翠华山水湫池及其附近崩塌堆积形成年代探疑

通过对相关史料的分析,论证了翠华山主景区崩塌堆积不可能是唐天宝年间地震诱发山崩形成的。通过实地考察,认为这些崩塌堆积不是同时发生,而是多期崩塌活动的结果,并且崩塌活动又都发生在水湫池被堰塞成湖之后。因此,水湫池不可能是唐代的地震山崩形成的。     

对开发青海湖旅游产品的分析与探索

文章在对青海湖旅游产品开发现状及其可行性进行科学评价和研究的基础上,提出了开发青海湖旅游产品的基本原则和基本思路。     

Archaeology of the Early 19th‐Century American Steamboat Phoenix

In September 1819, the passenger steamboat Phoenix caught fire on Lake Champlain and sank off of Colchester Shoal, Vermont, depositing a store of archaeological data on the design and use of early American steamers. The wreck is believed to be the earliest example of a steamboat that has yet been investigated archaeologically, and has been used as a case study for the early development of steam propulsion in North America.     

Adaptations to life in freshwater for Mioceratodus gregoryi,a lungfish from Redbank Plains,an Eocene locality in southeast Queensland,Australia

Kemp, A., December 2017. Adaptations to life in freshwater for Mioceratodus gregoryi, a lungfish from Redbank Plains, an Eocene locality in southeast Queensland, Australia. Alcheringa 42, 306–311. ISSN 0311-5518

Few Cenozoic lungfish fossils consist of articulated, associated bones and tooth plates. Mioceratodus gregoryi from the Paleogene (Eocene) deposit of the Redbank Plains Formation in southeast Queensland is unusual in this respect because the fossil includes tooth plates and elements of the skull. An analysis of the material and reconstruction of the skull and associated skeletal material provides new insights into the fish and its environment. The fish has a mandible with a wide separation between the lower tooth-bearing bones, and a strong ceratohyal bone. This suggests that, like the extant Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, the fossil fish had a moveable basihyal that could be inserted between the prearticular bones to seal the oral cavity. This would have allowed the fish to draw food, air and water into the mouth, and dig holes by sucking mud into the oral cavity and blowing it out again, all useful attributes for a fish that lived in a shallow freshwater lake. The living Australian lungfish has similar structures in the mandible and hyoid apparatus, and performs comparable actions. The occipital ribs, also preserved in the Redbank Plains fossil, are embedded in hypaxial muscles and not moveable. It is unlikely that these ribs have any influence on the suctorial process in these two species.

Anne Kemp [a.kemp@griffith.edu.au] Environmental Futures Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.     

鄞县东钱湖南宋神道石刻艺术初探

浙江鄞县东钱湖南宋神道石刻是我国规模最大、艺术最精的石刻艺术群之一，对于研究南宋时期的雕塑艺术，了解时人的精神风貌具有重要的价值。     

基于旅游调控规划的湖泊旅游环境评价研究——以云南高原湖泊为例

旅游环境是旅游研究的重要领域之一,而湖泊环境是湖滨开发旅游的最核心的要素之一。随着旅游业成为云南主导产业,云南高原的主要湖泊都已开发为旅游区。本文对云南高原主要湖泊的水质、噪声、大气环境、垃圾处理、旅游容量利用强度和绿化率等环境监测数据进行了定量分析,这些指标表明云南各主要湖滨旅游区的环境质量都存在一定的问题。造成目前主要湖滨旅游区生态环境质量问题的原因是多方面的,但是湖滨旅游度假区正日益成为湖泊污染的一大源头。本文通过资料对比分析,说明和验证了各主要湖泊湖滨旅游区环境效应的影响程度和范围,为湖区旅游环境的调控规划提供了基础支撑作用。     

Hydrogeochemical dynamics affecting steam‐heated pools at El Chichón Crater (Chiapas – Mexico)

