宜城市周代文化遗址调查简报(之三)

2007年11月,武汉大学历史地理研究所联合宜城市博物馆在宜城境内进行第三次考古调查,重点踏勘了宜城北境、汉江西岸的周代文化遗存,探讨楚文化中心区域与其它地区的内在关系,考察楚文化发展、演变的轨迹。本次调查加深了我们对相关遗址大致年代和文化内涵的认识,对于促进楚国都城与疆域演变等课题的研究有一定帮助。     

Archaeological Heritage in Guatemala: Indigenous Perspectives on the Ruins of Iximche’

In Guatemala local perspectives on heritage often remain unheard. In this paper a case study is presented to show the complex relationship between the highland site of Iximche’ and Tecpán, an Indigenous community nearby. Although Iximche’ is of little importance to the local economy, its significance is derived from its role as a field for different kinds of social and religious interactions. Traces of a spiritual relationship to this place can be dated back to the colonial period and today Maya from all over Guatemala go there to perform ceremonies. The place has also become a focal point of identity constructions for locals, Pan Mayan activists and the nation itself. The ruins of Iximche’ play an important role in the construction of collective memory which also includes ideas coming from external players such as Christian churches, the national government, Mayan activists, and archaeologists as well.     

宜城市几处东周文化遗址调查简报

2006年12月,武汉大学历史地理研究所与宜城市博物馆联合在宜城境内开展进一步的田野考古调查,着重踏勘了分布在蛮河流域的东周秦汉遗址,探讨它们与楚国都城和楚文化的发展、演变关系,此次调查不但加深了对这一地区已知东周文化遗址的认识,同时还发现了几处新遗址。     

重庆晒网坝一座蜀汉墓发掘简报

2001年在重庆万州晒网坝遗址发掘的编号为CWTM10的墓葬被确定为蜀汉时期墓葬,这是该遗址中唯一一座可确定的蜀汉墓。该墓出土的30件陶器和陶俑成为遗址断代的重要依据。     

河南巩义市黄冶窑址发掘简报

2002～2004年,河南省文物考古研究所、中国文物研究所等单位联合对巩义市黄冶窑址进行了四次发掘,发掘面积2429平方米,发现窑炉10座、作坊5处和淘洗池、澄泥池等遗迹。出土瓷器、三彩、白釉绿彩器皿和各类窑具等遗物3000多件,为了解黄冶窑的文化面貌提供了丰富的实物资料。     

湖北丹江口市毛家洼旧石器遗址调查

湖北丹江口市石鼓一带的旧石器遗存非常丰富,在约2平方千米的区域内发现旧石器时代晚期遗址5处,毛家洼是其中之一。该遗址发现于上世纪80年代,后又发现石制品200余件。这批石制品可分为石核、石片、刮削器、砍砸器、尖状器五大类。其原料均为燧石,石核的利用率高,石器的素材多石片,石器中以刮削器为主。     

汴河故道上的虹桥遗踪——淮北柳孜运河遗址“石构建筑”新探

安徽淮北市境内的柳孜运河遗址是全国重点文物保护单位,它有一个较大的石砌建筑遗物。有关专家认为:它可能是宋代的码头。但是根据相关中外文献考证,它是北宋时期所建造的无柱飞桥(俗称虹桥)的桥墩遗迹。     

Methods of soil P analysis in archaeology

Phosphorus (P) is unique among the elements in being a sensitive and persistent indicator of human activity. It has long been of interest to archaeologists because of its potential to inform them about the presence of past human occupation and to offer clues regarding the type and intensity of human activity. A wide variety of methods have been developed in both soil science and in archaeology to extract and measure soil P, resulting in a tremendous amount of data and a wide array of interpretations, but also considerable confusion over appropriateness of methods and terminology. The primary purpose of this paper is to address these issues by clarifying soil P analyses. Anthropogenic additions of phosphorus to the soil come from human refuse and waste, burials, the products of animal husbandry in barns, pens, and on livestock paths, or intentional enrichment from soil fertilizer. Once added to the soil, phosphorus in its common form as phosphate is stable and generally immobile in soils. Soil P comes in many forms, organized for the purposes of this paper on the basis of extraction and measurement procedures as (1) extraction for available P (Pav); (2) portable field techniques (the spot test or ring test); (3) chemical digestion of a soil sample for total P (Ptot); (4) extractions of inorganic P (Pin) for fractionation studies and extractions to look at individual compounds of P; (5) measurements of organic P (Porg); and (6) extractions for total elemental analysis. To compare the suitability of various extractants as the “best” indicator of human input and activity we subjected samples from three very different archaeological sites (Lubbock Lake, TX; Hulburt Creek, IA; British Camp, WA) to four methods of soil P extraction: perchloric acid digestion (Ptot), sulfuric–nitric acid extraction Ptot), hydrochloric acid extraction after ignition (Pin), and citric acid extraction (Pav). Further, methods of measurement were compared via colorimetry vs. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) spectrometry, and the two methods of supposed “total P” were both measured via ICP. In general, the stronger extractants yielded more soil P, but the result are not clear-cut. Likely variables include the intensity of occupation, nature of the parent material, and postdepositional weathering (e.g., the addition of dust).     

1998年鹤壁市、淇县晚商遗址考古调查报告

1998年7月,中国社会科学院考古研究所等对淇县境内和鹤壁市直接管辖区域内的一批晚商遗址进行了调查,以期从考古材料出发,寻找殷都朝歌遗存的线索,为今后围绕朝歌这一期望的目标所进行的考古工作提供科学依据。调查发现有新石器时代、商周遗址,但没有找到商代朝歌遗址及其切实存在的证据。     

庐江大神墩遗址发掘简报

大神墩遗址是在修建合安高速公路时发现的,属安徽江淮一带典型的台形遗址,总共发掘面积 330平方米。大神墩遗址文化层堆积薄,遗迹遗物相对简单。出土陶器以鬲为大宗,其次有豆、盆、三足盘和盉等,尤其是盉,特征明显,可能是江淮之间群舒文化因素的来源。