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41.
William H. Walker Michael Brian Schiffer 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2006,13(2):67-88
This paper explores the materiality of social power relationally through study of social interactions with artifacts. Specifically, it is argued that acquisition of an artifact instantiates social power by imposing interactions on groups taking part in that artifact's life-history activities. We introduce the “performance-preference matrix,” an analytic tool for systematically studying the effects of such acquisition events on activity groups. The use of the performance-preference matrix is illustrated through an example: the acquisition of electric-arc lights for lighthouses in the 19th century. Suggestions are offered for analyzing culture-contact situations and for handling singularized artifacts such as heirlooms and monuments.
相似文献
William H. WalkerEmail: |
42.
《Eurasian Geography and Economics》2013,54(2):236-253
Two Taiwan-based economists estimate the technology content of exports by the machinebuilding industry of the East Asia region during 2004-2008, using comparative analysis to clarify changes in the relative competitiveness of four East Asian nations (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) accompanying the formation of a regional trading bloc and production networks. In particular, they examine the technology content of these countries' machinebuilding sub-industries' exports within the Southeast Asian market (documenting the rise of the machinebuilding industry in China) as well as the penetration of Japanese, South Korean, and Taiwanese sub-industries into China's market. The results point to areas of emerging competition among China, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan for East Asian markets, which can only be expected to intensify in the future. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F14, F15, F36, O14, P23. 7 tables, 36 references. 相似文献
43.
我国考古和文物保护工作中物探技术的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
钟世航 《文物保护与考古科学》2004,16(3):58-64
20世纪80年代以来,物探技术在考古和物保护方面应用越来越多,在古墓探查、大型古建筑地下遗存现状探查、重要古建基础状况探查、古遗迹断代等方面,地球物理技术都找到了发挥作用的机会。本通过地球物理技术在云冈石窟、龙门石窟、克孜尔石窟、北京故宫紫禁城、嵩岳寺塔、古泗州城遗址、风阳明中都等的物理探查实例,以及查找古墓、古遗迹断代等方面的工作,介绍了我国在考古和物保护领域应用地球物理技术的进展,并指出了物探在用于考古和保时的特点和展望。 相似文献
44.
运用科学技术方法对清代珐琅的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
作者运用原子发射光谱、扫描电子显微镜、偏光显微镜和金相显微镜,对故宫博物院藏清代珐琅残片进行了实验分析。研究中.对构成珐琅的硅酸盐材料、铜材料、焊接材料以及镀金层的元素组成进行了测试;对珐琅残片断面的焊接层和镀金层的微观形貌、焊接层的金相组织进行了观察和鉴别。在此基础上,运用结晶学、矿物学、金属学和金相学的基础理论对珐琅原料种类、各种原料的作用、珐琅料的熔制与烧蓝、铜材料与焊接材料的合金属性、焊层的金相组织、掐丝珐琅的烧制工艺等问题加以探讨,试图藉现代科技手段揭示清代珐琅所包含的科学技术内涵。 相似文献
45.
46.
Yaroslav V. Kuzmin 《Journal of Archaeological Research》2008,16(2):163-221
This article focuses on the presence of humans in Siberia and the Russian Far East at the coldest time of the Late Pleistocene,
called the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and dated to c. 20,000–18,000 rcbp. Reconstruction of the LGM environment of Siberia,
based on the latest models and compilations, provides a background for human existence in this region. Most of Siberia and
the Russian Far East at c. 20,000–18,000 rcbp was covered by tundra and cool steppe, with some forest formations in the river
valleys. Climate was much colder and drier than it is today. Eighteen Upper Paleolithic sites in Siberia are radiocarbon dated
strictly to the LGM, and at least six of them, located in southern parts of western and eastern Siberia and the Russian Far
East, have solid evidence of occupation during that time span. It seems clear that southern Siberia was populated by humans
even at the height of the LGM, and that there was no dramatic decline or complete disappearance of humans in Siberia at that
time. The degree of human adaptation to periglacial landscapes in the mid-Upper Paleolithic of northern Eurasia was quite
high; humans coped with the cold and dry environmental conditions using microblade technology, artificial shelters, tailored
clothes, and megafaunal bones as fuel.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
47.
Modern technology lends itself to holistic exploration and widely accessible outreach. New technology allows scientists studying
our planet either from space or deep under the seas, to explore and reveal both natural and cultural resources that have previously
escaped our scrutiny. However, the use of these new technologies is expensive and often the exclusive tool of industrial research.
Yet, these new technologies can lead the way to greater collaboration, better science and more public access. In 2003 and
2004, a landmark project, combining government agencies, industrial technology and outreach set new standards in collaborative
scientific exploration. The project focused on six shipwrecks at depth in the Gulf of Mexico. The questions posed by the project
illuminate how science and industry can collaborate to produce remarkable results. The papers presented in this issue form
a model for deepwater exploration. 相似文献
48.
Peter Bleed 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2008,15(1):154-166
Skill is a challenging topic for archeologists because it requires balancing the biases of cultural relativity with the commonsense
understanding that some humans are more able than others. Using the content and results model of technology, this paper identifies
skill as a variable of technological knowledge with recognizable material results. Late Paleolithic Japanese blade and microblade
assemblages suggest that skill differentials exist on the cognitive, operational, and motor levels. These examples, together
with ethnoarcheological consideration of modern potters suggest material reflections of technical skill. These include regularity
in performance and product, skilled tools, and obvious signs of practice. 相似文献
49.
Nyree Finlay 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2008,15(1):68-90
Skill is central to the identification of the individual within lithic analysis. Modern replication tends to focus on the
proficient flintknapper, and emphasises complex, technically demanding implements and high quality raw materials. Yet, acquiring
lithic skill is a universal process that manifests itself in various ways depending on technological strategy and raw material.
This paper presents the results of a programme of experimental replication that explores notions of consistency and identity.
Based on Mesolithic blade technology, using direct percussion reduction and variable pebble resources, it compares knappers
with different experience and identifies some salient parameters of individual performance. 相似文献
50.