资源系统支撑下的乡村旅游地多中心治理研究

乡村旅游地开发已经成为农村经济发展的积极政策选择。本文立足资源与环境的约束,探索根据公共型、公用型和私人型三类不同乡村旅游地形态,分别构建稳健的多中心治理结构,通过“官、产、民、学、媒”等利益主体不同模式下的职能划分与协作互促实现利益均衡和价值最大化,促进乡村旅游地可持续开发目标的实现。     

New Indices for the Existing City-Centers Streets Network Reliability and Availability Assessment in Earthquake Emergency

During earthquake emergencies in existing city-centers, streets network permits inhabitants to reach safe areas, and rescuers to access damaged zones and help population. However, the network can suffer from blocks due to debris of collapsed or heavily damaged buildings. Understanding urban fabric modifications and classifying elements vulnerability are fundamental steps while dealing with risk-assessment and risk-reduction strategies. This article offers a first quick approach for assessing seismic vulnerability of paths network by considering interferences with building heritage damages. Quick data about existing urban fabric (e.g., buildings typology; streets and buildings geometries) are combined for developing new vulnerability indices for streets network. The earthquake macroseismic intensity is introduced for evaluating probable street blockages and summarizing the overall rating of risks in critical network locations, thus intensity that is not included in other current quick methods for streets-building interference is here taken into account. Risk-reduction strategies based on the proposed indices could minimize the interventions on architectural heritage, maximizing the safety of evacuees. These new indices could be combined with traditional assessment of buildings vulnerability, and evaluations on pedestrians’ and vehicles evacuation flows, for evaluating management strategies.     

Seismic vulnerability assessment of historical centers at urban scale

Seismic prevention and mitigation of historical centers have gained a central position within earthquake engineering topics, particularly in areas such as Italy, Greece, and Portugal. Many historical towns in these countries have been strongly damaged, due to the high quantity of old buildings and urban structures and infrastructures. In this article, these aspects are described, modeled, and investigated in terms of structural safety, the goal being the set-up of a comprehensive strategy for seismic prevention and mitigation of a whole historical center. The proposed approach is based on two relevant parts: the first is an urban risk assessment, the second is a prioritization of retrofitting interventions so as to optimally increase urban safety.

The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is shown with reference to a complex case study, the historical center of “Montebello di Bertona”. It is initially modeled as a series/parallel system and then studied by applying seismic reliability methods. Seismic retrofitting interventions are finally prioritized.     

中国产业在东亚的优势及结构调整

中国产业的发展已进入了按国际分工构来选择和实施战略性调整的关键时期。本文采用比较优势指数及贸易特化系数,分析了中国与东亚各国和地区贸易中工业制品的比较优势及竞争优势的状况,指出中国与东亚的产业国际分工的特征、竞争与互补关系以及如何重构中国产业竞争优势的问题。     

伟人故里“红三角”旅游产业优化研究

湖南省韶山、花明楼、乌石红三角是伟人毛泽东、刘少奇、彭德怀的故乡,是极具盛名的革命纪念地和国内外最具影响力的红色旅游品牌。本文较全面分析了红三角旅游产业规模较大、旅游产品已趋成熟、旅游品牌知名度很高、旅游设施较为齐全的良好发展态势;同时客观指出了红三角所存在的旅游产业发展水平不高、旅游产品单一、旅游管理体制不畅、旅游发展水平不平衡等问题;在此基础上,提出了红三角旅游产业优化的基本思路,即优化旅游开发空间布局、构建红色旅游产品体系、培育全国红色旅游第一品牌、策划红色旅游重大开发项目、构建旅游产业集群、加强旅游区域联动、创新旅游管理体制,以促进红三角旅游业可持续发展。     

中国乡村旅游驱动力因子及其系统优化研究

我国乡村旅游系统主要由城市居民、农民、旅游业、政府4个子系统构成。各个子系统在乡村旅游中的基本诉求,形成了乡村旅游的需求动力、供给动力、营销动力和扶持动力,构成了乡村旅游发展的核心动力系统。文章通过对乡村旅游动力系统中8个驱动因子的分析,认为各个驱动因子间存在一定的摩擦,影响系统效能的发挥,并给出了相应的系统优化建议。     

巧用多媒体优化小学语文教学

充分运用现代信息技术,能优化教学过程,提高语文学科教学水平。多媒体作为一种现代化信息技术的教学手段,在小学语文教学中被广泛运用。它以形象具体的“图、文、声、像”来创造教学的人文情景,使抽象的教学内容具体化、清晰化,使学生的思维活跃,兴趣盎然地参与教学活动,使其重视实践操作,科学地记忆知识,并且有助于学生发挥学习的主动性,积极思考,使教师以教为主变成学生以学为主,从而提高教学质量。     

旅游景区项目投资决策方法优化研究

从旅游景区项目投资决策所面临的问题入手,结合当前旅游景区项目投资决策方法与现实的冲突,本文论证了旅游景区项目投资决策方法优化的必要性。在分析旅游景区项目投资特征的基础上,本文认为,引入实物期权理论与当前景区项目投资决策方法相结合,是对景区项目投资决策方法的优化。     

上海博物馆明清家具接榫修复及其力学原理

榫卯结构是中国古代木构家具的核心。由于古木家具的材料易朽烂和吸湿膨胀等缺陷,且节点几何形式多样,使节点处于复杂的应力状态,导致榫卯容易拔出或断损。针对此类问题,首先在对上海博物馆收藏的明清家具展开调查研究的基础上,分析了馆藏古木家具的破坏形式,并提出了以接榫为主的修复方案;其次利用连续介质力学的理论分析、数值模拟和性能试验,阐述了接榫修复的力学机理,验证了原有修复方案的科学性与正确性;最后,依据力学模型对馆内已有的修复方案进行了优化。     

哈大产业带产业结构调整优化及重点产业发展

哈大产业带是东北区的人口和产业密集带,是东北区的核心地带。文章分析了该产业带的产业发展优势,指出了产业发展存在的问题。根据产业结构调整优化原则与重点产业选择原则,结合定量分析,制定了产业结构调整优化方案,选出了重点产业。哈大产业带重点产业是农业及农产品加工业、机械工业、石化工业、高新技术产业、第三产业,本文探讨了各重点产业的发展思路与发展重点。