A Global Journey – Ancel Keys,the FAO,and the Rise of Transnational Heart Disease Epidemiology, 1949–1958

Few people have influenced western eating patterns in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries as much as physiologist and epidemiologist Ancel Keys (1904–2004). Keys not only developed the K Ration for the United States military, but also advocated for diets that lowered blood cholesterol and famously discovered the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet in the 1950s and 1960s. Keys’ interest in the Mediterranean diet arose from his service on the United Nations (UN) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)-World Health Organization (WHO) Joint Expert Committee on Nutrition, which allowed him to explore nutritional status, dietary habits, and regional eating patterns across the globe. This paper examines how Keys’ service as chair of the UN FAO Committee on Caloric Requirements and the UN FAO Expert Committee on Nutrition led him to think globally about the relationship between diet and cardiovascular health, and to launch the first international comparative epidemiological study of diet and heart disease, the Seven Countries Study.     

Seismic Resistance Evaluation of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

The article presents seismic resistance evaluation study of unreinforced brick masonry buildings. The study was carried out as part of the Ph.D. research work of the first author. As part of the study, in addition to the standard laboratory tests, a dynamic field test was carried out on single-story, single-room unreinforced masonry structure. The model structure was tested in actual ground conditions against simulated earthquake vibrations produced through controlled explosions, especially designed for this purpose. Based on masonry properties accrued from lab and field tests, finite element models of the brickwork system were also studied. Finally, the software named, “Shear Damage Index (SDI),” developed as part of this study, was used to plot contours of shear demand (shear stress) to shear capacity (shear strength) ratio on the numerical model and hence to identify potential weak zones in the model for possible strengthening of those locations.     

Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Mechanical/Electrical Equipment with Vibration Isolation Systems

A prototype diesel generator equipped with a vibration isolation system consisting of restrained isolators (denoted as I/system) is quasi-statically and dynamically tested. Sequentially, the seismic simulation tests are conducted to further investigate the effectiveness of additional snubbers incorporated into the vibration isolation system (denoted as I/R system). Comparing the test results to the static design demands specified in ASCE 7-10, the recommended component amplification factor could represent the horizontal acceleration amplification phenomenon of the generator equipped with I/R system; however, the seismic force demands for static design of I/R system might not be appropriate and conservative enough.     

林则徐与新疆史地研究

林则徐不但是近代伟大的爱国者和民族英雄 ,也是研究清代新疆史地的杰出代表。本文着重探讨了林则徐在谪戍新疆时期 ,通过日记、信札、诗词、奏折与杂录等形式开展新疆史地研究的情况 ,内容涉及新疆的历史、道里、形胜、古迹、地名、环境、物产、驻防、屯田和新疆人民生活等。其研究能发前人所未发 ,独树一帜 ,体现了林则徐注重文本与实地结合 ,经世致用和深刻思想性、预见性等多方面特点。     

托忒学--清朝有关边疆民族的专门教育机构

本文主要从两个方面对清朝理藩院(部)培养译才的成安宫三学之一托忒学进行了研究,考察了“托忒学”产生的时代背景、设置经过及其建制。认为这一专门机构是在清朝军机处的呼吁下于乾隆四十六年设置的,这与卫拉特蒙古的强盛及托忒文在中亚诸民族中作为一种外交文字的使用有着密切关系。     

《历史研究》的中国文明观与中国文明起源研究

中国明是汤因比研究比较的非西方明中的重要明形态,他在《历史研究》中多次涉及并作了较为深入的比较研究,提出了自己的看法。汤氏重视研究非西方明重要价值,也有其历史局限。     

欧阳修《昌黎先生集》校勘论略

在宋代众多的校韩者中,欧阳修是极为重要的一家。他重视版本依据,广求善本以资校勘,不仅尽可能多地保存了韩集的面貌,而且对当时韩集校勘过程中出现的主观臆断的风气也是有力的针砭．对后来特别是南宋的韩集校勘起到了示范作用。他将金石学的研究与文字校勘相结合,为金石学的发展拓出了新路,也为校勘找到了一个极富于权威性的方法。     

当"石器研究"成为一门专业:王幼平著《石器研究:旧石器时代考古方法初探》评介

石器研究已经成为史前考古中相当专门的领域,西方学术界许多最具影响的入门指南一直未能在中国得到重视。近年中国旧石器时代考古学者中常有一些有关石器研究基本概念的争论,一方面显示出学界对于石器研究规范化的热情,另一方面也说明中国旧石器研究在基础方法论方面还亟待加强。王幼平著《石器研究:旧石器时代考古方泫初探》是由中国学者撰写的第一部系统介绍石器研究基本方法的著作,在中国旧石器考古学研究史上具有重要意义。     

《国语·晋语八》韦昭注辨正

本文以《国语·晋语》韦昭注为主要研究对象,在前贤时哲研究成果的基础上,揭出<晋语>中21处文本或韦注,认为其中有些是韦注本身的问题,前贤尚未发现;有些是前贤已经发现了的韦注的问题,但尚未给予真正解决;有些则是文献流传过程中出现的问题,虽未必与韦注有关,但涉及对《国语》的理解。本文逐一进行分析、解决。本文讨论《七录序》涉及的两个早期目录学史上的重要问题。《晋中经簿》在四部之外,又分为14卷,具有一定的二级分类意义。《古今书最》记载的图书存佚数字,是王俭而不是阮孝绪本人的统计结果。     

Study Abroad Field Trip Improves Test Performance through Engagement and New Social Networks

Although study abroad trips provide an opportunity for affective and cognitive learning, it is largely assumed that they improve learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a study abroad field trip improved cognitive learning by comparing test performance between the study abroad participants (n = 20) and their peers who did not participate (n = 365). Test performance was statistically identical between these groups before and immediately after the study abroad program. On the final exam, the study abroad participants scored significantly higher. Qualitative methods were used to identify increased engagement with the course material and the creation of new social networks as likely explanations.