论中世纪和近代早期英国中央财政管理机构的沿革

中世纪时,国库、财政署和私室是英国最主要的中央财政管理机构,三个机构的命运漂浮不定,主要原因是国王及其王室才是财政管理的中心所在。都铎时期,国王们为加强对财政的个人控制,建立了私室财政体制。斯图亚特王朝建立初期,中央财政管理一仍旧惯,但1612年的管理革新实践却奠定了后来国库复兴的基础。综观这一时期的财政管理机构的沿革可知,连续性、渐进性、经验性和灵活性是它的主要特点。     

唐番禺县治所考

本文通过对相关历史文献记载的细致考证,认为原为南海郡附郭县的番禺县在隋文帝开皇十年(590年)曾被省并,武则天长安三年(703年)又在广州重置番禺县,但唐代新的番禺县治已南迁至今广州海珠区珠江南岸一带,故而已不是广州的附郭县,并指出唐代广州地区行政建置的相关调整,大致是为了适应广州城以南的珠江三角洲地区尤其是江南洲的经济开发与行政管理的需要。     

Tell el-Hesi: A type site for reevaluating so-called ‘Egyptian Governors’ Residencies’ of the south

In 1984 Eliezer Oren identified a series of structures found at 13th and 12th centuries BCE sites of southern Canaan, calling them Egyptian Governors’ Residencies. He identified Bliss’s City IV as a defining site. In 2000 Blakely identified Petrie’s Pilaster Building as a second example from Tell el-Hesi. It is now clear that Bliss’s City IV dates to the 13th century and that some of its architectural elements were salvaged after its destruction to build Petrie’s Pilaster Building in the 12th century. All of the southern examples are found in an agricultural zone of uncertainty where there is no clear likelihood of a harvestable crop in any given normal year. As it happens, the 13th and especially the 12th centuries BCE were far from normal, being a period of drought and extreme drought. Thus no crops could have been expected. This suggests the structures could not have been centres for the collection of a grain harvest tax, the accepted view. Rather, one wonders if the sites did not monitor a large pasturage.     

The Challenges of Financial Responsibility in the Tribal Administration of Bechuanaland Protectorate, 1919–1966

Abstract

This account of tribal finances in Bechuanaland Protectorate under British colonial rule argues that while the treasury dispensation made the tribes responsible for their finances, it also brought about a new dynamic and challenge in tribal communities as a result of a new monetary and financial system. Little or inadequate remuneration led to low morale, theft, and the employment of incompetent personnel in some instances. The colonial authority needed the chiefs to run tribal affairs and for political stability. As a result, chiefs often escaped unpunished whenever they were involved in peculation of funds. On the other hand, when tribal revenue workers did the same they were harshly dealt with. Efficiency and corruption in the treasury system differed from one area to another and was dependent on the character of the chief in the area.     

论明王朝治理安多藏区的策略及成效

安多在明朝经营整个藏区中具有特殊作用。明王朝把安多看作是经营整个藏区的示范区和桥头堡。明王朝对藏区的治理沿袭元制,并有所突破和创新治理安多藏区的原则是羁縻与怀柔并举,主要措施有“土流参治”、“僧官制度”及官办“茶马互市”等。总体而言,明王朝在安多藏区的治理是成功的,值得肯定的。     

走出传统:北洋政府时期的县公署制度

清代州县行政存在组织机构不健全、行政与司法不分和财政家产制等封建性弊病。北洋政府时期,县行政长官任用私人势力履行县政职能的情况开始得到改变,司法与行政开始有所分离,法制化的行政经费制度开始建立。所有这些改革均具有重要意义,标志着中国的县行政制度开始摆脱传统而走向现代。     

会展城市营销的几个基本问题

本文从分析会展城市整体营销的实质入手,论述了会展城市营销的必要性、对象、内容及常见的误区,在此基础上提出了会展城市营销的三种具体操作方式。     

金代镇的若干问题研究

金代镇的数目与其系年问题尚无确论,本文经过研究认为,至章宗泰和八年金代存有镇518个,之前曾有镇578个。金代镇的长官职同宋代的镇监,称为"知镇",被纳入国家职官建制之中;镇上另设有同监、巡检、司吏、提控等官员,与知镇共同负责民事、词讼、税收、户口、治安、防御等事务。定居人口的增加和镇市建筑的修建表明镇已具有了城镇的完备形态,并承担着经济、行政和军事等诸多职能。     

把握党的执政理念的科学视角

党的执政理念是党执政的宗旨所在,是党的执政规律的集中体现。深入把握和领会党的执政理念,则必须坚持科学的视角。从根本上说,党的执政理念的核心是价值取向,党的执政理念的基础是权力来源,“三个代表”是党的执政理念的最新阐述。这三个方面,就是我们把握和认识党的执政理念的科学视角。     

论党的执政能力建设的制度构建

加强党的执政能力建设,必须以制度创新形成一整套更加科学、民主、法制的执政体制和机制。为此,必须推进党内关系的民主化,构建党内民主的科学制度;必须推进党政关系的法制化,构建依法执政的科学制度;必须推进党与社会关系的和谐化,构建有效调解社会利益的科学制度;必须推进政党制度建设的规范化和程序化,构建党际关系的科学制度。