Sovereignty in the North Moluccas: Historical Transformations

The re-establishment of the Sultanates of Ternate and Tidore (North Moluccas) in the wake of the political decentralization in Indonesia was accompanied in 1999 by violent confrontations of Muslims and Christians, in which the Sultans reactivated their “traditional” sovereign claims on their former overseas dependencies in Halmahera. This article examines the representations and ritual exchanges, in terms of which from the mid-nineteenth century onwards sovereignty used to be conceptualized and enacted in the societies concerned. Focusing on the monetary dimensions of these models of sovereignty and tributary relations, it analyzes the interventions that were implemented successively by the Sultanate of Ternate, the Dutch Colonial Government and missionaries of the Dutch Reformed Protestant Church. It is argued that these interventions eventually resulted in transformations of the diarchically structured and cosmologically authorized models of sovereignty into religiously grounded claims at universal sovereignty, thus paving the way for inter-religious violence.     

Book Reviews

Tolley, R. and Turton, B. (1995), Transport Systems, Policy and Planning. A Geographical Approach
Soja, E.W. (1996), Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined Places
Cole, J. (1996), Geography of the World's Major Regions
Roberts, B.K. (1966), Landscapes of Settlement, Prehistory to the Present
Greed, Clara H. (1994), Women and Planning—Creating Gendered Realities
Auty, R.M. (1995), Patterns of Development. Resources, policy and economic growth     

Food, drink and ritualised communication in the household of Eleanor de Montfort, February to August 1265

This article investigates the use of feasts and gifts of food in the household of Eleanor de Montfort between February and August 1265. In his influential The dangers of ritual, Philippe Buc argued, through a study of early medieval chronicles, that rituals in medieval Europe were regularly targets for disruption and aggressive manipulation either in practice or in the texts reporting the rituals. This article tests Buc’s thesis against administrative records from thirteenth-century England. The evidence from Eleanor’s household accounts is illuminated through a study of contemporary literary sources and didactic texts. It concludes that the administrative records indicate that rituals in practice were less habitually the subject of manipulation and conflict than the literary evidence indicates.     

The mead-hall community

The paper provides background context to the Anglo-Saxon concept of the ‘mead-hall’, the role of conspicuous consumption in early medieval society and the use of commensality to strengthen horizontal and vertical social bonds. Taking as its primary starting point the evidence of the Old English verse tradition, supported by linguistic and archaeological evidence and contemporary comparative material, the paper draws together contemporaneous and modern insights into the nature of feasting as a social medium. The roles of the ‘lord’ and ‘lady’ as community leaders are examined, with particular regard to their position at the epicentre of radiating social relationships. Finally, the inverse importance of the mead-hall as a declining social institution and a developing literary construct is addressed.     

社会主义城市的空间实践——上海工人新村(1949-1978)

本文以"历史-空间-社会"的三重视角对1949-1978年上海工人新村的"缘起"、"建造过程"以及"对城市空间和社会生活的影响"进行了分析。揭示了受国家财政和地方工业化政策的影响,带有"社会主义理想"和"为工人阶级服务"双重目标的新村计划在实施过程中出现了明显的"非连续性"特征。从数量上看,三十年(1949-1978)的新村建造没能真正的解决上海工人阶级的住房困难;另一方面,作为社会主义时期上海城市改造的主体,工人新村也成为落实新政权的政治意愿、经济政策和社会理想的重要手段,新村的大规模建造对城市空间结构与社会生活也产生着持续而深刻的影响。     

普通高等院校旅游教育实践教学之中外比较

关于旅游教育实践教学改革与发展的议题,多年来一直是产学研三方关注的热点,但目前关于教育实践教学的研究仍处于起步阶段。借鉴国外的先进经验,结合我国的自身特色,进一步研究旅游实践教学的改革势在必行。本文从实践教学所涵盖的见习、随堂实习、专业考察、专业实习、研究性实习、社会实践几方面入手,分析我国目前旅游教育实践教学现状以及存在的问题,引入国外旅游教育实践教学的成功范例,进而试图寻找出既汲取国外先进经验,又是基于我国国情、各院校具体情况的旅游实践教学发展出路。     

浙江景宁畲族做圣科采录报告

畲族主要分布于我国东南沿海地区,至今仍保存有不少本民族特有的文化,为亡者做圣科及拔伤的规仪则是其中之一。首次采集和整理出畲族人做圣科仪式的全过程,是一次对口头非物质文化遗产抢救、保护、传承的有益尝试,它为研究畲民俗文化提供了一份难得的标本。     

“非正常”的文化标签下“同志”社会空间的生产——以广州市X公园“同志渔场”为例

性少数群体对于城市空间的利用是城市研究中的新兴话题。这类研究主要探讨"非主流"的社会身份如何通过对特定的社会空间的利用,引发空间意义的生产及社会关系的建构。本文以广州市X公园的"同志渔场"为案例,研究男同性恋者对于城市公共空间的利用与体验。研究认为,X公园的"同志渔场"不仅给性少数群体提供了性身份暂时解放的空间,亦是其不断体验自身"非正常"的身份标签的空间。同志的空间实践体现的不是对于主流的社会规范的抵抗。相反,他们的空间实践是明显地处在"非正常"这一身份标签的作用之下的。     

试论费宏的思想与学术

费宏是政治家,而不以学术名家.他的学术思想以孔子儒学为基础,以程朱理学为依归,接受丘濬的影响,心仪真德秀之学,推尊<大学衍义>.政治上,他与王阳明对立,因而在学术上,对王氏心学之诱惑愚诞、背弃圣贤亦持否定态度.他的政治思想体现在正君爱民的治国之道、严体宽济的刑罚之道、损上益下的富民之道、崇教进学的育人之道等方面.     

中古家训的社会价值分析

本文通过对《颜氏家训》和司马光《家范》两者的篇目设置、关注重点、治家原则以及家族命运的担忧与期望诸问题进行讨论,分析中古家训的社会价值,借以阐释中古社会历史发展的趋势特征。