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曾中懋 《文物保护与考古科学》2000,12(1):34-40
描述了古代石质文物表面上油烟污物的成分及清洗材料的组成,清洗方法及效果。清洗步骤:(1)使用2.5%—5.0%非离子表面活性剂组成的洗涤液进行初步的清洗、除去吸附不太紧密的油烟污物。(2)使用H2O2-HF-0π10对顽固的油烟污物进行局部重点清洗。此材料已在四川广元和重庆大足的古代石质文物上使用,并取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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陈庚龄 《文物保护与考古科学》2010,22(4):91-96
天梯山石窟,即北凉石窟,在国内史学界誉为中国古代石窟鼻祖。据考证,9窟彩塑与壁画制作始于唐代,后经历代多次重绘。针对目前彩塑与壁画的保存现状及需要修复的状况,本研究运用现代分析仪器与技术,对9窟现存的彩塑、壁画进行了科学分析。其中,对彩塑及壁画地仗土层矿物进行了X射线衍射分析,对重层彩绘颜料进行了X射线衍射、X射线荧光分析;另外,对清理彩塑地仗时发现的植物茎秆及附属物,采用偏光显微分析技术进行了材质鉴定。分析和鉴定结果表明:9窟现存彩塑及壁画地仗土层具有相同的矿物组成,基本包括石英、长石(斜长石、少量的K-长石)、云母(白云母、绿泥石、伊利石、斜绿泥石)、方解石、少量石膏,并确定植物茎秆材质为稻草;在使用的彩绘中,黑色为墨,红色颜料有朱砂、铅丹和铁红,蓝色颜料为石青,白色颜料以方解石为主,有少量的石膏。本结果可为后期天梯山石窟的全面复原修复提供参考资料。 相似文献
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为揭示大同辽代华严寺彩绘泥塑颜料及胶结剂的化学成分及调制应用组合,对华严寺薄伽教藏殿内的典型颜料层样品进行了综合剖析。利用超景深显微镜、扫描电镜-X射线能谱、显微拉曼光谱等对彩绘样品中的颜料部分展开分析。结果表明,红色颜料主要是铅丹(Pb3O4)和朱砂(HgS),绿色颜料主要是孔雀石[Cu2CO3(OH)2]和氯铜矿[Cu2(OH)3Cl],而且这两种颜色存在着同色系的两种颜料混和使用的情况。蓝色颜料则为蓝铜矿[Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2],黄色颜料为雌黄(As2S3),金色区域则主要是由金(Au)构成;采用红外光谱和甲基衍生化-热裂解-气相色谱串联质谱技术对彩绘样品中的胶结剂成分进行检测。结果表明,金色区域的胶结剂主要是熟桐油和胶蛋白,说明其中存在着“金胶油”的传统贴金工艺;而其他红、绿、蓝、黄等彩色... 相似文献
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用电子束辐照加固秦俑彩绘 总被引:1,自引:7,他引:1
为有效加固秦俑彩绘,选择单体渗透、电子束辐照加固方法进行保护。在最佳辐照加固条件:以2-羟基甲基丙烯酸乙酯为单体,用1MeV2.0mA 60kGy电子束辐照可有效地加固秦俑彩绘层。加固后的陶俑表面没有出现光泽,彩绘层颜色鲜艳如初,生漆层、颜料层也再无起翘、脱落现象,干燥、自然。 相似文献
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文物清洗是文物修复中极为重要的一环。针对质地疏松、时代久远、埋藏环境较为复杂的出土陶器,表面清洗是一种较大的挑战。本次清洗的对象是馆藏的汉代彩绘女陶俑,陶俑身上遍布黑斑,严重影响了其观赏价值。为有效清除表面黑斑,尝试运用激光清洗技术进行清洗工作。确定采用LQS模式下,输出能量为150m J,频率为3Hz的系统光学参数,并选择光斑直径在3~4mm的范围,用激光垂直照射液膜法进行清洗。结果发现部分区域清洗效果较好,而部分区域清洗效果一般。造成不同效果的原因,主要在于黑色污染物与基底之间的关系以及激光能量的选择。实验结果证明,激光清洗陶器表面的黑斑是可行的,与此同时也可以结合不同的清洗方法来达到最佳的清洗效果。 相似文献
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《英国考古学会志》2013,166(1):165-167
AbstractWooden Madonna tabernacles from c.1150–c.1350 are today scarce, and it is therefore difficult to get a complete understanding of their original appearance and variations. Nevertheless there are still preserved at least fifteen Madonna tabernacles, or substantial fragments of them, in Scandinavia, which can give us a picture of the variety of appearance and form these large tabernacles had in this period. The surviving Scandinavian Madonna tabernacles have, like the southern European ones, quite a lot of variation in types and appearance, both in their closed and open positions. The largest group consisted of niches with relief-figures on the interior when open, but the scenes could also be painted, or painting and sculpture combined on the same surface. A neglected aspect of these tabernacles is their appearance in the closed position. Often the wings of the tabernacles have their original painting preserved on the exterior, even if the reverse has been overpainted or the wings have been restructured. Many of these original surfaces had non-figural decoration, such as foliage, monochrome surfaces in red or green, or a combination of simple patterns of red and green. 相似文献
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Characterization of Materials and Artistic Techniques on Two 17th‐Century Neapolitan Wood Sculptures
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Two sculptures of Gaetano Patalano, one of the most important Italian sculptors of the late 17th century, were analysed to study the stratigraphy, the organic and inorganic materials, and to distinguish the original layers from the repaintings. Samples taken from the Immacolata Concezione and from San Gaetano da Thiene (Santa Chiara church, Lecce, Italy) were studied by optical microscopy, μ‐Raman spectroscopy and Py‐GC–MS. Different binders and pigments were used for the preparatory layers on the different parts of the statues: the results demonstrate that Patalano mastered the various materials and techniques, and that his choices have allowed his carving ability to be emphasized. 相似文献