Widows' lives and rights over family property in the Tang and Song dynasties

By investigating the Tang-Song examples of widows remaining chastity or inviting a jiejiaofu (second husband) into the deceased husbands’ families, this article analyzes widows’ lives and their right to inherit their deceased husbands’ family properties. The conclusion is that widows had only “rights of management,” but not the “possessive right,” over their deceased husbands’ properties. Moreover, the qualities of widows’ lives in their in-law’s families depended on their relationships with the deceased husbands’ brothers. When being treated unfairly, widows often resorted to “the power of the maternal uncle” in order to defend their benefits.     

明清临清贡砖生产及其社会影响

明清两代修建北京皇宫各大殿和紫禁城城墙,以及皇家陵寝所用大青砖,绝大部分是山东临清州烧造。从明初到清末的四五百年中,临清因京杭大运河的贯通而成为北方重要的工商业城市和漕运咽喉,又因其便利的交通和适宜的土质等特殊优势成为明清两朝的贡砖烧造基地。临清的贡砖生产虽间有停废,但一直受到朝廷的严格掌控,形成了一套系统的管理制度和生产方式。大规模的贡砖烧造一方面促进了临清工商业的繁荣和生产结构的改变,同时也加重了民众和漕运官军负担,对明清时期的临清社会带来了巨大的影响。     

The expansion of water communication and transportation between north and south China during the Six dynasties

Although a split and turbulent age, the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern dynasties, known as the Six dynasties, witnessed a continuous expansion of waterway communication and transportation between north and south China. A significant waterway from Hangzhou to Tianjin held the greatest potential for development during this period, eventually leading to the construction of the Grand Canal in the Sui dynasty. __________ Translated from: Wuhan Daxue Xuebao 武汉大学学报: 人文科学版 (Wuhan University Journal, Humanity Sciences), Vol. 2, 2004     

河南商周青铜器蝉纹及其相关问题

早在红山文化、良渚文化时期就已出现了玉蝉,而蝉纹最早出现在青铜器上是在商代.本文对河南商周青铜器上的蝉纹进行归纳、梳理,把他们分为无足蝉纹、两足蝉纹、四足蝉纹和变形蝉纹四种类别,并对该纹饰的有关问题略述管见.     

《汉魏南北朝墓志汇编》标点辨误

赵超《汉魏南北朝墓志汇编》中,由于破散词语、文字释读不当、句子断限错误、语义层次不清等原因造成标点方面不少错误,本文从四个方面对此进行了分析与订正。     

陈宣帝太建北伐述论

陈氏太建北伐,系东晋南朝北伐史上的绝响之作。陈宣帝太建北伐的政治策略,是联周击齐;战争进程是先取江淮,而后强争黄淮交战于周。就南北对峙军事要地与江左国土安全关系论,太建北伐是内含战略防御与战略进攻的双重底蕴的。但陈氏起于南朝末造,经济武备均不及北朝,陈宣帝不能审此而失之烛远,穷兵远略将不可避免最终的失败。太建北伐始胜于周齐交争之隙,终败于北周统一北方之际,要在“合纵图齐”政略选择的失误;太建北伐最终归于失败,要在不仅折兵阃外再失淮泗,而影响亦及于南北统一的历史进程。     

“釜底之水”: 明清时期文安洼的水患与治理

河北文安、大城两县境内的文安洼,地处大清河、子牙河水系下游,地势低洼,“形如釜底”,导致积水难以泄出,历史时期常发生严重的洪涝灾害。明清时期文安县通过修筑堤防、开凿引河、营田种稻等多种措施治理文安洼,但水患仍频。文安洼水患难以治理的原因,既包括文安洼区域本身低洼的地形与大清河、子牙河下游流域淤高等环境因素,也包括文安县与周边州县之间治水利益的矛盾及文安县自身的治理乏术、乏力等社会因素。     

宋元泉州外侨社区的兴衰及其启示

宋元泉州外国侨民社区的形成是一个相当值得注意的问题。作为泉州港对外经济文化交流的作业平台,它的存亡与港口的兴衰有着密切的互动关系,无论其成功的经验还是衰落的教训,对我们今天建设海洋文化、重振古港雄风都是弥足珍贵的。     

Relief services for the aged in Hunan and Hubei during the Ming and Qing dynasties

Focused on the Hunan and Hubei areas during the Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper provides a discussion on the relief services for the aged. With an emphasis on the quota and object of the aged who needs to be relieved, the constructional scale of the relief houses and the operation patterns of the institutions, it reveals the gap between the ideal and the reality, the policies and the implementation, the philosophy of the philanthropy and the limit of the government budget. __________ Translated from Wuhan University Journal (Humanity and Social Science Edition), 2004: 3     

商周球铃装饰的起源与流向

本文探讨了商周时期球铃装饰的起源和流向,从发生动因、社会背景、参考原型等三个方面讨论了球铃装饰的起源,并指出在东周时期,球铃装饰衰落,球铃转而成为一种独立的装饰品,用来缝缀在服饰上。