School Vouchers and Student Attainment: Evidence from a State‐Mandated Study of Milwaukee's Parental Choice Program

In this article we examine educational attainment levels for students in Milwaukee's citywide voucher program and a comparable group of public school students. Using unique data collected as part of a state‐mandated evaluation of the program, we consider high school graduation and enrollment in postsecondary institutions for students initially exposed to voucher schools and those in public schools at the same time. We show that exposure to voucher schools was related to graduation and, in particular, to enrollment and persistence in a 4‐year college. These differences are apparent despite controls for student neighborhoods, demographics, early‐career test scores and—for a subsample of survey respondents—controls for parental education, income, religious behavior, and marital status. We conclude by stressing the implications for future scholarship and policy, including the importance of attainment outcomes in educational research.     

The Weight of the Moment: J. G. A. Pocock's Politics of History

One of the great intellectual productions of the postwar period, J. G. A. Pocock's The Machiavellian Moment was also an intervention in the American polity of the 1970s. The book's content, its rhetorical style, its methodology, and even its physical printed form were all designed to effectuate a political gesture. The crises of 1968 to 1973 invalidated the optimistic liberalism of Pocock's academic circle. The history of political language offered a refuge and a programmatic foundation for Pocock's pragmatic conservatism. The Machiavellian Moment was designed to reinforce the weight of tradition in contemporary political debate.     

试论小学音乐教育中“以人为本”的运用

本文通过对小学新课标音乐部分教育的理解，即，新课标倡导的“以人为本”的教育思想，就是指在关注学生知识、技能的同时，通过音乐熏陶更加关注他们的生活态度．对人和事物的情感意识和价值取向，以及宽容乐观的个性和健全的人格。通过音乐本身具有的独特的育人功能。剖析歌曲意境，创设情感氛围，体验轻松模式，提高学生的音乐鉴赏素质，培养学生健康的审美情趣和高尚情操。     

House prices and school choice: Evidence from Chicago's magnet schools’ proximity lottery

Studies of open school policies predict house prices to rise in areas that gain access to high-quality schools. However, excess demand may limit access to high-quality schools. We take advantage of changes in Chicago's schools’ admissions policies to test whether a higher probability of admission to magnet schools for students living within 1.5 miles leads to higher house prices. Results indicate that the 1997 and 2009 reforms increased house prices for homes within the 1.5 mile radius by about 4% and 12.6%, respectively. The higher probability of admission for black students after a consent decree was vacated in 2009 led to a significant increase in prices in predominantly African-American areas on the south side.     

‘There's only so much money hot dog sales can bring in’: The intersection of green school grounds and socio-economic status

In the interest of enhancing children's environments, many school grounds around the world are being ‘greened’ as asphalt and manicured grass are replaced with a diversity of elements and spaces, such as trees, shrubs, gardens, art, and gathering areas. Despite a growing body of research from a number of disciplines that is exploring the potential of these spaces, very little is known about how issues of socio-economic status (SES) influence school ground greening initiatives. In this paper, I explore what (if any) relationship exists between school ground greening and SES in a Canadian school board where approximately 20% of more than 500 schools have begun the greening process. A mixed methods approach was used: (1) 149 questionnaires were completed by administrators, teachers, and parents associated with 45 school ground greening initiatives; and (2) 21 follow-up interviews were conducted with administrators, teachers and parents at five greening projects across a range of SESs. Three significant, and arguably troubling, patterns emerged as a function of socio-economic status of the school community. Participants associated with schools across a range of SESs had different: (1) perceptions as to the importance/adequacy of green school grounds; (2) access to adult support; and (3) access to funding. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

试析唐代的乡里村学

唐代的乡里村学存在于全国各地,带有一定的普遍性。这类乡里村学虽因国家明令而设置,实际上却属于特殊意义上的私学,带有官助民办的性质。作为基层教育的形式之一,唐代的乡里村学担负着教化和启蒙教育两方面的主要职责。正是由于包括乡里村学在内的各类私学的广泛发展,才使教育的普及和文化的下移成为可能,并与官学一起共同促进唐代文化的发展和社会风尚的变迁。     

基于形态学的历史性城镇景观遗产价值判识与地理过程分析——以庐山牯岭镇为例

当今我国历史性城镇景观的研究、保护与管理多基于历史遗存的现状展开,对其价值认知和保护管理造成了一定的不利影响。城市形态学领域的康泽恩学派根植于城镇的历史演化过程,为历史性城镇景观的认知及保护管理提供了良好的支持。在该理论的指导下,对庐山牯岭镇开展了遗产价值判识与地理过程分析,其间,根据中国的历史文化和社会经济背景,对该方法进行了调整与发展,旨在探讨适合中国历史性城镇景观的保护管理及更为广泛的城镇景观的管理方法。     

古史辨派的史学遗产与中国上古史体系的建设

以顾颉刚为首的古史辨派是我国20世纪20-40年代古史研究的主要派别,对我国史学尤其是上古史研究影响深远。疑古精神、对进步史观的积极追求与接纳的态度、对古史资料考信而后用之的原则、注重历史与考古研究结合的治史方法,以及建设新古史体系的设想,是古史辨派留给我们的史学遗产。新古史体系的建设道路并不平坦,搞好新古史体系建设较为根本的对策就是在总结和继承古史辨派优秀史学遗产的基础上,坚持理论创新,切实加强考古学家与历史学家的沟通与合作。     

Cause analysis of meager salaries of Sichuan primary school teachers in the 1930s

This paper aims to investigate the phenomenon wherein primary school teachers in Sichuan received low salaries in the 1930s. Compared with other professions among either physical or nonphysical jobs, primary school teachers had lower salaries, which were often paid in arrears and deducted. The main causes were instability, mismanagement, and an unbalanced distribution of education funds. __________ Translated from the Journal of Sichuan Normal University (Social Science Edition), 2004: 2     

《神乌傅(赋)》用经、子文谫论

《神乌傅(赋)》或引用、或化用《诗经》、《论语》、《周易》、《孝经》、《老子》、《庄子》、《荀子》等典籍,文字与今传本多有差异。以《神乌傅(赋)》考论典籍,可补通行典籍之缺,增《诗三家义集疏》中《齐诗》说内容;以典籍释读《神乌傅(赋)》可明作者习《齐诗》、谙《论语》,初步释读止于樊、幾自、去色就安、不意不信等词,裨益文本解读,以更好地理解《神乌傅(赋)》文意。据此,结合西汉官学教育体制,我们对赋作者习学和受教的情况有了个大致臆测。