试述竹材在古代采矿中的作用

本阐述了铜绿山古铜矿遗址竹质遗迹、遗物的出土情况、种类、形状、规格、编制方法、用途等,揭示了竹材在商周至西汉时期的深井采矿中的重要作用。中列举的大量资料,对研究竹材应用史和竹篾器加工、编织技术发展史具有较高的参考价值。     

四川大邑县高山古城遗址出土新石器时代动物骨骼遗存

通过对四川大邑县高山古城遗址2015、2016年出土动物骨骼遗存做了比较详细的鉴定、测量、统计和分析,可以肯定为家畜的仅有猪和狗。从出土动物骨骼的NISP、MNI统计来看,家猪的比重均占绝对优势,NISP占比达93.78%,MNI占比为86.49%;家猪上、下第三臼齿的长度、宽度较小,均处于家猪第三臼齿的长、宽参数范围内;从猪的年龄结构来看,以月龄10~20个月为主,也与一般农耕聚落家猪的宰杀年龄结构相符。鉴于以上三个方面的观察,可以推断高山古城先民饲养家猪的技术比较成熟且稳定,饲养家猪也是先民肉食资源最主要的获取途径。而狗所占的比重不高,占NISP、MNI的比重分别为3.76%和5.41%,可能多用做狩猎伴侣或其他。结果表明宝墩文化时期的高山古城先民以饲养家猪作为获取肉食资源的主要途径,当时的家畜饲养技术比较成熟稳定,而稻-粟混作的农业体系无疑为家畜的饲养奠定了坚实的基础。     

偃师二里头遗址的都城空间结构及其特征

在最新考古发掘报告与前贤时俊研究的基础上,分析了偃师二里头遗址的都城空间结构及其特征。二里头都城的选址经过了周密的考虑。都城布局经过统一规划,属于单一城制即单一宫城形态的都城,其规划采取了按功能划分为不同分区的结构方法。宫城是一种"非城郭形态"的宫城,具有多宫城性质。二里头都城空间的形成大体经过四个阶段。都城空间的演变过程及其阶段性特征,与夏王朝的历史发展密切相关,是其时社会发展在都城空间领域的集中反映。二里头遗址是我国古代最早的具有明确规划的都城,后世中国古代都城营建制度的许多方面都可以追溯至二里头都城。     

登封王城岗遗址浮选结果及分析

王城岗遗址包含有自龙山晚期至春秋时期基本连续的文化堆积,应用浮选法从中发现了丰富的古代植物遗存,包括有粟、黍、稻谷、小麦和大豆五种农作物品种。本文通过对浮选结果的量化分析,认识和了解当地农业生产特点及其变化规律,为深入探讨古代农业发展与华夏文明起源之间的关系提供新的资料和启示。     

Effects of Soil Characterization on the Seismic Input

This paper is aimed at determining the effects of the soil characterization on the seismic input to use for seismic assessment. Three different soil profiles have been assembled to represent the stratigraphies found through a proper experimental investigation, carefully described, and alternative seismic site response analyses have been performed. The surface spectra obtained from the seismic site response analysis (SRA) are very different from each other, thus evidencing the importance of carefully describing soil stratigraphy. Furthermore, the comparison among the surface records found for different return periods has shown a limited sensitivity of the SRA to the seismic intensity.     

Characterization and damage assessment of stones used in the Pasargadae World Heritage Site,Achaemenian period

The architectural remains at Pasargadae were built of three different stones classified according to their colors (beige, dark-gray, and green-gray). The stones show different macroscopic features, such as texture and decay patterns. The aim of this study is to identify the composition of the stones and to evaluate the main decay factors through petrographic studies in order to make conservation decisions more compatible. Petrochemical analyses show that the stones are in fact limestones with different features; two of them have a compact texture (beige and dark-gray stones), while the third has a fairly porous structure (green-gray stone). In some beige stone samples, dolomite was identified. Despite the fact that the presence of salt is a possible decay factor, X-ray diffraction analysis did not report any salt. According to SEM observations, the main reasons for decay in dark-gray and green-gray stones are the dissolution of calcite crystals and the swelling of clay minerals. The main decay factor in the beige stone, by contrast, is dissolution induced by microorganism activity. However, a patina formed by lichens on the surface of the beige stone, although aesthetically detrimental, protects it against further decay.     

云南昆明市西山区天子庙遗址发掘报告

天子庙遗址位于滇池西北岸的昆明西山的脚下。发掘的主要区域为高海高速公路建设所占地。发现遗迹很少,发掘出土物绝大部分为遗址的地层所出,对于从遗址角度了解石寨山文化的面貌十分重要。     

Social Values and Rock Art Tourism: An Ethnographic Study of the Huashan Rock Art Area (China)

The rapid expansion of cultural tourism has led to increased numbers of visitors to rock art sites throughout the world. The rise of rock art tourism has affected not only the preservation of rock art sites, but also the social values attributed to the sites by communities in the immediate vicinity. Social values refer to the social and cultural meanings that a place of heritage holds for a particular community. This article aims to discuss the influence of tourism on the social values that uphold local communities’ emotional attachment to rock art heritage, using the Huashan rock art area in China as a case study. Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape is the first rock art heritage in China proposed to be inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List and officially obtained World Heritage Status in July 2016. This article argues that many of the changes generated by the endeavour towards tourism promotion by the authorities in their pursuit of World Heritage designation have contributed to the reinforcement of the social values under discussion. However, negative feelings among the communities in response to the undesired consequences of the designation campaign might have resulted in the attenuation of such values. The ultimate goal of the research is to prompt further reflection on existing rock art heritage management mechanisms both in China and worldwide.     

申明铺遗址出土铁器的工艺考察

申明铺遗址(编号2004.HN.X.A-5)位于河南省南阳市淅川县滔河乡申明铺村北,丹江南岸的河边台地上,遗址出土铁器的器形有釜、鍪、环首刀、剑、铧、锸、削、灯、锛、环、席镇等。年代跨越较大,从战国到清代都有,但以汉代为主。为揭示该遗址铁器制造工艺及相关问题,应用金相显微镜、扫描电镜能谱分析仪(SEM-EDS)等检测手段,对采集于申明铺遗址的铁质农具、兵器、手工工具及生活用具等14件铁器残片进行了金相及扫描电镜能谱分析。结果表明,对硬度、强度、韧性等机械性能要求较高的农具和兵器多采用固体脱碳技术;较大型的炊具,如铁釜、铁鍪等则采用白口铁、麻口铁及灰口铁等铸造工艺。从一个侧面表明,战国至汉代,我国南阳地区的冶铁水平业已十分高超。     

内蒙古赤峰市二道井子遗址的发掘

2009年4～11月,内蒙古文物考古研究所对赤峰市红山区二道井子遗址进行了考古发掘。清理城墙、环壕、院落、房屋、道路、窖穴、灰坑、墓葬等遗迹305处,出土陶器、石器、骨器、玉器等遗物1千余件。该遗址的发掘,为夏家店下层文化聚落考古的深入研究提供了科学依据。