Shifting monument production chains and the implications for gravestone design on Prince Edward Island, 1820–2005

This paper examines changing gravestone design in Prince Edward Island (PEI) (1820–2005) and relates these changes to changing modes of production in the monument industry. Information from field surveys, newspaper advertisements and business correspondence reveals how supply-side factors helped shape the morphogenesis of the island's cemetery landscapes. Among these, different sources of raw materials and manufacturing innovations over time resulted in the use of harder, more durable types of stone. With these changes, gravestone production and design moved increasingly away from local monument works towards off-island producers in Vermont, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Since the early 20^th century, PEI's gravestone suppliers vertically integrated along Fordist mass-production lines and increased choices available to local monument sellers and their consumers.     

花厅墓地研究

根据陶器类型学研究,把花厅墓地分为四期。把拥有玉琮、玉梳背饰、玉项饰的墓作为大型墓,把拥有玉镯、环等装饰品的墓作为中型墓,把只有陶石器等的墓作为小型墓。根据形态分析,把随葬陶器分为大汶口式、良渚式、薛家岗式、大汶口一良渚式和大汶口一薛家岗式五类,把玉器分为良渚式、花厅式和融合式三类。从死者头向、葬猪习俗、随葬品组合等方...     

An African-Type Healer/Diviner and His Grave Goods: A Burial from a Plantation Slave Cemetery in Barbados, West Indies

An adult male buried in the late 1600s or early 1700s and excavated from a plantation slave cemetery in Barbados had the cemetery's richest assortment of grave goods: an iron knife, several types of metal jewelry, an earthenware pipe, and a necklace of money cowries, fish vertebrae, dog canine teeth, European glass beads, and a large carnelian bead probably from India. Most of these artifacts are unique to New World African descendant sites. The individual was probably an African-type diviner/healer whose high status in the slave community is reflected in his relatively elaborate artifact inventory.     

西司马墓地与殷遗民

西司马墓地中部偏西的82座墓葬,从出土器物、葬制葬俗来看,年代应为西周早期,最早可到武王时期,最晚不出成王时期,墓主应是殷遗民。其中西向墓和南向墓应分属两族,二者在墓葬形态和财富上有着较为明显的差异。西司马殷遗民墓地很可能就是武王时期迁徙殷遗民政策的结果。     

西汉陵邑人物的地域分布初探

西汉陵邑是以西汉帝后陵为中心建造的专供守陵、护陵和祭祀之用的特别行政区。随着西汉政治经济的发展,陵邑居民构成发生了明显的变化,在政治上强干弱枝以拱卫京师,经济上提高农业技术、增进商业发展,文化上推行教育、提升当地文化素质的同时促进了关中地区民风多样化。本文通过分析西汉各个时期陵邑各类人物地域分布的不同,讨论其历史地理原因及对西汉社会的影响。     

郑州四方汇泽清华·紫光园小区东周墓发掘简报

2009年7月-9月,郑州市文物考古研究院对河南四方汇泽清华.紫光园小区经济适用房项目工程内古文化遗迹进行了考古发掘,清理东周墓葬28座。墓葬均为长方形竖穴土坑墓,有棺椁,个别墓葬有头箱和腰坑。葬式以仰身直肢为主,另有仰身屈肢和俯身直肢葬。随葬器物组合为鬲、盂、豆、罐。对研究郑州地区东周墓葬形制具有重要价值。     

江苏溧阳神墩遗址发掘简报

溧阳神墩遗址位于太湖西部,经先后三次考古发掘,发现马家浜文化相对完整的氏族公共墓地,清理出马家浜文化时期墓葬252座,婴儿瓮棺葬16座,房址10座,灰坑90个,灰沟1条,良渚文化墓葬9座,商周时期灰坑12个,灰沟1条。该遗址为重新认识马家浜文化的分期、分区、分界、类型和文化变迁过程提供了极其重要的材料。     

甘肃临潭县磨沟齐家文化墓地

在磨沟齐家文化墓地共发掘墓葬346座,以竖穴偏室墓居多,也有部分竖穴土坑墓。竖穴土坑墓多为单人葬。竖穴偏室墓以单偏室居多,多为合葬,也有少量单人葬。随葬品多为陶器,还有部分工具和装饰品,随葬陶器明显可分为两组。此墓地的发掘,为齐家文化及其埋葬习俗的研究提供了十分重要的新资料。     

宣汉罗家坝墓地再研究

宣汉罗家坝墓地的年代当在战国中期至战国末期。墓葬形制、葬具与葬俗,以及随葬品的器用特征显示,罗家坝当为蜀文化墓地,而非此前公认的巴賨文化墓地。达州宣汉一带在历史时期地理优势突出,战国中期早段M33的突现为《史记》所载蜀伐楚及取南郑的两次军事行动提供了考古学证明。秦灭巴蜀前夕,开明蜀国盛极而衰,无力东顾,罗家坝邑聚因此骤然贫困化。秦灭巴蜀至战国晚期中段,正值秦楚在长江一线的拉锯,罗家坝的军事组织因此得以保留。只是墓地的平民化特征依旧突出,且蜀文化仍然占据主导,反映出秦对巴蜀既笼络又防范的统治政策。白起拔郢,楚国东迁,次年张若又取巫、黔中,罗家坝或因此彻底失去了作为军事驻地的价值,故在战国末期前后已经趋于废弃。罗家坝墓地的案例为从考古学本位出发界定与区分巴、蜀文化提供了突破口。