中国古墨与现代墨元素成分研究

对中国古墨（汉墨、明墨与清墨）与不同产地的现代墨元素成分作了对比分析。用离子背散射测定墨中常量元素C、N、O的含量,用质子激发X荧光法测定微量元素K、Ca、Ti、Cu、Fe等10种元素的含量。实验结果表明,古墨中微量元素K、Ca的含量比现代徽墨、沪墨高10倍以上,而现代徽墨与沪墨中元素N和An的含量也有明显的差别。     

近代以来新疆艺术述论(1840-1999)

本文把近代以来新疆艺术发展划分成三个阶段,对各艺术种类在不同时期的演变进行了概括性的研究,认为新疆艺术和中国政治社会变化密切相关,各阶段的新疆艺术既有其鲜明的时代烙印,也深刻地体现着其独具的传统特点;虽然新疆艺术受东、西方文化和艺术潮流的影响,但是此期中国内地艺术的影响深刻而全面。     

近代墨学复兴与晚清儒学

墨学曾为先秦显学,西汉以降湮没无闻,但在19世纪重新显露并渐趋复兴.详究此中原因,除西学东渐、社会变动等外缘因素之外,墨学在近代的重振还受到中国传统学术发展的内在理路的制约.乾嘉考据学的高度发展及儒学正统地位在近代的衰落,不但为近代墨学复兴提供了起点与机遇,而且影响着近代墨学的治学途径和风格.     

孟子“性善”思想的现代诠释

孟子认为人区别于禽兽的只是“人性善”,它源于人类共有的同情之心。因为人特有理性精神——反思能力,人人可以发现自己的“本心”,人人也可以成为“尧舜”。“人性善”是孟子“仁政”学说的基石。然而把“人性善”作为“平天下”功业的起点,也使其诞生之日起就有了巨大的消极意义。可是,现代人视人性为物质生活,社会生活等等所决定,也使人类为了从精神家园逃离,失去了生存的终极意义。把“人性善”作为终极的价值理性或许可以拯救这一现代病。     

论“中国近代史”学科的形成

中国的中国近代史学科形成于 2 0世纪 3 0年代。从学术史的角度看 ,中国近代史学科的形成主要是由于 :(一 )新材料的发现 ,包括清内阁大库明清档案的发现及海外中国近代史资料的搜求 ,特别是清内阁大库明清档案的发现 ,直接改变了学者关于近代史的观念 ,导致了中国近代史研究的兴起 ;(二 )史学新思想、新方法的输入 ,可以说 ,中国近代史学科的形成 ,就是新史料运用新史学的实践的结果 ,具体表现在三个方面 :一是进步史观的输入导致了中国近代史“近代化叙事模式”的确立 ;二是重视史法的倾向导致了中国近代史编撰模式的转变 ;三是普遍史的倾向导致了中国近代史内容的更新     

The Shuidonggou site complex: new excavations and implications for the earliest Late Paleolithic in North China

The initial Late Paleolithic, said to appear between 40 and 30 kya in eastern Asia, is defined by the appearance of many innovations. These archaeological indicators include the appearance of more refined stone tool making techniques (e.g., include the appearance of blade and microblade technology), complex hearth construction, use of pigments and personal ornamentation, as well as worked faunal implements such as bone and antler tools. We report here new findings from a multidisciplinary research project conducted at the Shuidonggou (Choei-tong-keou) site complex in northern China, a series of localities that date from the initial Late Paleolithic to the Neolithic.     

Interpretative scenarios emerging from plant micro- and macroremains in the Iron Age site of Salut,Sultanate of Oman

The archaeobotanical research carried out in the Iron Age site of Salut (north Oman) gives insights on various interpretative scenarios: the ancient vegetation surrounding the site, oasis farming, and possible ritual practices. The landscape was dominated by dry shrublands with, among others, acacia, jujube and tamarisk that were exploited for obtaining timber and firewood. Agricultural practices mainly consisted of date palm, cereal and sesame cultivation. By comparing the datasets it was possible to assess that the date palm had various uses in this site: one hypothesis involves its offering in ceremonial practices. This third scenario suggests a new way of interpreting some of the plant remains in an archaeological site as Salut, a multipurpose site including a possibly cultic function.     

货币战争:近代中国对外国在华发行钞票的抵制北大核心CSSCI

外国银行在华发钞的走势与列强的侵华路线相一致,从通商口岸深入京畿堂奥,从边疆商埠渐及内地城乡。外钞在华泛滥成灾,引起中国官绅商民的抵制,东北是中外攻防激烈的地区。近代时段,伴随中华民族的觉醒,中国力谋收回金融主权,中外之间展开了没有硝烟的货币战争。中方采取的主要举措有:颁行统一币制的法令章程;建立中国的银行体系;积极发行中国纸钞;直接限禁外钞。1934年的法币改革后,外钞基本退出中国的发行市场。货币战争只有在中华人民共和国建立后才彻底取得最终胜利。     

Dying for the fatherland: Thomas Abbt's theory of aesthetic patriotism

This article aims to dissect Thomas Abbt's (1738–1766) theory of aesthetic patriotism as laid out in his On Dying for the Fatherland (1761) and his prize-essay On Mathematical, Metaphysical and Moral Certainty (1763). Aesthetic idioms, such as the emphasis on the intrinsic pleasure from the order and beauty of virtue, had been invoked throughout the eighteenth century to vindicate the morally optimistic view of humanity against the sceptical vision of an exclusively utility-centred mankind. In the post-Montesquieu debates on the moral foundations of modern politics, German-speaking authors in particular, from both republics (Switzerland) and monarchies (Prussia), appropriated the aesthetic idioms in order to reject those theories which grounded patriotism in some sort of self-interest or proclaimed it redundant in modern society. Thomas Abbt was one of the most prominent representatives of this intellectual position. Combining the general emphasis of Shaftesbury on the role of aesthetic appreciation in moral and political agency with the more specific German Baumgartenian analysis of ‘beauty’ as a central principle in human ‘empirical psychology’, Abbt argued that patriotism in modern monarchies could be grounded in an aesthetic passion of enthusiasm generated through sensuous examples of great virtue. The example of a king fighting for his country on the battlefield could inspire monarchical subjects to follow his example as well as regenerate patriotism among them. Abbt was adamant that patriotism based on aesthetic foundations had to be supported and stabilised by a pervasive patriotic culture of remembrance and emulation of dead heroes through the fine arts, as well as by a system of meritocratic honour in the army.