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杨忙忙 《文物保护与考古科学》2016,28(4):59-64
为配合西安航天工业园区的建设,2008年陕西省考古研究院凤栖原考古队对园区的汉墓群进行清理时,在K4陪葬坑发现了一件铜漏壶。通过对漏壶的保护修复及表面附着物的显微观察,不但有效地控制了粉状锈,而且还发现了铜漏壶上携带的大量实物信息,这些遗留物到底为何物,与漏壶之间又有怎样的关系,漏壶本身是如何计时的?本研究围绕这些问题展开分析和讨论,为研究西汉当时的生活习俗、社会礼制、丧葬制度及计时水平等提供了重要的参考资料。 相似文献
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墓葬中出土的植物编织物属于有机质文物,通常保存状况极为不佳,通过有机残留物分析确定其材质是后续保护与价值认知的基础。本研究以北白鹅墓地M1020青铜簋上附着的席状编织物为对象,通过纤维显微观察、植硅体分析、液相色谱质谱联用分析等三种方法进行检测分析,结果表明考古样品的生物来源为芦苇。将其与《礼记·丧大记》和《仪礼·既夕礼》等历史文献相对应,并与考古发掘现场的实际情况相结合,推断出该考古样品的性质是用于丧葬场合的苇席,代表着墓主人“士”阶级的身份,且处于椁盖板下棺盖板上作抵御尘土的抗席之用,在整个下葬过程中扮演过重要角色。研究结果提供了春秋早期丧葬用席的实物证据,有助于了解当时的丧葬制度,也为周王朝东迁后社会景观的复原提供了一个切入点。 相似文献
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G.H. Packham I.G. Percival R.B. Rickards A.J. Wright 《Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Paleontology》2013,37(2):251-261
Precordilleran Late Palaeozoic brachiopod genera considered for this palaeobiogeographical analysis belong to four faunal associations: the low diversity Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Protocanites scalabrinii-Azurduya chavelensis Zone; the Late Carboniferous (Bashkirian-Moscovian) Levipustula fauna, which appears in sequences associated with glacial intervals; the latest Carboniferous-earliest Permian (Gzhelian-Asselian) Rhipidomella-Micraphelia and Tuberculatella-Aseptella associations, and the Early Permian (mid to late Asselian) Tivertonia jachalensis-Streptorhynchus inaequiornatus Biozone. The brachiopod affinities of the Precordillera are compared with the biogeographical Late Palaeozoic regions previously suggested by other authors using cluster analysis. During the Bashkirian-Moscovian, the Precordilleran faunas show a high affinity with the Austral Realm because of the presence of the Levipustula faunal elements in Eastern Australia. At the same time the affinity with the central and North American Regions is very low. The Early Permian Precordilleran faunas demonstrate highest affinity with the Gondwanan Realm with several genera also linked to the Tethyan and Boreal Realms. After the Late Carboniferous glacial episodes that affected the southwestern Gondwanan margin, the Precordilleran region underwent climatic amelioration. Subsequently, the Early Permian Precordilleran brachiopod assemblages are characterized by typical cool to cold water genera widely developed in the core Gondwanan Realm, with fewer genera (such as Kochiproductus, Rhynchopora and Neochonetes) suggesting a warmer water influence. The Precordilleran faunas demonstrate an increase in brachiopod diversity from the Carboniferous to the Permian, related to water temperature changes and to the palaeogeographical evolution of the southwestern Gondwanan margin and the movement of Gondwana across the South Pole. 相似文献
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Chia-Ming Chang Thomas M. Frankie Billie F. Spencer Jr. Daniel A. Kuchma 《Journal of Earthquake Engineering》2013,17(2):277-296
This study proposes a high-precision positioning correction method for multiple degree-of-freedom loading units in hybrid simulation. These loading units can impose inaccurate displacements to the specimens due to the elastic deformation at the reaction wall or connections. To compensate for these displacement errors, an online correction method adjusts the displacement command by the difference between the target and achieved displacement. This correction method also accompanies an accurate 6DOF monitoring system to detect the displacement errors. Two examples of hybrid simulation tests are provided to demonstrate the precise displacements attained on the specimens through this control method. 相似文献
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D. A. Lunt 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2013,23(3):310-318
