中共第一代领导集体对西藏工作的认识

中共第一代领导集体认为：“西藏人口虽不多,但国际地位极重要”;“西藏是个了不起的地方”,“西藏如果不参加祖国的大家庭,这个家庭的事便不好办了,西藏在祖国大家庭里占有很重要的地位”;西藏地处祖国边疆,地理位置特殊;民族宗教问题比较突出;游牧业经济与基础比较落后;历史上曾遭受帝国主义侵略,遗留问题多,情况比较复杂;自然条件比较特殊。     

战后日本自民党社会统合能力分析--于政治体系的系统输入一侧

复旦大学林尚立先生的《政党政治与现代化：日本的历史与现实》一书是对战后日本政党政治,尤其是对自民党“一党独大”现象进行系统研究的一部力作。但书中有关日本自民党社会统合作用的论述只言及自民党在政治体系的系统输出一侧的社会统合战略,忽视了自民党在政治系统输入一侧的社会统合功能。本文借林尚立先生的这一论述缺欠,指出了这一问题在日本政治研究中的普遍性,并在此基础上,结合西方政治体系、政治系统理论中政党统合功能的相关论述,对日本自民党在政治系统输入一侧的社会统合能力及其根源进行了概括性的论述。     

中共第三代领导集体党风建设理论的形成与发展

中共第三代领导集体的党风建设理论,是理论与实践相结合、逻辑与历史相一致原则的典范。这一理论紧紧围绕“密切党同人民群众的联系”这一主题,提出了许多重要而精辟的思想,初步形成了一个比较系统、完整的科学体系,为丰富和发展党风建设理论做出了重大贡献。     

论日本共产党的在野党外交

随着全球化趋势的加强,政党外交成为国际政治中不可忽视的现象。上世纪90年代后期开始,日本共产党力图通过积极开展外交活动彰显其生命力。本文认为日本外交的困境和共产主义运动面临的现实压力是日共推动在野党外交的主要原因。在野党外交作为日共的一种政策和理论,有其形成过程,在实践中也取得了很多成果。然而,在野党外交的成功并不能从根本上改变日共在日本政坛的地位。     

‘An Alternative to Imperialism’: Leonard Woolf,The Labour Party and Imperial Internationalism, 1915–1922

This article examines writings by the British Labour Party theorist Leonard Woolf on international government, imperialism, and the League of Nations. Woolf was a leading member of a group of party officials who supported a deepening commitment to the League of Nations in the immediate post First World War period. Woolf, and his colleagues in the Labour Party, argued that transforming the practice of economic imperialism in European colonies would help to ease tensions between the European powers. The result of such arguments was to present empire as a canvas for displaying an improved sense of European virtue. In particular, abandoning the practice of economic imperialism could instead allow colonial powers to meet their responsibility to ready colonial peoples for self-government and full participation in the global economy. The reforms proposed by Woolf and his Labour Party colleagues could be considered a last gasp of early twentieth century British imperial internationalism.     

Courting white southerners: Theodore Roosevelt’s quest for the heart of the South

Most studies of President Theodore Roosevelt address his “southern strategy” to revive the Republican Party’s fortunes in a region where it was effectively shut out by 1900. This essay revisits Roosevelt’s approach to the South between 1901 and 1912 and argues that wooing white southerners away from the Democratic Party, more than any other approach, represented Roosevelt’s overriding strategy for the revitalization of the southern GOP.     

Fighting over friends and neighbors: The effect of inter-candidate geographic distance on intra-party competition

Previous studies on intra-party competition have largely neglected the role played by geographic distance between co-partisan candidates. In this study, we argue that candidates who live further away from intra-party competitors on the same party list benefit electorally from their remoteness. Moreover, we contend that the electoral effectiveness of exhibiting local personal vote attributes – a theoretically and empirically well-established candidate strategy to cultivate personal votes – also depends on the geographical proximity of localized co-partisan candidates. Using a unique and untapped dataset of more than 5,000 Finnish election candidates' home address coordinates over four consecutive parliamentary elections (1999–2011), we run beta regression models to examine the effects of candidate remoteness and nearest candidates' local characteristics on intra-party vote shares. To measure the remoteness of a particular candidate, we develop a novel index based on the distribution of co-partisans over concentric circles around that candidate. The empirical analyses show that the effect of geographic remoteness depends on local party strength and the degree of urbanization: candidates particularly benefit from more distant co-partisans in party strongholds and rural and suburban municipalities. Moreover, all models confirm that nearby located localized co-partisans decrease a candidate's own vote share. These findings have important implications for politicians' careers, party nomination strategies and future empirical research on intra-party competition.     

Overlapping rivalries: the two Germanys,Israel and the Cold War

The case of early German-Israeli relations offers unique insight into the dynamics of the German Cold War. As this article shows, the two Germanys were ideologically and geopolitically antithetical, but vis-a-vis the question of relations with Israel East and West German representatives faced a situation that was uniquely related to the German past and to the German Cold War competition.     

Greening cultural policy

Abstract

This article focuses on greening cultural policy within a sustainable development context. We examine shortcomings of major public-policy responses to the ecological crisis, linking this to the ambivalent philosophical heritage of anthropocentric worldviews that underpin ideas about the relation of culture to non-human nature. This ambivalence is reflected by weak environmentalism in the cultural policy arena, exemplified by surprisingly non-green cultural platforms espoused by green political parties. Green thinking is further hampered by the widespread adoption of digitisation within cultural organizations, which we contextualise in the broader political economy of digital capitalism and the attendant myth that high-tech culture is a low emissions business. Green cultural policy necessitates intensive self-examination of cultural institutions’ environmental impact, at the same time these institutions deploy art, education, entertainment, sports, and news to raise awareness of ecological crisis and alternative models of economic activity. We cite the efforts of activist artists’ resistance against fossil fuel corporations’ sponsorship of arts and cultural organizations as a welcome provocation for greening cultural policy within cultural organizations and green political parties alike.     

Transnational militancy in Cold-War Europe: gender,human rights,and the WIDF during the Greek Civil War

This paper examines the involvement of the Women’s International Democratic Federation (WIDF) in the politics of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949). The article’s specific focus is on the organisation’s international campaigns for the end of state-sanctioned persecution of leftists, especially women, and the re-instatement of democracy in Greece, utilising the expanding human-rights system at the United Nations. It draws on selected WIDF and United Nations (UN) documents, in addition to primary and secondary materials relating to the cold war and the Greek Civil War.