古陶瓷完整器元素成分无损分析的实现（一）——方法确认和总体设计

文物的无损检测是文物科学研究中非常重要的一个研究方向,也是文物科学保护研究不可或缺的前期分析工作。上海博物馆文物保护与考古科学实验室计划以古陶瓷的无损分析为先导,陆续扩大研究对象的范围及研究深度,同时也不断完善各类分析手段。在大量文献调研的基础上,报道了古陶瓷完整器元素成分无损分析方法研究的前半部分工作:研究方法的确认和总体设计。     

区域民俗文化旅游资源的定量评价研究——九寨沟藏族民俗文化与江苏吴文化民俗旅游资源比较研究之二

区域民俗文化是旅游地旅游资源的组成因子。有关其专项定量评价目前尚不完善。本文以九寨沟藏族民俗及江苏吴文化民俗旅游资源为例,对民俗文化旅游资源评价进行尝试。针对已有固定结构权重评价模型适应性较弱的现状,本文尝试了具有能够反映主导民俗类型的可变权重的主成分优先法对两个地区的民俗旅游资源进行了评价。同时,本文利用游客态度调查结果,对九寨沟民俗旅游资源进行了公众体验性评价。     

可持续发展——中国理智的选择

本文对可持续发展战略的由来及含义做了详尽的说明,并结合中国的实际,探讨了在中国实行可持续发展战略的必要性及实现途径。提出在中国实现可持续发展是一项长期的、艰苦的任务,首先应转变经济发展模式,确立以保护环境和合理利用资源为核心的经济发展战略;利用市场机制和经济手段,促进市场经济与环境保护的协调配合;同时要采取有效的人口政策,控制人口增长;并通过建设生态农业和完善城市建设,加强农村与城市的环境综合整治。     

连锁超市空间结构模式

连锁超市具有网络型的空间结构。优化超市空间结构,要根据各要素的区位指向、适宜服务半径,合理布局;并使各要素的数量配比、规模与城市规模相适应。     

The accumulation of stochastic copying errors causes drift in culturally transmitted technologies: Quantifying Clovis evolutionary dynamics

The archaeological record is the empirical record of human cultural evolution. By measuring rates of change in archaeological data through time and space it is possible to estimate both the various evolutionary mechanisms that contribute to the generation of archaeological variation, and the social learning rules involved in the transmission of cultural information. Here we show that the recently proposed accumulated copying error model [Eerkens, J.W., Lipo, C.P., 2005. Cultural transmission, copying errors, and the generation of variation in material culture and the archaeological record. Journal of Anthropology archaeology 24, 316–334.] provides a rich, quantitative framework with which to model the cultural transmission of quantitative data. Using analytical arguments, we find that the accumulated copying error model predicts negative drift in quantitative data due to the proportional nature of compounded copying errors (i.e., neutral mutations), and the multiplicative process of cultural transmission. Further, we find that the theoretically predicted rate of drift in long-lived technologies is remarkably close to the observed reduction of Clovis projectile point size through time and space across North America.     

探索非公有制企业党建工作的新路子——对互助县非公有制企业党建工作的调查与思考

随着市场经济的不断发展,非公有制经济已经成为国民经济的重要组成部分,其地位和作用越来越重要。搞好非公有制企业党建工作,事关党的路线方针政策在非公有制企业的贯彻落实。党的组织机构应针对新时期非公有制企业党建工作的特点,不断探索研究非公有制企业党建工作的新路子。     

基于扎根理论的美国游客中国意象研究

旅游目的地意象是入境游客对目的地认知的核心内容,也是其对外传播中国形象的主要载体.本文以旅华美国游客为研究对象,以旅游目的地意象为研究内容,通过4批次全程客流跟踪的调研方式获取了开放式语句资料.采用扎根理论的研究方法,开放式编码抽取了旅华美国游客对中国意象认知的11个主范畴,主轴编码构建了典范模型,继而开发了入境游客目的地意象认知的故事线.研究结果表明：旅游吸引物、自然环境、人文环境及社会特征是游客目的地意象形成的因果条件;目的地所提供的各项旅游服务以及人际互动成为重要的中介条件;目的地意象形成的主要脉络是情感涉入;游客的目的地城市意象会刺激并促使游客产生行为意图.     

Domestic troubles,national identity discourse,and China's attitude towards the West, 2003–2012

Prior to its recent, much discussed international ‘assertiveness’, China's attitude to the West had deteriorated, as reflected in official discourse of national identity. Drawing from political science and social psychology literature on identity studies, I argue that the discursive pattern of national identity can shift as a function of an elite strategy to exclude internal others through opposition to foreign others. Internally exclusionary nationalism, often employed by elites during major crises, is instrumental to consolidating control and maintaining order. But when targeting internal opponents alone is politically inconvenient or lacks public resonance, elites will accentuate ethnocentric national identity discourse vis‐a‐vis foreign nations in order to reinforce internal battles and divert popular discontent externally. An interpretive analysis of the official texts of Chinese national identity discourse during the Hu Jintao decade, supplemented by quantitative data, shows a significant correlation between the regime's fear of internal instability and bottom‐up political opposition on the one hand and the timing and intensity of ethnocentric identity discourse regarding the West on the other. The party‐state negatively framed the West in order to shift the blame for domestic troubles onto foreigners and discredit internal resistance.     

Seismic Assessment of a Monumental Building through Nonlinear Analyses of a 3D Solid Model

ABSTRACT

The paper analyzes the static behavior and the seismic vulnerability of the “San Francesco ad Alto” building in Ancona (Italy), which is currently used as a Regional Headquarter of the Marche Region by the Italian Army and was formerly a monastery. The global static structural behavior and the dynamic properties have been evaluated using the Finite Element modeling technique, in which the nonlinear behavior of masonry has been taken into account by proper constitutive laws. The concepts of homogenized material and smeared cracking are used to evaluate the capacity of the monastery to withstand lateral loads together with the expected demands resulting from seismic actions (N2 method), using a nonlinear static analysis (pushover). The comparison of seismic demand and capacity confirms the susceptibility of these types of buildings to extensive damage and collapse, as frequently observed in similar buildings. This paper aims to point out that advanced numerical analyses can offer significant information on the understanding of the actual structural behavior of historical buildings. It is believed that the methodology and the overall conclusions of this case study are valid for many historical monasteries in Europe.     

Seismic Behavior of RC Wide Beam-Column Connections Under Dynamic Loading

In this article, the seismic behavior of RC wide beam-column connections designed primarily for gravity loads is evaluated experimentally. A 2/3 scale model of one exterior and one interior connection is constructed and subjected to seismic simulations on a shaking table until collapse. The results of the tests indicate that: (a) the drift at yield is from 3 to 6 times higher than, for example, the 0.5% admitted by Eurocode 8 to satisfy the “damage limitation requirement;” (b) the beam-column joints do not fail; (c) the torsion in the spandrel beams governs the overall load-displacement relationship of the exterior connections and limits the ultimate strength. Based on the test results, a nonlinear model for predicting the hysteretic behavior and the failure of the connections is suggested. The model can be implemented in a computer code for evaluating the vulnerability of this type of structure through nonlinear dynamic response analyses.