post-Celtic Tiger films such as Adam and Paul (2004), Pavee Lackeen (2005), Once (2006), The Front Line (2007), and New Boy (2007). Key areas of analysis include: how is immigration represented on screen? Whose character's point of view predominates? How much space do these ethnic minorities occupy in the shot? In order to answer these research questions, I draw on a plurality of theoretical paradigms currently employed in film theory, mainly narrative theory, critical race theory and feminist theory. As I show, the differences between these films are paramount and will inform the different ways in which recent Irish cinema represents racial and ethnic Otherness. In some films, immigrants appear mainly as decorative props and they largely function as cinematic elements which emphasise the marginalisation of other “inner” Irish outsiders, particularly drug addicts and Travellers. By contrast, other films make serious attempts to see “into” or “through” immigrant characters by fictionalising not only the point of view of natives but also of newcomers themselves.     

浙江温州市瓯海杨府山土墩墓的年代及相关问题

杨府山土墩墓出土的青铜礼器、乐器和兵器的年代和性质,对探讨南方地区文化的互动、交融乃至民族的交往具有重要意义。通过对该墓所出鼎、簋、铙、短剑等的具体分析,可以断定这应是一批具有浓郁地域特色的南方系青铜器,时代应在商末周初,墓葬的年代最晚应为西周早期。