读江泽民同志关于学习历史的论述

江泽民同志认为学习历史具有重要的意义和作用。他关于学习历史重要性的论述既具有历史传承性 ,又具有现实性 ,同时还极富针对性。他指出了学习历史的主要内容和所要达到的目的 ,提出了观察和认识历史的视角 ,这些对学习历史和研究历史具有十分重要的意义。他还提出了学习历史所应坚持的原则和方法 ,为我们学习和研究历史指明了方向。     

城市居住空间分异的理论基础与研究层次

本系统总结国外城市社会地理学自60年代以来的发展,作认为激进马克思主义流派的社会空间统一体理论应当是城市居住空间分异研究的理论基础。该理论认为城市地域内人地关系一一人类与他们生活的物质、社会环境的关系构成研究城市社会地理的基础。人(个体与群体)与周围的环境之间的双向互动(Interacting)的连续过程,就是社会空间统一体：一方面,人创造、调整城市空间,同时他们生活工作的空间又是他们存在的物质、社会基础。邻里、社区可改变、创造和保持定居的价值观、态度和行为;另一方面,价值观、态度和行为这些派生之物也不可避免地影响邻里和社区,而且连续的城市过程产生变化的城市空间,使经济、人口、社会和科技力量在不同水平上相互作用得以延续和发展。本系统介绍了社会空间统一体理论的发展沿革,然后指明城市居住空间研究的层次。     

魂系敦煌──新版“九十春秋敦煌五十年”选载(三)

新中国成立后 ,常书鸿先生随中国文化代表团前往印度、缅甸访问 ,尔后考察了麦积山、炳灵寺和新疆石窟。在社会主义新政策指引和中央的关怀重视下 ,敦煌莫高窟得到了全面维修加固 ,研究所的人力、物力、财力也得到了加强。常书鸿先生满怀对敦煌艺术的热爱 ,带领全所人员展开了大规模的临摹和研究工作 ,取得了一系列成就 ,为敦煌艺术的保护和弘扬做出了重要贡献。     

《九十春秋——敦煌五十年》新版前言

作者系常书鸿先生的夫人,她在这篇短文中,真切叙述了常先生的人生境遇、对敦煌艺术的痴情、自传写作由来和成书过程以及新版在甘肃出版的缘由。     

中外犯罪地理规律实证研究

任何一种犯罪都是犯罪行为者在特定的地理时空内进行的,因此,犯罪行为无不受地理环境的影响而呈现出地理规律性。本文用犯罪地理学、行为地理学和人类生物学的观点,结合国内外犯罪规律实证研究,系统地探讨了犯罪的行为地理规律、自然地理规律、社会地理规律和犯罪的人工环境规律。这些犯罪规律实证研究,在理论上有利于促进犯罪地理学和犯罪学的发展,在实践上可为制定犯罪防控决策提供科学依据。     

1927-1937年中国的学术研究

1927-1937年是中国近代学术研究发展较快的十年,出现了中央研究院、北平研究院及中国西部科学院等一批近代意义上的科研机构,各高校学术研究水平也有较大进展.这一时期的学术发展,对此后学术格局有着重要的影响.     

‘Protectionism,obviously, is not dead’: A case study on New Zealand's biosecurity policy and the causes-of-effects of economic interests

New Zealand is valuable as an extreme case in agricultural trade liberalisation and in market-oriented national biosecurity policy, for exploring the causes-of-effects of economic interests on national biosecurity policy. The article argues that the state is the best advocate of agro-economic interests and that international negotiations on trade liberalisation played a decisive role in the protectionist and economic orientation of New Zealand's biosecurity policies. The study contributes to improving theoretical work on the relationship between international cooperation and domestic reform politics. It suggests a historical-institutionalist and dynamic perspective which incorporates the role of institutionalised vested interests and effect of timing and sequencing. This perspective helps to explain why states' policy preferences originate from economic interests and why patterns of interaction between international and national processes have such a strong effect.

新西兰作为农业贸易自由化以及市场导向的 生物安全政策的一个极端案例,对探讨经济利益与国家生物安全政策的因果联系,是非常有价值的。作者认为,政府是农业经济利益的最佳辩护师,贸易自由化的国际协商对于新西兰生物安全政策的保护主义及经济的取向起了决定性作用。本研究致力于完善有关国际合作及国内改革政策之间关系的理论探讨。本文建议采用一种历史—制度主义以及动态的视角,将制度化的既得利益以及时间、时序的作用纳入视野。这样一种视角有助于解释为什么政府的政策倾向源自经济利益,为什么国际过程与国家过程的互动模式会有如此强烈的效果。     

Paper 2: Climatic Study of the Underground Archaeological Site Coudenberg

Abstract

The excavation and valorization of subterranean archaeological remains, and eventually opening a site to the public, required a proper management and conservation strategy. This strategy was based on the evaluation of the delicate balance between the requirements for public health and safety, and the protection of the archaeological remains from future degradation. Controlling the climate can be essential for a preventive conservation strategy, which can be defined as an indirect action to increase the life expectancy of the archaeological remains, and by doing so keeping them in a preferred state of conservation to mitigate damage and/or deterioration.

Potential risks and possible interventions are outlined to avoid climatic conditions which are in conflict with the requirements for the visitors’ comfort while preventing damage phenomena to the materials.     

宣州制笔业的兴衰及其成因探析

宣笔在中国毛笔发展史上具有重要地位,不仅是唐宋时期毛笔的杰出代表,而且对湖笔等毛笔制作技艺的发展产生过重要影响。宣笔兴起的主因是拥有原料优势,持续蓬勃发展的动力是掌握核心技艺和不断推陈出新,最终走向衰落则受到政治、经济、文化等社会因素变迁的影响。     

Petrographic and geochemical investigations of the late prehistoric ceramics from Sos Höyük,Erzurum (Eastern Anatolia)

Ceramics from the late prehistoric periods at Sos Höyük, in Eastern Anatolia, located along a thoroughfare that connects the Trans-Caucasus, Iran and central Anatolia, were subjected to petrographic and X-ray fluorescence analysis in order to characterise the clay groups, with a view to determining provenance and production patterns. Dominated by Kura-Araxes Ware, the data from the sequence at Sos Höyük were compared with the previous studies from the neighbouring regions to understand commonalities in pottery production. The analyses reveal a local production of vessels, most probably for household use. Although Sos Höyük potters shared similarities in the procurement pattern of raw clays and production technique with their neighbours, differences can be also recognized.