Archaeozoological research on vertebrates in Central Europe with special reference to the medieval period

This paper is the outcome of a lecture held at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. It provides a summary in English of the archaeozoological research work which has been carried out in Central Europe during the last 30 years, with special reference to material from medieval times. It is shown that a thorough zoological analysis of bones from excavations provides much information for historical interpretation. Not only was the ratio of wild and domestic animals or of the different species of interest, but also the age and sex structure of the population by taking the function of the site into consideration. Some observations on animal teeth gave indications of distinctive handicrafts. Cut marks on cervical vertebrae of horse skeletons found as grave goods from early medieval times were considered in connection with beliefs and juridical conceptions of that time.     

The digital restoration of painted patterns on the No. 2 Qin bronze chariot based on hyperspectral imaging

The No. 2 Qin bronze chariot unearthed from Qinshihuang's Mausoleum is world famous for its huge size and colourful painted patterns. However, since it had been buried for a long time and was affected by its harsh environment, its painted patterns have been severely damaged. The traditional restoration methods, which mainly rely on expert experience, are manual, inefficient and lack scientific support. Moreover, to protect the important cultural relics, any invasive operations, such as sampling analysis, are strictly prohibited. This paper presents a method that combines hyperspectral imaging and computer technology for the digital virtual restoration of the bronze chariot's patterns. It is non-destructive, more efficient and more scientific. The method reproduces the damaged patterns with the following approaches: restoring the missing edges of the patterns; and distinguishing the different pigments. The obtained result implies that the method can digitally reproduce some of the damaged patterns, and that it can be used as a reference for recreating the patterns of the other painted bronze.     

试论泰沂山北侧地区的大汶口文化

泰沂山北侧是大汶口文化分布区的重要组成部分。本文从典型遗址的分析入手,进而对该地区大汶口文化的分期、年代、区域特征、与周围地区的文化联系等问题,进行了较为系统的分析和探讨,提出了具体的分期及类型划分意见。     

三角缘神兽镜的学术源流

本文旨在梳理三角缘神兽镜在日本古代史研究和古代中日关系史研究中的学术源流,结合中日学术界的相关研究,集中探讨三角缘神兽镜的定义、三角缘神兽镜与邪马台国论争、"魏镜说"、王仲殊先生的三角缘神兽镜研究、三角缘神兽镜与日本早期佛教的传播等问题,为相关研究的继续深入奠定基础。     

从真山出土玉器谈吴国的琢玉工艺

苏州真山大墓出土了一批春秋时期的玉器,系采用多种琢玉技法所形成,显示了２０００多年前吴国工匠高超的琢玉水平。     

隋书概说——兼议《出师颂》卷

本文分析了隋代书法在中国书法史上承前启后的特殊状况,指出隋代北方铭刻的主要成就是逐渐摆脱了前朝篆隶书体而形成了楷书书体,南方的纸书在跃出章草畦径的过程中初步酝酿出草书的章法,楷书已成熟定法。“书”之所以能够有“法”并且成为一门高雅的艺术,是因为隋代完成了“普法阶段”,最好的例证就是智永和隋贤的存世之作。     

中葡有关澳门主权交涉内幕——从1862年条约换文到1887年条约谈判

澳门主权问题的提出主要是在中国鸦片战争失利以后。1862年条约是葡人居澳以来中葡两国签订的第一个条约。由于葡萄牙代表在议约中采取了欺诈手段,清政府未予批准。自1864年换约失败至1887年条约谈判之前的20余年时间里,葡萄牙为了以订立条约的形式达到“合法”占据澳门的目的,曾经串通列强及其驻京公使,多次与清政府进行交涉。     

《中国游记》与芥川认识

芥川龙之介的《中国游记》被介绍到中国为时已久。随着时代的变迁,对这部作品的阅读理解有了变化,存在着一些值得注意的倾向。本文主要针对这些倾向,基于重视同时代语境和批评的观点,通过夏丐尊、鲁迅对这部作品的“接受”及对作品文本细部的比较分析来解读作品,力求排除阅读上的误区,还芥川与《中国游记》本来的面目。     

日本发展入境旅游的政策措施与成效

自20世纪90年代开始,日本政府为推进入境旅游发展所采取的政策措施主要有：制定完备的旅游相关法律,成立专门行政管理机构制定并实施观光立国战略,规划建设广域国际旅游特区,加强国际旅游合作,积极申报世界遗产,发展生态旅游与产业观光游等。这些政策措施已经取得较为显著的成效,其中一些成功经验对我国发展入境旅游具有借鉴作用。     

殷墟青铜器铭文的制作方法

殷墟出土青铜器铭文的制作方法,可分为铸铭和刻铭两大类。铸铭占绝大多数,刻铭极少。铸铭的制作方法有模作铭、芯作铭和范作铭等三种形式,以模作铭为主。刻铭出现于殷墟四期,目前虽然只发现4件刻铭铜器,但其意义重大,不仅把中国青铜器刻铭的历史追溯到商代晚期,而且为研究青铜器铭文的制作技术,尤其是刻铭技术,提供了十分珍贵的实物资料。