Gendered Couchsurfing: women from Western Europe and East-Asia contesting de-sexualised cosmopolitanism

Couchsurfing is a social-networking site for hospitality exchange. To promote the site, the organizer, Couchsurfing.org, creates the discourse of Couchsurfing cosmopolitanism to emphasize the value of sharing with strangers and tolerance of cultural difference in Couchsurfing practice. This study argues that the discourse production is under a patriarchal system, in which the experience about women’s fear of men’s harassment and according practice are concealed. By conceptualizing the sexed-and-gendered body in Couchsurfing, this study exposes the power, knowledge and social relation in the cross-cultural context of Couchsurfing, represented not only in women’s feeling, performance and interaction but also in their embodied cosmopolitanism. The comparison between with Western-European and East-Asian women’s experience is also included in the analysis. It highlights the effects of the gender role inscribed on women’s body which makes a difference in women’s cross-cultural interaction as well as their embodied cosmopolitanism.     

Suit of power: fashion,politics, and hegemonic masculinity in Australia

In 2010 the Australian Labor Party selected Julia Gillard as leader, making her Australia’s first female Prime Minister. Between 2010 and 2015 there was a renewed focus on issues of gender inequality in the way that women politicians have been treated in Parliament and in the media. Specifically, women in positions of political and institutional power such as Julia Gillard, Julie Bishop, and Quentin Bryce, were critiqued on their clothing choices in the Australian media. In this article, I argue that the Australian media’s attention to the fashion choices of women in politics is problematically gendered, because it subordinates aesthetic features that do not conform to hegemonic masculinity. I argue that in response to the dominant masculine aesthetic norm in politics, women politicians are using their sartorial choices to challenge this marginalisation of femininity in the political sphere.     

培育和造就新型农民是建设社会主义新农村的根本

新型农民是社会主义新农村建设成功的保证,是统筹城乡发展、深化农村改革、发展农村公共事业、增加农民收入的决定性力量。实现农业和农村现代化,需要培养、造就千千万万高素质的新型农民。当前,我国农村劳动力平均受教育年限较短,整体素质不高。要依托产业发展对农民开展农业实用技术培训和职业技能培训,同时积极引导和教育农民遵纪守法、提高修养、崇尚科学、移风易俗,使之成为“有文化、懂技术、会经营”的新型农民。把以人为本落实到建设新农村中去,就是要以农民为主体,不仅关注、关心农民,更要塑造、发展农民,把农民塑造成权利的主体、责任的主体。只有这样,才能最广泛、最充分地调动农民建设新农村的积极性、主动性和创造性。     

从异地空间到异质空间——90后中国女性旅游者身体的自我建构

旅游作为休闲活动为空间中的身体实践提供了特定情境,且伴随技术迭代,旅游者可“置身”于地理实体空间与数字虚拟空间。本文选取90后中国女性为研究对象,探究其身体于旅游异地空间和虚拟异质空间中的自我建构;采用深度访谈法并对访谈文本进行扎根理论分析,研究发现：①90后女性具身化模型由内外两个维度构成,身体唤醒、身体建构等构成内部维度,场域空间、自他认知等构成外部维度;②尽管90后女性逐步唤起身体的自我意识,打破女性身体在消费主义影响下产生的“商品化”“神话化”现象,但其身体仍受到日常审美标准与他者监视的压迫。     

六安双墩一号汉墓出土耳杯的髹漆工艺研究

为研究六安双墩一号汉墓出土的漆器工艺特点,利用超景深三维显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪和傅立叶红外光谱仪等仪器对木胎和夹纻胎耳杯残片进行了分析测试。结果表明,耳杯的结构由内表面漆膜、内侧漆灰、胎体、外侧漆灰和外表面漆膜组成。木胎耳杯以榆木为胎,夹纻胎耳杯中的纺织品为麻类。红色漆膜的呈色物质为硫化汞。木胎耳杯漆灰层薄而细腻,填料主要为石英、钠长石和云母,夹纻胎耳杯漆灰层掺杂了大颗粒无机矿物,填料主要为骨灰、石英和钠长石。不同胎体的耳杯体现了不同的工艺特点。     

古陶瓷元素成分分析技术定量方法的探讨

随着古陶瓷科学技术分析研究的不断深入,不同分析技术间数据的交流和借鉴成为必然。本工作主要从技术角度分析目前国内用于古陶瓷分析研究常见的几种科学分析技术的测量偏差来源,并对测量分析中的相关问题进行了探讨。在针对古陶瓷样品不均匀性要求方面,比较了几种分析技术实验条件的选择,指出适合于古陶瓷分析测量束斑的大小为φ2-3mm。结合上博实验室ED-XRF技术用于古陶瓷胎样品定量分析方法工作,详尽探讨了古陶瓷胎样品的原始样和粉末压片样的定量分析,指出古陶瓷中的“气孔效应”是造成两类样品不能公用标准样品的原因。     

蓬莱阁丹崖山岩体加固保护技术研究

探讨了我国大型古建筑群的基础岩体出现裂隙、破碎带、危岩体、负地形、崩塌、滑坡等相关病害成因,介绍了水平锚杆加固危岩体技术、斜锚杆加固海蚀洞技术、喷锚挂网处理表层破碎带技术、锚索加固城墙、表面作旧保护特色地貌等技术的研制和实施。     

A case of ‘butterfly’ vertebra from Sardinia

We describe a rare congenital malformation of the spine known as ‘butterfly’ vertebra, which is classified as a congenital developmental anomaly in the early embryonic period, resulting in a sagittally cleft vertebral body. In our case, the anomaly affects an adult female and involves the fifth lumbar vertebra and first sacral vertebra; it is not associated with other anomalies of the spine. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于X射线断层扫描技术的金漆葫芦式盒工艺研究

对漆器文物的内在结构及表面漆层的观察分析,是研究文物病害形成原因和传统制作工艺的重要途径。通过X射线成像技术,可在不损伤文物的情况下,观察文物内在的纹理结构,分析其原工艺制作方法。故本研究通过对文物X射线图像进行解析,分析金漆漆盒的胎体结构和文物的伤况成因,并对比文献记载中漆器胎底制作的差异性,尝试通过重构3D模型图片的方式直观展现文物木胎结构。研究漆器制作工艺和表层病害,有利于分析漆器文物制作工艺对文物病害的影响。相关的研究成果在日后文物保护中可以有针对性地用于分析文物伤况并制定科学严谨的修复方案,还可为以后的文物研究和工艺分析提供资料。     

Interpreting Urban Food Supply and Distribution Systems from Faunal Assemblages: An Example from Colonial Massachusetts

Animal bone assemblages from four historical sites in eastern Massachusetts are analysed in a comparative framework to interpret aspects of urban food systems. Characteristics of the urban environment and the nature of food supply and exchange systems are interpreted from taxonomic representation, body part representation, butchery patterns, and age and seasonal slaughtering patterns. These analyses show that specialized husbandry to supply urban markets was limited during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and that many aspects of urban food distribution systems followed traditional rural patterns. A model that explores the relation between patterning of bone collections and characteristics of urban areas is applicable to other studies of urban assemblages. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.