了解观众 服务观众——浙江省博物馆武林馆区观众问卷调查分析报告

为了贴近观众的多元需求,改善博物馆的服务质量和服务水平,浙江省博物馆在武林馆区通过为期一个月的问卷调查来收集观众的反馈意见。问卷设计有两种:其一是《浙江省博物馆武林馆区和浙江革命历史纪念馆观众问卷调查》,侧重调研观众的身份、信息来源、参观需求;另一种是《"越地长歌——浙江历史文化陈列"问卷调查》,侧重调研博物馆陈列展览的品质和观众参观时的状况。这次问卷调查获取的信息比较准确、科学,有助于博物馆工作者从中找出博物馆工作改进完善的目标,更加密切博物馆与公众的关系。     

全面抗战前央地关系视域下的南京国民政府省制变革

全面抗战前南京国民政府省制变革是近代中国省制变革的一个重要历史阶段。这一时期,大体经历了南京国民政府初期的省区分治与权势平衡、二次北伐完成后关于省财权人事权和军事权的央地博弈与武力纷争、中原大战后集权与分治的微妙平衡三个阶段的演变。南京政府正常的省权制度变革无法有序展开,在体制内却只能依靠军事和战争手段解决。这是最下策之下策,而且无法真正有效解决省权过大问题。直到全面抗战前夕,省制变革一直成为牵引中国时局演化与社会变动的中枢和焦点问题。     

Symbol and power: the Dalai Lama as a charismatic leader

This article originated in a brief but inspiring analysis by Margaret Nowak. Nowak used Sherry Ortner's concept of ‘summarising symbol’ to imply that, much the same way as the American flag was the epitome of the United States to each and every American, the Dalai Lama encompasses everything Tibetan to the Tibetan people. What does this comparison say about the Dalai Lama? I examine the relationship between symbol, power and charisma with Tenzin Gyatso, the current Dalai Lama, as a case in point. With exile, there has been a shift in the symbolic importance of the Dalai Lama, both as a man and as an institution, from a symbol of Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism to a symbol of the Tibetan cause and, more generally, to a symbol of Buddhism in the world. These changes have given Tenzin Gyatso a new authority in the Tibetan community: he is now the unique and unquestioned leader of the Tibetan cause in the world. I discuss the problems that occur when a symbol is also a man and a leader, as well as the solutions proposed, at a moment when the Tibetan community in exile is experiencing democratisation.     

Maximum Possible Ground Motion for Linear Structures

This article develops a method to generate ground motion time histories that maximize the response of a given linearly elastic structure. The root mean square (RMS) level of the input power spectral density (PSD) is used as a strong motion parameter. It is related to seismological data that is readily available. An empirical relation to estimate RMS value of the PSD from peak ground acceleration, magnitude, rupture distance, and shear wave velocity is derived from world-wide strong motion data. The ground motion is obtained by solving the inverse problem such that the structural response is maximized under the constraint of fixed value of RMS level of the input PSD enforced using a Lagrange multiplier. The proposed methodology is illustrated for a single-degree of freedom system, a six storey building and an earthen dam. It is shown that the critical PSD obtained in all the cases is a narrow band process resulting in stochastic resonance and not a Dirac-delta function with the entire energy of the system concentrated at its natural frequency. Moreover, the critical excitation samples generated using this critical PSD resembles actual earthquake acceleration time histories.     

论刘锦棠出任新疆巡抚之原因

18 8 4年 11月 ,新疆开设行省 ,刘锦棠被清廷任命为新疆巡抚。刘锦棠之所以成为首任新疆巡抚 ,本文认为从客观上说 ,当时清朝统治者已严重依赖于汉族地主阶级 ;从主观上来看 ,是因为刘锦棠率军收复新疆失地 ,立下汗马功劳 ,他又曾参与新疆善后事务 ,而最重要的是 ,刘锦棠当时最了解新疆的实际 ,提出了比较切实可行的新疆建省方案。     

On Classic Maya political economies

Lowland Maya political economies are cosmopolitical economies, with “authoritative resources”—knowledge (“symbolic capital”), especially astro-calendrical knowledge, and ostensible control of time—evolving as the basis for Classic wealth, power, and dynastic legitimacy. Within a system of rotating geopolitical capitals, elite economic activities of production, consumption, and distribution were directed toward control of luxury goods and ritual performances emphasizing privileged interactions with the cosmos and ancestors. Examples include a “ritual mode of production” focused in a palace economy, consumption manifest in lavish public rituals and feasting, and goods circulating through tribute and periodic markets. In the dispersed lowland Maya settlement system, this decentralized economy retained some features more characteristic of stateless societies.     

南朝刘宋免官制度初探

免官是刘宋政权处罚罪吏的一种常用手段。刘宋政权在政治运作中广泛采用免官手段处罚直接威胁封建专制政权的犯罪、职务犯罪、军事犯罪、妨害社会管理秩序的犯罪、违礼犯罪等,且犹以惩罚直接威胁封建专制政权的犯罪和职务犯罪两大类为主。刘宋皇帝控制了免官起复权,但刘宋时期对罪吏免官后再叙的期限是没有严格规定的。刘宋免官制度对于强化皇权、整饬吏治、提高行政效率有着积极作用。     

抗战期间广东省银行沟通潮梅汇路之研究

论文利用广东省档案馆藏近代侨汇档案,集中考察了1939年6月汕头沦陷后,广东省银行沟通潮梅汇路的成因、成效及局限,进而分析其对华南抗战的作用及贡献。研究显示,抗战期间汕头的陷落,是广东省银行沟通这一汇路的重要契机;其自身所具有的经营特色和优势,是其能够肩负这一历史使命的重要保证;而海内外各方则是促成汇路沟通的重要参与者。在此过程中,广东省银行发展壮大,并惠及数百万潮梅侨眷生计。同时为厚实国家外汇储备及赢取华南抗战的最终胜利做出了重要贡献。然而,国民政府严格限制其海外拓展的政策,英、法、荷等国在南洋属地实施的外汇管制以及英、美对中国资金的封存,都在一定程度上制约了它吸收侨汇的成效。     

The Abeng’s Call: The Articulation of Place and the International in Black Power Print Production

This article engages with radical Black Power print production in order to examine the articulation of Black practices of place-making and Black internationalist spatial politics. These spatial politics and practices are developed through engagement with the Jamaican Black Power newspaper Abeng which was produced at the height of Black Power activity on the island in 1969. The paper draws on Black Geographies scholarship to demonstrate that Abeng represented a material and discursive means through which subaltern practices and places of resistance in Jamaica were enacted in opposition to and excess of plantation spatialities and regimes on the island. The carving out of such subaltern places allowed for the articulation of transnational imaginaries and translocal solidarities with similarly aligned communities and struggles across the diasporic world. The Abeng newspaper was again central in crafting these imagined Black internationalist geographies and coeval praxes of transnational solidarity.