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191.
192.
How to Make an Unfired Clay Cooking Pot: Understanding the Technological Choices Made by Arctic Potters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Karen G. Harry Lisa Frink Brendan O’Toole Andreas Charest 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2009,16(1):33-50
Between about 500 a.d. and the late nineteenth century, clay cooking pots associated with the Thule culture were produced in the Arctic region.
Ethnographic and archaeological records indicate that these vessels were typically underfired (often even unfired), highly
porous, and easily broken. Despite these characteristics, the evidence indicates that they were used to heat water over open
fires. In this paper, we examine how Arctic potters were able to produce unsintered vessels capable of holding liquids without
disintegrating. We conclude that the application of seal oil and seal blood to the pot’s surface was the key to their success.
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Karen G. HarryEmail: |
193.
中国古代科学家整体状况统计研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用统计学的方法,对中国古代科学家从时间、学科、职业、信仰、出身等角度进行研究,可从宏观上得出他们的整体状况。针对统计结果进行分析后,初步得出了形成这一状况的原因。为中国古代科学技术史的进一步研究,提供了一个可资参考的坐标。 相似文献
194.
计算机技术在考古学与文物保护中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
计算机技术与其他学科相结合发展起来的新技术将为考古学研究和文物保护提供现代化的科学手段,对考古学和文物保护将产生深远的影响.网上数字化博物馆的建立,考古资料、文物信息的网络化管理,考古信息的共享将对考古学传统的工作模式产生重要的影响. 相似文献
195.
Landscapes of the Ghost Dance: A Cartography of Numic Ritual 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alex K. Carroll M. Nieves Zedeño Richard W. Stoffle 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2004,11(2):127-156
Recent historical and ethnographic research indicates that the study of ritual behavior could be greatly enhanced by combining parameters of place and landscape use with interpretation of material culture. This strategy is especially useful for identifying the archaeological record of ritual among societies that incorporated topographic features and natural resources into their liturgical order. In this article we apply a behavioral framework to the study of Numic ritual technologies. By intergrating ethnographic and historic data on the geography, practice, and material culture of the nineteenth-century Nevada Ghost Dance, we demonstrate how this framework helps to determine the configuration of a ritual place and its position relative to other ritual and nonritual places. 相似文献
196.
Bernhard J. Dotzler 《Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte》2009,32(4):319-328
Knowledge in Stories. On the Mutual Lucidation of Literature, Media, and Science. What are science studies for? The article faces this question by arguing, 1. that they can help to improve literary criticism, and 2. that such an improved criticism allows to recognize how knowledge, whether scientific or not, is linked with history and culture respectively. Both aspects are demonstrated by some remarks on Theodor Fontane's most famous novel, Effi Briest, and its allusions to the then newly discovered microbes on the one hand as well as to mediumistic phaenomena on the other hand. 相似文献
197.
Cook-stone technology's Old-World roots were established by 30,000 B.P. and reappeared in the New World by 10,000 B.P., after millennia of direct-fire cooking. Hot-rock cookery, which is necessary for foods that require prolonged cooking, facilitated land-use intensification by affording greater utilization of nutrients in available foods on a given landscape. This technology gradually diversified during the early Holocene in western North America. By 4000 B.P. its initial intensification was underway; final intensification began by 2000 B.P. and typically peaked during the last 1500 years. Propagation of hot-rock cookery exemplifies pre-Columbian food crises and signals carbohydrate revolutions wherein more high-cost foods feed growing populations. As modeled, cook-stone griddles, earth ovens and steaming pits with rock heating elements are more costly facilities, insofar as fuel is used to heat rocks that, in turn, extend cooking time and temperature. More expensive still is stone boiling, given that fuel heats rocks that, in turn, heat water that cooks the food. Even more expensive in terms of energy expended is the manufacture of heating elements in the form of stone, ceramic, and metal cooking containers, all of which afford further evidence of land-use intensification. 相似文献
198.
Renewed archaeological investigation of the West Mouth of Niah Cave, Borneo has demonstrated that even within lowland equatorial environments depositional conditions do exist where organic remains of late glacial and early post-glacial age can be preserved. Excavations by the Niah Cave Research Project (NCP) (2000–2003) towards the rear of the archaeological reserve produced several bone points and worked stingray spines, which exhibit evidence of hafting mastic and fibrous binding still adhering to their shafts. The position of both gives strong indication of how these cartilaginous points were hafted and gives insight into their potential function. These artefacts were recovered from secure and 14C dated stratigraphic horizons. The results of this study have implications for our understanding the function of the Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene bone tools recovered from other regions of Island Southeast Asia. They demonstrate that by the end the Pleistocene rainforest foragers in Borneo were producing composite technologies that probably included fishing leisters and potentially the bow and arrow. 相似文献
199.
Rémy Crassard 《Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy》2009,20(1):1-8
Located in Wâdî Mikhfar, Yemen, the stratified site of HDOR 410 was excavated by the French Archaeological Mission in Jawf-Hadramawt. The site illustrates the co-existence of a form of expediency and a form of complexity in the production of lithics, revealing the presence of industries with low technological visibility (expedient production of flakes) at a time traditionally characterised by marked typological constraints (production of trihedral points). 相似文献
200.
西方国家大学技术转移研究的进展和启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
技术、制度、文化和关系、尺度、调节是经济地理学理论构建的重要中介,也是当今"新经济地理学"理论建构争论的核心所在。大学作为技术创新的集中地,也是国家创新体系的组成部分之一,其在整个国家和地区的技术创新和转移中具有举足轻重的地位。大学技术转移的研究是近年来国外管理学、经济学和经济地理学研究的热点问题。文章通过总结国外大学技术转移研究的现状和发展趋势,结合国内的研究特点,给出了未来我国学者,特别是经济地理学者在大学技术转移的研究方面应该注意的问题,以便使得大学技术转移能在我国建设自主创新型国家的过程中发挥应有的作用。 相似文献