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81.
In the present study, the fragments of wall painting found in the Roman Temple Complex at Horvat Omrit were analysed for the first time using the non‐destructive techniques of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) equipped with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). The application of these methods enabled unambiguous identifications of the pigments and plaster components of the samples. Quantitative information on mineral composition, crystallite size and elemental composition of each studied paint layer and plaster was collected. Based on the results of the XRD and EDS analyses, the green pigment was identified as celadonite. It was revealed that the Egyptian blue pigment does not contain impurities of tin and lead, and this excludes the use of bronze scrap in its synthesis. Comparison of the mineral composition of the paint layers indicates that a wider palette of colours was obtained by mixing the available mineral pigments. The study of cross‐sections of painted specimens revealed the usage of slaked lime for plastering. The obtained results give a new insight into the wall painting technique employed by ancient artists at Horvat Omrit, in northern Israel. 相似文献
82.
《张家山汉墓竹简·二年律令》中诸律的制作年代试探 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
对《二年律令》中《户律》、《赐律》、《秩律》、《置后律》及《收律》等的制作年代进行考证,证明《二年律令》中的诸律并非制作于同一时期,从而为正确运用《二年律令》提供了可供参考之处。 相似文献
83.
两汉诸侯王墓出土葬玉及葬玉制度初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在中国玉文化发展进程中,两汉是一个重要的转折时期,玉器的神秘作用在经历了新石器时代和商周的发展之后达到了巅峰。汉玉的一大特色是走向极端迷信化的葬玉,而这也是玉器神秘化在汉代达到巅峰的标志。这之后的玉器,佩玉逐渐融入了现实生活,葬玉逐渐消失,进入了中国玉器发展的新阶段——世俗化发展阶段。因此可以说汉代是葬玉的黄金时代。 相似文献
84.
2013年淮安市博物馆发掘淮安王庄村汉墓群,共清理汉墓97座。墓葬形制多样,排列有序,共同位于一大型土墩之下,与淮安地区传统族葬墓有明显的区别。墓葬随葬器物丰富多样,器物组合时代特征明确。从出土器物和墓葬形制及排列情况分析,墓葬时代在西汉早期至东汉时期,墓葬之间在年代上有明显的承继关系,是一处大型汉代土墩墓。该墓地的发掘为研究淮安乃至苏北地区汉代墓葬特别是汉代土墩墓类型提供了极其重要的新材料。 相似文献
85.
吕一燃 《中国边疆史地研究》2000,(2)
关于沈阳何时开始建城的问题,史学家一般都认为始于辽东郡候城县的建立。但对于候城的建置年代,则有不同的看法,有的认为是在汉代,有的认为是在战国时。木文以历史文献记载和新近考古发现为依据,结合前人的研究成果,进一步证明候城建置不始于西汉王朝,而始于战国时的燕园。 相似文献
86.
山东新石器时代环境考古信息及其与文化的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过对鲁中南山前平原西部9处史前文化遗址动植物遗存的综合分析,获得了有价值的史前环境信息。作者还根据史前遗址的分布复原了史前海岸线与鲁西地貌;介绍了对胶东半岛贝丘软体动物的研究状况;并对上述史前环境信息与文化的关系作了探讨。 相似文献
87.
《Journal of Field Archaeology》2013,38(4):413-427
AbstractPre-Columbian farmers built a variety of earthworks in the Llanos de Mojos, part of the Bolivian Amazon. Raised fields, canals, causeways, and mounds of various types in this region date to ca. 800 B.C.–A.D. 1600. In central Mojos, archaeological work was carried out along the Yacuma, a large west-bank tributary of the Mamoré River. Four ring ditches and two areas of associated raised agricultural fields were mapped. The Global Positioning System was used to document earthworks under the forest canopy which were analyzed within a Geographic Information System. Ceramic evidence is also included. The ring ditches in this study expand the known range of such earthworks in Mojos by 200 km. This revised distribution of ring ditches changes interpretations of the long-term history of Arawak speakers in Mojos and throughout Amazonia. While earthworks in Mojos clearly represent systems of intensive agriculture, they cannot be associated only with Arawak speakers or with Arawak languages. 相似文献
88.
K. Khler Gy. Plfi E. Molnr I. Zalai‐Gal A. Oszts E. Bnffy K. Kirin K. K. Kiss B. G. Mende 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2014,24(6):697-703
The aim of this study was to present classic bone lesions caused by tuberculosis, as seen in a Late Neolithic–Early Copper Age osteoarchaeological sample deriving from the site of Alsónyék‐Bátaszék (the western part of Hungary from the 5th millennium bc ). In one particular case of an adult male skeleton, vertebral bodies' destruction, collapse, ankylosis and marked angulation in the lower thoracic and the upper lumbal region of the vertebral column were observed. The collapse resulted in a severe gibbus formation. The paleopathological analysis was carried out using morphological observation supported by radiological analyses. The results from this study increase our knowledge of the early occurrence of skeletal tuberculosis in past populations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
89.
The skeletal remains of 18 individuals interred at the ancient Maya site of Caledonia (100 to 1000 C.E.), located in the Cayo District of Belize, w ere sampled for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis in order to reconstruct their diet. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in 18 bone collagen samples and stable carbon isotope ratios in bioapatite from 15 bone and 6 tooth enamel samples were assessed. Small sample sizes precluded the assessment of dietary variation with respect to age, sex, social status or time period among the Caledonia Maya. However, the sampled individuals consumed a varied diet consisting of maize, supplemented with some C3 plants, terrestrial herbivores and/or lower order freshwater resources such as snails and molluscs and possibly maize‐fed animals. This dietary variability with an emphasis on maize is unsurprising given the biological diversity surrounding the site and the known importance of this crop to the ancient Maya. As expected, the isotopic values from Caledonia are similar to those from nearby sites from similar time periods. However, four individuals exhibit a marine dietary signature, possibly indicating inland trade of marine resources from coastal sites, or the migration of coastal people to Caledonia. This study demonstrates the validity of sampling small, fragmented collections from minor Maya centres in order to gain valuable insight into ancient Maya dietary practices. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
90.
南唐二陵墓室彩画上滋生大面积的苔藓、藻类、霉菌,使原有精美鲜艳的彩画被严重遮盖腐蚀。为此,对南唐二陵墓室彩画上滋生的藻类、苔藓与霉菌进行分离纯化,通过菌落形态观察与显微形态观察,对其表面滋生的藻类、苔藓与霉菌进行了初步种类鉴定。鉴定结果表明,确定霉菌为黑根霉(R. nigricans)、亮白曲霉(A.candidus)、青霉 (P.echinulatum Raper)等;苔藓为墙藓属(Totula sp)、毛口藓属(Trichostomum Bruch);藻类为鞘丝藻属(Lyngbya)。鉴定结果可为进一步的防藻、防霉技术研究和墓室彩画的现场保护研究提供科学依据。 相似文献