The study of skeletal material recovered from excavations at two distinct early mediaeval cemeteries in St. Andrews, Scotland, resulted in the diagnosis of one individual from each cemetery as having had facies leprosa (leprosy). Radiocarbon dating gave a likely date in the 8th century ad for the Hallow Hill skeleton, and the Kirkhill skull was probably from the same period. Both skulls displayed the full range of classic signs of facies leprosa. The bone changes were slightly different in the two, the maxillary alveolus having been more severely affected in the Hallow Hill skull, whereas the posterior palatal area showed greater damage in the skull from Kirkhill. The skeletons were not segregated but buried in the middle of cemeteries used for the general population, thus supporting previous research in both the history of medicine and human bioarchaeology that suggests that people with leprosy were not necessarily stigmatised in the past. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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NOBUAKI OHMORI NOBORU HARATA 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》2008,99(5):547-561
Generally, travel is considered a demand derived from the desire to engage in activities at destinations and travel time is also considered a wasteful time. However, if people can engage in activities while travelling, travel time is not just a wasteful time but could be a productive time. In recent years, ICTs provide travellers with various activity opportunities while travelling. This paper examined what activities train commuters were engaging in while travelling and what factors of travel environment and passengers’ characteristics caused the difference in activities conducted and desired. Through on‐board observation and questionnaire surveys, we found that difference in travelling mode (standing, sitting in normal/high‐grade/extra‐high‐grade trains), the length of in‐vehicle time and type of work hours affected the participation rate of different types of activities. Train environment with wider personal space and more secure privacy would induce activities restricted in the current travel environment and some commuters prefer to pay extra money to obtain it. 相似文献
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Jeng-Tzong Chen Shing-Kai Kao Yin-Hsiang Hsu Yu Fan 《Journal of Earthquake Engineering》2018,22(1):1-35
The scattering problem of seismic waves is an important issue for studying earthquake engineering. In this paper, the null-field boundary integral equation approach was used in conjunction with degenerate kernels and eigenfunction expansion to solve the SH-wave scattering problem of a circular or an elliptical-arc hill. The original problem is divided into subdomains by taking a free-body diagram. One region is an interior boundary value problem. The other is a canyon scattering problem. For the boundary value problem, not only a simply connected domain (elliptical-arc hill problem) but also a doubly connected domain (a circular-arc hill problem containing a circular tunnel or a circular inclusion) is considered. The canyon scattering problem may be addressed in an infinite domain with an artificial boundary of a full plane such that the degenerate kernel can be fully utilized. The null-field integral equation method is used to match boundary conditions. Numerical results are compared favorably with the available data. 相似文献
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湖北省文物考古研究所 《江汉考古》2009,(1)
大洪山南麓发现的史前遗存不仅数量多、保存好,而且价值高、影响大,是国内外学界广泛关注的探讨中华文明进程的重要热点区域之一.2008年,通过大洪山南麓以石家河为中心的区域进行的系统调查显示,在约150平方公里的区域内集中分布73处史前遗址,我们选择文化堆积单纯的遗址作为基本参数分析聚落规模级差,进一步丰富了我们对于该区域聚落形成发展及变化的认识,并借此加深对大洪山南麓以石家河为中心的史前聚落的数量、规模、年代、文化内涵、分布及其关系等方面的认识,提供分析以石家河古城为核心的聚落形成与发展过程的基础性资料,进而推动该区域文明进程的研究. 相似文献
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As well as joyous liberation, the aftermath of the American landing on Utah Beach in 1944 brought death and destruction to localities throughout the Manche, the westernmost département of Normandy. This article, which forms part of a larger project on post-war revival and reconstruction, examines how eye witnesses recorded these horrific events and then explores the complex ‘emergency phase’ that involved local civilian labour, migrants from elsewhere in France and prisoners of war in erecting temporary accommodation, and removing mines and other explosives. Parallel with these manual tasks came claims for compensation and preparation of plans for rationalizing and rebuilding war-torn towns, villages and farmsteads. Shortages of building materials, appropriate labour and sufficient funds prolonged the process. Now, the scars of destruction have healed, the emergency phase is largely forgotten, and the legacy of post-war reconstruction in the landscape of Normandy is simply taken for granted by most residents and tourists. 相似文献