El Chichón is an active volcano located in the north‐western Chiapas, southern Mexico. The crater hosts a lake, a spring, named Soap Pool, emerging from the underlying volcanic aquifer and several mud pools/hot springs on the internal flanks of the crater which strongly interact with the current fumarolic system (steam‐heated pools). Some of these pools, the crater lake and a cold spring emerging from the 1982 pumice deposits, have been sampled and analysed. Water–volcanic gas interactions determine the heating (43–99°C) and acidification (pH 2–4) of the springs, mainly by H₂S oxidation. Significantly, in the study area, a significant NH₃ partial pressure has been also detected. Such a geochemically aggressive environment enhances alteration of the rock in situ and strongly increases the mineralization of the waters (and therefore their electrical conductivity). Two different mineralization systems were detected for the crater waters: the soap pool‐lake (Na⁺/Cl^? = 0.4, Na/Mg>10) and the crater mud pools (Na⁺/Cl^? > 10, Na/Mg < 4). A deep boiling, Na⁺‐K⁺‐Cl^?‐rich water reservoir generally influences the Soap Pool‐lake, while the mud pool is mainly dominated by water‐gas–rock interactions. In the latter case, conductivity of sampled water is directly proportional to the presence of reactive gases in solution. Therefore, chemical evolution proceeds through neutralization due to both rock alteration and bacterial oxidation of ammonium to nitrate. The chemical compositions show that El Chichón aqueous fluids, within the crater, interact with gases fed by a geothermal reservoir, without clear additions of deep magmatic fluids. This new geochemical dataset, together with previously published data, can be used as a base line with which to follow‐up the activity of this deadly volcano.     

文献校释与盐湖地理现象复原——《水经·涑水注》安邑盐池“(潭)[渾]而不流”个案考察

本文根据盐湖卤水的地球化学特征以及盐湖生态系统等盐湖知识和理论,结合古人对盐湖湖色和浑浊度相关记载,校正《水经·涑水注》安邑盐池文字当为"紫色澄渟,渾而不流"。该段文字反映了盐湖在特定时间段内盐度增高,而盐度变化引起盐湖生物链顶端的优势种群卤虫体内产生红色素,进而将卤水染成紫色或者深红色;同时,这些悬浮于高浓度卤水中的卤虫,极大地影响了湖水对光线的吸收和散射,带来湖水浑浊的盐湖地理现象。郦道元提取了盐湖湖表卤水湖色和浑浊度的感官性状指标,强调其在盐天然结晶前的指标作用,是传统时代汉文文献中记载结晶前高盐度卤水中湖色和浑浊度变化精度最高的文本。     

湖泊流域社会生态系统脆弱性时空演变及调控研究——以滇池为例

脆弱性研究领域不断从自然生态系统向社会自然复合系统扩展,从社会生态系统视角动态化和人文化地研究脆弱性已成为趋势。湖泊流域是多层级的复合的社会生态系统,从流域角度、社会生态系统层面、体制机制维度,综合分析社会生态系统脆弱性的驱动机制,对系统治理和源头治理湖泊流域具有重大意义。文章以滇池为例,将"压力-状态-响应"模型和"暴露度-敏感性-恢复力"模型结合,构建脆弱性分析框架和评价模型,探寻湖泊流域社会生态系统脆弱性时空演变规律和脆弱性驱动机制,提出了湖泊流域脆弱性调控和区域可持续发展的思路。     

安徽省“两山一湖”旅游区联动发展机制与对策研究

文章认为 ,安徽省“两山一湖”旅游区是资源型旅游地 ,是安徽省旅游资源最密集的地区和安徽省旅游业的重点地区。由于本地区地脉、文脉一致 ,旅游资源和旅游产品互补 ,旅游市场互动互补 ,本地客源有限 ,但邻近中国最大的客源市场和旅游目的地长江三角洲 ,必须联动开发旅游资源。只有优先建设外部快速交通 ,按照“两山一湖”旅游区一盘棋的原则建设各具特色的旅游地 ,构建“两山一湖”旅游形象 ,加强管理 ,搞好市场营销 ,才能使得“两山一湖”旅游业有更大的发展。