“An Irregular and Inconvenient Pile of Buildings”: The Destitute Asylum of Adelaide, South Australia and the English Workhouse

The Destitute Asylum of Adelaide, South Australia, was the subject of a rescue excavation in 1983. This paper seeks to explore the possibilities for further archaeological research that can arise from a reconsideration of reports generated by such excavations. Using documents, plans, photographs, and the Asylum buildings as material culture in much the same way as artifacts are used, the research focuses on the questions of space and room use within the Destitute Asylum.     

21世纪的社区地理学

本文简述了社区地理学的形成、研究现状和面临的形势,对21世纪的社区地理学进行了展望。指出21世纪的社区地理学有12个热点课题,即:(1)社区发展合作组织;(2)社区发展;(3)社区环境;(4)社区规划;(5)社区管理;(6)农村社区城市化;(7)城市社区病态;(8)社区贫困;(9)社区经济;(10)社区文化;(11)精神社区;(12)虚拟社区。从目前世界范围内的社区发展运动看,从21世纪社区地理学研究的领域看,21世纪将是社区地理学的大发展时代。     

ON SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINESE AND EUROPEAN RED WARES

When in the seventeenth and eighteenth century Chinese red ware from Yixing was imported into Europe, imitations of that ware, some of them delusively similar to the originals, were made in the Netherlands, Saxony, and England. With non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (ED-XFA) the Chinese and different European red wares can be easily separated by comparing the patterns of their calcium oxide, manganese oxide, and lead contents. They also have density characteristics of their own.     

20世纪中国的四次实证史学思潮

中国20世纪共经历了四次实证史学思潮：世纪初的“为历史而治历史”思潮,二三十年代的“把历史学语言学建设得和地质学、生物学等同样’’的新历史考证学,80年代初的“回到乾嘉时代”,90年代的“振兴国学”与“南北二陈”。四次实证史学思潮各有其特点和现实针对性,而学科化建设和科学化道路则是贯穿20世纪中国史学始终的两大主题。但是,考据毕竟只是手段,不是目的,实证史学已经不能适应社会变革和学术发展对历史学的要求。     

The Adelaar: a Dutch East-Indiaman Wrecked in 1728 off Barra, Outer Hebrides, Scotland

The Adelaar , a Dutch East-Indiaman outward bound from Middleburg to Batavia, was wrecked on Greian Head, Barra, in Scotland's Outer Hebrides in 1728. Although heavily salvaged at the time, and situated in an extremely dynamic location, the wreck demonstrates that exposed sites can retain meaningful levels of archaeological integrity, and historically valid conclusions can be drawn from them.
© 2005 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

20世纪初期城市知识阶层收入状况初探

20世纪初期,中国城市社会群体结构发生了巨大的变化,出现了公务员、编辑、记者、教师、医生、职员、经理、工程技术人员、自由职业者等新型的知识群体,作为社会雇员阶层,他们的劳动报酬决定着他们个人的声望和社会地位。由他们的劳动往往对生产力发展和城市社会进步有较大促进作用,其收入报酬要比普通劳动者高出许多。本文通过对知识阶层收入状况的研究,探讨该时期城市知识阶层能够为城市近代化所做的贡献。     

20世纪中国农业与农村变迁的跨学科考察--中国农业历史学会第九次学术研讨会综述

在南京举行的中国农业历史学会第九次学术研讨会,集中讨论了20世纪中国农业和农村变迁问题,涉及政治、经济、社会、技术、生态等方面。交叉性、时代性、前瞻性,是本次研讨会的主要特点。     

Excavating Utopia: Why Archaeologists Should Study “Ideal” Communities of the Nineteenth Century

The study of utopias is riddled with contradictions: we admire and fear them; they are a radical critique of the modernist societies that surround them, and yet they are in some ways the archetypal product of modernity. This paper suggests that studying Utopia could be of value in analyzing some of the complexities and contradictions of Western society and ideology in the nineteenth century, as well as causing us to question some of the preconceptions we regularly bring to the study of the archaeological past. Finally I will suggest that a different kind of nineteenth century, one which includes the radical dissent and resistance of utopian thinkers and experimenters, provides a strong basis for a critique of the social values of modern capitalism.     

论20世纪资本主义发展的制约因素

20世纪资本主义发展的制约因素,主要有以下十个方面：科学技术革命、现代化进程、市场与政府、经济发展和经济周期、现代化和改革、经济结构和社会结构、现代社会保障、经济全球化和区域化、政治民主化和思想文化多元化、战争与和平。     

20世纪中国的史学方法论研究

20世纪中国史学方法论研究,是一笔丰厚的史学遗产。从梁启超的《新史学》,到三四十年代一系列史学理论方法论读本的出版,再到当代台湾的史学方法论研究,是新史学派史学方法发展的大体脉络。从李大钊对马克思主义历史观的介绍和宣传,到郭沫若所代表的开始用马克思主义研究中国历史的尝试和实践,再到翦伯赞的《历史哲学教程》的出版,标志着中国马克思主义史学发展的第一阶段;从50到70年代是马克思主义史学方法广泛普及和曲折发展的时期;改革开放以后的20年,是中国马克思主义史学史上方法论研究空前繁荣和活跃的时期。总结百年来的史学方法论研究,给新世纪史学发展留下了诸多启示。