The non-graded elementary school

The history of education in a number of industrialized countries during the first part of the 20th century testifies to the political will behind school centralization and the closure of small and non-graded rural elementary schools. A closer examination shows that school centralization throughout these countries can be associated with the development of a more unified educational system and that a unified school system is in turn seen as a political tool for the advancement of social welfare. In particular, this article discusses the development of the Norwegian non-graded elementary school. It examines the nature and the effects of the applied policies, and analyses the rationales – both political and educational – behind political decisions on education. The overall conclusions can be linked to and complement international research in this area.     

焦廷琥学术成就探析——兼论扬州学派的家学特征简

焦廷琥为清代通儒焦循之子,幼承家学,研治经史。本文主要考察其生平著述、交游及其家学渊源。扬州学派是清中后期作为继吴、皖而兴起重要学术流派,其特征之一是大族盛门承担着学术文化的传承,家族成员积极参与,力图维护其学术传统,故其学通常能延续到两代以外,由此形成了博通经史、世代傅承的地域学术文化氛围。     

School accessibility and academic achievement in a rural area of Taiwan

This study empirically analyzes the influence of school accessibility on student academic achievement in a rural area of Taiwan. The sample population comprised elementary and junior high-school students in Pinlin, a small village outside Taipei City, the capital of Taiwan. Data were obtained through a questionnaire survey and analyzed via linear regression and ordered logit regression for continuous grade point average and discrete letter grade, respectively. Compared with previous research, this study presents the following new findings: (1) similar to elementary-school children, travel obstacles also negatively affected learning achievement of junior high-school adolescents; (2) travel obstacles affected academic achievement more significantly for adolescents than children; and (3) travel obstacles affected letter grades more significantly than grade point averages in children. The empirical evidence indicates that travel obstacles explain the academic achievements of children and adolescents with moderate or weak significance.     

高中美术课程研究性学习初探

研究性学习在美术课程中理论上可以通过教师的“解惑授道”来引导学生习得相关知识,又在实践上通过学生亲自实验来验证问题的假设,最终达到自我价值的实现和自我个性塑造的和谐发展。在开展高中美术研究性学习中,课程的性质需要教师以引导者与协助者的身份介入到学生的课题研究中来,帮助学生共同完成具有创新意义的研究工作。     

浅谈体态语在小学英语教学中的应用

体态语是语言的一种,属于非言语性的语言。它是由人的面部表情、身体姿势、肢体动作和体位变化而构成的种种图象符号。体态语是教学的一种辅助教学手段,在小学英语教学中有着极其重要的作用,有时甚至会“无声胜有声”。近年来,笔者在英语教学时,根据教材的内容,创设情景,注意挖掘教材中可用体态语教学的内容,激发了学生的学习积极性,促进了师生交流,提高了教学效率,取得了良好的效果。     

浅谈小学语文教学中的语感培养

进行语感训练是帮助学生理解课文内容、发展语言、陶冶情感的重要手段。具备了良好的语感能使人感受言语之精妙,洞见言语之精髓,把握言语之理趣,更能使其步入丰富而又美妙的精神世界,受到诸如文化、审美的熏陶。文章通过分析语感的含义,探索语文实施语感教学的方法,着眼于学生对语文的实践感悟和个体经验的感悟创造,让学生通过实践训练而获得实践意义上的启迪,从而创造性地让学生获得适合自己个性和学科特点的学习方法,进而能动自主地学〉--j探究,使语感教学真正直接面向学生的成长和发展。     

高中思想政治教学中的有效提问原则

高中思想政治课概念众多、知识抽象、理论性强,学生的社会经验又不足,因此,在高中政治课堂中,教师注重有效提问,可以吸引学生的注意力,调动学生的积极性,深化对所学知识的理解,培养学生分析解决问题的能力,激发学生对政治课的学习兴趣。有效的提问可以开启学生的创新思维,直接影响着政治课堂教学的效果。     

高中语文课堂如何运用问题式教学法

在语文新课堂教学中,“问题式”教学法要本着面向全体学生,着力培养学生的创新精神为宗旨,践行自主、合作、探究式教学的新理念,构造生动活泼的语文课堂教学观,扎实培养学生的创新意识和创新能力,为学生的全面发展打下坚实的基础。     

民国时期乡村教育问题研究述评

20世纪二三十年代,是乡村教育发展的黄金时期。新中国以来,人们对乡村教育问题的研究,主要集中在乡村教育思潮和乡村教育实验区及其代表人物、乡村私塾与乡村学校的关系、乡村教育经费、乡村教师及其待遇、乡村师范、乡村社会教育等方面。由于资料限制和意识形态的影响,人们对民国时期乡村教育问题研究不够全面和深入,评价有失偏颇,需要做进一步的工作,才能有所创新和突破。     

Spatial and temporal patterns in primary school enrolment and exam achievement in Rural Uganda

Using a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative, quantitative and Geographic Information Science methods, we assessed the primary school landscape around a protected area in Western Uganda. Data from a household survey, interviews and standardized school examinations were mapped to visualize spatial patterns in enrolment and academic achievement. We found children on average were starting school at age nine, but started to dropout as early as age 14; especially orphaned boys. Twenty of 36 schools demonstrated improving examination results from 2004 to 2013, although in one district improvements were lacking. Girls traditionally perform poorer than boys on exams in Uganda, but we found girls’ exam scores were catching-up. Support from one non-governmental organization with a long-term local presence was improving academic achievement. The use of Geographic Information Science provided spatially explicit recommendations to guide local policy actions for primary school education.