Commuting and migration

This paper studies the connection between interregional commuting and interregional migration, using data from the Czech Republic. In principle, prior commuting could either raise or lower the propensity to migrate, depending on whether the existence of commuting alters the benefits of migration by more than it changes the costs. The Czech data, however, indicate that commuting raises the likelihood of migration overall and for nonelderly age groups. But for the elderly, the effect is the reverse, with prior commuting making migration less likely.     

Design and evaluation of an Open Web Platform cartography lab curriculum

Recent shifts in web map technology away from proprietary software and toward development on the Open Web Platform have increased the number and complexity of technical skills needed to do cartography on the Web. Web-based cartography curricula likewise must be adapted to prepare geography, cartography, and GIS students with the skills needed to make use of open source technology. This paper describes the design and evaluation of a novel curriculum for the laboratory component of a web mapping course offered by a university geography department. We drew from constructivist educational theory to create a scaffolded and spiralled lab curriculum that builds on prior understanding and progressively increases student independence and confidence. We evaluated the success of the new curriculum through an instructor log, student feedback on assignments, and an exit survey. The evaluation revealed significant growth in student abilities and confidence in the use of Open Web Platform-based mapping tools as a result of the curriculum scaffolding. This research provides a methodology for designing and evaluating curriculum around highly technical skills that are increasingly in demand in research, education, and industry careers.     

文物保存微环境中的氮氧化物集成净化

氮氧化物(NOx)是环境中的重要污染物,是文物保存环境的重大威胁,不仅其本身会对文物产生严重危害,而且与其他污染物如硫氧化物和有机酸耦合会加剧侵蚀。为此,本研究采用光催化预处理与生物质吸附集成技术净化文物保存微环境空气中低浓度的氮氧化物。实验结果表明:直接使用竹屑、杉木屑、落叶松、稻壳和稻糠生物质可去除NOx;在520℃下炭化的竹炭对NOx去除率可达75%。NOx的光催化效率随流速升高而降低,当NOx中混有有机酸时集成净化效率会出现波动。对光催化和吸附的不同组合进行了比较,最优组合可使NO和NO2浓度分别降至1.98μg/m3和1.80μg/m3。     

人的空间行为与公共秩序管理

本文从人的空间行为入手,分析了人的行为特征与空间的对应关系,探讨了针对人的空间行为进行公共秩序管理的具体方法。     

基于腾讯位置数据的中国城市居民航空出行时空特征

随着中国经济社会的快速发展,航空出行成为居民出行方式的重要组成部分,并影响着城市格局。本文基于2019年4月28日—5月10日国内215个机场的腾讯定位请求数据,分析中国城市居民在工作日和五一假日两个场景下的航空出行时空特征,进而探究其与城市格局的关系。结果表明：①中国城市居民航空出行在空间上,总体呈现东部沿海高于内陆地区,且中部地区相对较低的特点;②在时间上,多集中在工作日,且京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝等经济发达地区的中心城市更偏向“工作日优势型”,而中部地区及西南部地区的非区域中心城市更偏向“假日优势型”,并呈现以24小时为周期的下降、上升和波动的日变化,与工作日相比,五一假日提前2小时进入波动期,且居民假日航班时间选择更偏向在下午3点和晚上8点前后;③在工作日和假日两类场景下,所呈现的聚类等级分化与其所在城市规模之间关联性较强,在一定程度上接近城市金字塔的规模等级分布特征。     

开放存取:一种获取信息资源的全新途径

文章论述了开放存取产生的历史背景、内涵及实现方式,重点对开放存取的作用和意义进行了分析。     

History of Deforestation and Reforestation in the Dinaric Karst

The term karst derives from the Kras plateau, which is in the northwestern part of the area now known as the Dinaric Karst. The landscape consists mostly of Mesozoic carbonate rocks and stretches along the Adriatic Sea coast for a distance of 600 km. Although the region lies parallel to the sea, the Mediterranean temperature influence is limited to a narrow coastal belt, except for the amount of precipitation, which can reach 5000 mm yr^?1. Forests belonging to the Mediterranean and Euro‐Siberian – North American region, covered the primary Dinaric Karst. Human deforestation of the Karst began during the Neolithic period, 6500–6000 BC. Throughout history there have been two main reasons for deforestation; economic (the requirements of new land, pastures, timber use and trade), and social (local increases in population, mass migration, wars, raids). Mankind's perception of forest protection and preservation can be traced through documents going back to the 12th century. Reforestation is mentioned in some of them, but successful reforestation did not begin until the 1850s. Nowadays dense natural forests, extensive forest plantations, dry karst shrublands and also completely barren karst areas can all be found on the Dinaric Karst.     

甘肃玉门火烧沟遗址出土红-黄色混合颜料的再分析

古代颜料的科学分析一直是考古学研究和艺术史研究的重要内容,分析和确定颜料的矿物成分,对于中国古代科技史研究具有很重要的意义。本工作利用扫描电子显微镜和激光拉曼显微镜对玉门火烧沟遗址出土的红黄色颜料进行了分析,确定了红黄色混合颜料是雄黄、拟雄黄、三氧化二砷、硫磺与石膏的混合物。     

Breathless: Schools, Air Toxics, and Environmental Justice in California

The exposure of children to environmental disamenities has emerged as a key policy concern in recent years, with some analysts and activists suggesting that minority children are disproportionately impacted. Utilizing a dataset that combines air toxics at the census tract level with school-based demographic and other information, this article indicates disparate exposures for students of color in California schools and suggests that there may be negative impacts on one measure of academic performance, even after controlling for other factors usually associated with test scores. Policy implications include a special focus on school remediation and strengthening overall efforts to reduce emissions "hot spots."     

Aerostatic spacing: on things becoming lighter than air

The development of practical aerostatic or lighter than air balloon flight in 1783 marked the emergence of a new way of being and becoming mobile, one that also involved an important technical and experiential transformation in earth–atmosphere relations. This paper narrates an account of the distinctive kinds of spaces of which aerostatic flight is generative. At the centre of this account is the claim that the affective materiality of aerostatic flight is simultaneously processual and possessing of what political theorist Jane Bennett calls 'thing-power'. In developing this claim, the paper draws from a range of historical and contemporary accounts of aerostatic flight in order to elaborate upon three aspects of the spaces of things becoming aerostatic: the distinctive kinds of sensing of which aerostatic flight is generative; the differential qualities of affectivity in which the movement and materiality of aerostatic things participates; and the kinds of vertiginous events in which the felt movement – actual or anticipated – of aerostatic things is implicated. The paper concludes by speculating upon how attending to the distinctive and sometimes disquieting materiality of aerostatic things might contribute to geographical engagements with the spaces of air and atmosphere.