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B. De Cupere S. Thys W. Van Neer A. Ervynck M. Corremans M. Waelkens 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2009,19(1):1-22
Two concentrations of animal bones, almost exclusively from small mammals and wild birds, were found within the destruction debris of a Roman bath complex in Sagalassos (SW Turkey). The overall species spectrum, skeletal element representation, fragmentation and preservation condition of the bones indicate that they represent the prey remains of a large nocturnal avian predator, more precisely the eagle owl (Bubo bubo). Differences in skeletal element representation and in prey species' spectrum show that the two bone clusters derive from pellets deposited near a nest site and a roost site, respectively. Radiocarbon dates obtained from the bones indicate that eagle owls lived in the collapsing bath complex during the second half of the 6th to the beginning of the 7th century AD, before the final abandonment of the town. The MNI of the prey animals found at the nest site, confronted with the daily dietary needs of a female eagle owl and its young, indicates repetitive use of the same place during several years. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Nonlinear time domain site response analysis is used to capture the soil hysteretic response and nonlinearity due to medium and large ground motions. Soil damping is captured primarily through the hysteretic energy dissipating response. Viscous damp-ing, using the Rayleigh damping formulation, is often added to represent damping at very small strains where many soil models are primarily linear. The Rayleigh damping formulation results in frequency dependent damping, in contrast to experiments that show that the damping of soil is mostly frequency independent. Artificially high damp-ing is introduced outside a limited frequency range that filters high frequency ground motion. The extended Rayleigh damping formulation is introduced to reduce the over-damping at high frequencies. The formulation reduces the filtering of high frequency motion content when examining the motion Fourier spectrum. With appropriate choice of frequency range, both formulations provide a similar response when represented by the 5% damped elastic response spectrum. The proposed formulations used in non-linear site response analysis show that the equivalent linear frequency domain solution commonly used to approximate non-linear site response underestimates surface ground motion within a period range relevant to engineering applications. A new guideline is provided for the use of the proposed formulations in non-linear site response analysis. 相似文献
34.
Carol Lentfer Peter J. Matthews Chris Gosden Sue Lindsay Jim Specht 《Archaeology in Oceania》2013,48(3):121-129
Organic residue on a stone artefact recovered from the Makekur Lapita site (FOH) on Arawe Island in West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, was sampled and dated. The residue is identified as endocarp fragments of a Canarium species nutshell, most likely Canarium indicum L. The artefact, which is made from coralline limestone, is interpreted as a nut‐cracking anvil. AMS dating places its use at approximately 2800 calBP, in Middle–Late Lapita times, and provides the first direct confirmation of Lapita‐age use of nut‐cracking tools. The careful shaping of the tool, combined with ethnographic comparisons, suggests that it was made and used for preparation of special food, possibly for feasting associated with ritual or other ceremonial activities. 相似文献
35.
Grant W.G. Cochrane Trudy Doelman Simon Greenwood Jamie Reeves 《Archaeology in Oceania》2013,48(2):92-100
We use a non‐site survey methodology and statistical significance testing to evaluate Hall's (1992a) predictive model of stone artefact distributions in the south‐east Australian highlands. The study area is a 19.5 km2 rectangular corridor in the Limestone Creek valley, north‐east Victoria. The study confirms a number of Hall's predictions about the relationship between stone artefact density and environmental factors. The strongest relationship is between artefact density and slope. This relationship is probably a reflection of both cultural and non‐cultural processes, which have promoted higher artefact density on the more subdued terrain. We also found that less common artefact types such as retouched tools and cores had the least predictable spatial distributions, although this may be a reflection of the small sample size. 相似文献
36.
Mikko Joronen 《对极》2011,43(4):1127-1154
Abstract: In this paper Martin Heidegger's notions about dwelling in the sites of finitude and “power‐free” (Macht‐los) “letting‐be” (Gelassenheit) are explored as fundamental possibilities for resisting the ontological violence posed by global capitalism, the planetary outcome of the metaphysical condition Heidegger calls the “machination” (Machenschaft). Beginning from the planetary machination—the emergence of the flexible and circularly functioning power of calculative intelligibility—resistance is understood ontologically and hence as a radical critique of power as a consummation of the history of the metaphysical constitution of being. The paper culminates in a discussion of Heidegger's view on the awakening of the “other beginning” of the abyssal “Event” of being, a groundless “time‐space‐play” capable of constituting an alternative modality of relations no longer based upon the calculative functions of power but upon groundless thought and non‐violent dwelling in the earth‐sites of finite being. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Amongst other issues, the ‘History Wars’ raise the question as to whether or not sites of conflict on the Australian colonial frontier will be preserved in the archaeological record. We explore this question through a consideration of what the expected nature of any such evidence might be, based on general and specific historical accounts and an understanding of site formation processes. Although limited success has been achieved to date in locating definitive evidence for such sites in Australia, we conclude that there are some specific situations where archaeology could usefully be applied to give rise to a more multi‐dimensional understanding of the past. 相似文献
39.
Haowen Tong 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2001,11(3):231-237
A total of 60 pieces of rhino materials have been identified from the Nanjing Man site. Morphologically, they belong to the species Dicerorhinus mercki. Among the materials, 40 pieces are broken bones, and 20 are isolated teeth or jaw bones (totally comprising 41 tooth units). Among the teeth, 74% are deciduous, most of them attached to jaws. Other isolated teeth are not greatly worn, meaning they were not naturally replaced, so they represent juvenile animals. Because the skeletons are completely isolated and most of them are broken, their death can not be attributed to a natural trap. Therefore, it is very probable that hominid activities were associated with rhinos at this site. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
40.
ABSTRACT Seven new 14C age determinations on short‐lived materials yield a sound evidential basis for the chronology of the O18 site on O'ahu Island, Hawai'i, long thought to be an early settlement site. Calibration within a model‐based, Bayesian framework indicates that the site was established in AD 1040–1219, some 260–459 years after the current estimate of first settlement, and abandoned in the late eighteenth or early nineteenth centuries. Previously published age determinations are mostly too old, probably due to the ‘old wood’ effect. O18 appears to be the oldest site on the Waimānalo Plain, but earlier sites in Waimānalo likely exist inland of the plain. 相似文献