湖北孝感市叶家庙新石器时代城址发掘简报

2008年,湖北省文物考古研究所等单位对叶家庙遗址进行了发掘,这是近年来长江中游史前城址聚落考古的一次重要发现。发现的文化遗存大致分为三期,相当于屈家岭文化早期、屈家岭文化晚期和石家河文化早期。城垣兴建于屈家岭文化晚期。城外墓地的使用时间则从屈家岭文化早期延续至石家河文化早期。     

颛顼“绝地天通”与凌家滩“龟卜”

颛顼"绝地天通"历来被视为原始宗教的重大改革,从文献学、民族学角度来解读具有丰富的内涵。根据考古材料论定龙山文化时期骨卜的普化暗合"绝地天通"所反映的巫觋功能的专门化。这就科学确定了"绝地天通"的年代学意义。而含山凌家滩玉龟和玉版"龟卜"的种种迹象,说明在接近颛顼时代之前",原始八卦"也已经基本定型。     

Phosphates, plowzones, and plazas: a minimally invasive approach to settlement structure of plowed village sites

Inferences about settlement structure play an important role in explanations of social and political change in Late Prehistoric eastern North America, but ethical and logistical challenges posed by extensive horizontal excavations mean that archaeologists must develop low cost, minimally invasive methods for investigating key properties of village structure. There are two important components of most villages in the region: 1) the peripheral distribution of middens; and 2) the size and location of formal communal spaces or plazas, each of which leaves traces in soil chemistry. In shallowly buried, plowed village sites where artifacts have been physically displaced, the chemical signature of middens may be more resistant to disturbance and provide an enduring signature of ancient settlement structure. We conducted a systematic soil phosphorus survey at the Reinhardt Site (33PI880) in central Ohio, the primary occupation of which occurred during the Late Prehistoric Period (ca. AD 1200-1450), to test for the presence and approximate size of a central plaza and the shape and distribution of peripheral midden deposits. Soil samples from the modern plowzone (N = 131) were analyzed for Mehlich II extractable phosphorus using molybdate colorimetry. The interpolated phosphorus distributions indicate a clear ring midden approximately 90 m across with an internal plaza that is roughly 30 m × 40 m. Artifact distributions from a shovel test pit survey and interpolations of plowzone magnetic susceptibility measurements identify the location of the village but are ambiguous with regards to village size and do not clearly distinguish the central plaza. Our results suggest that systematic surveys of soil phosphorus are a rapid, minimally invasive, and inexpensive method for generating data on the size and shape of villages and their plazas.     

2011年陕西省考古研究院考古发掘新收获

2011年,陕西省考古研究院开展考古调查、勘探、发掘工作140余项,取得了众多新的收获。其中有延续往年的周公庙遗址、秦汉和唐代帝陵、凤栖原西汉家族墓地等项目,也有洛南盆地张豁口旧石器地点、神木县石峁遗址、神木县木柱柱梁遗址、黄陵县寨头河战国戎人墓地等新开展的工作。其中洛南盆地张豁口旧石器地点和黄陵县寨头河战国戎人墓地以其新的发现引人注目,神木县石峁遗址的工作有望对峁玉器等问题提供更多答案。凤栖原西汉家族墓地、蓝田北宋吕氏家族墓园获得了2010年全国十大考古新发现。     

郑州大河村遗址仰韶文化“高粱”遗存的再研究

高粱(Sorghum bicolor)是禾本科植物的一个种,是非洲特有的植物并最早在乍得-苏丹地区得以驯化[1]。中国史前时期是否存在高粱一直是一桩疑案。很多争论是基于对古文献中若干文字是否为高粱的诠释,但也有10余处考古遗址确曾报道发现高粱遗存,年代从新石器时代一直延续到唐代[2]     

“二里头商都说”的再检视

2005年以来公布的二里头等遗址的测年数据,对现有的“二里头夏都说”与“郑亳说”构成了挑战.借此契机,有必要反思二里头遗址研究的得失.测年数据以及二里头文化晚期的考古学考察,对于二里头文化三、四期已经进入商代的观点是有利的.二里头遗址是探索夏文化的重要对象,但将其落实到夏都斟鄩尚有疑点.     

广州南越国宫署遗址出土五代十国刻款瓷器研究

广州是五代十国南汉国的都城兴王府所在地,自1995年以来,在南越国宫署遗址发掘出南汉国时期的宫殿和池苑等遗迹,出土大量晚唐至五代十国时期的陶瓷器,部分瓷器还刻写有“掌要局”“要”“女”“卢”“昌”“官”等款识,内容涉及南汉宫殿、内廷官署、职官和皇帝宠臣等.这些瓷器既有五代越窑生产的秘色瓷,也有定窑和景德镇窑白瓷,还有南...     

Late Holocene climatic fluctuations and soil genesis in southern Patagonia: effects on the archaeological record

Geoarchaeological research conducted at five localities in southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego identified a mollisol within late Holocene aeolian and colluvial deposits associated with archaeological material. The mollisol's origin and development are related to an increase in humidity (c. 1000 BP) following an episode of severe drought during the Medieval Warm Period. Corroborating data is supplied from dendroclimatic and pollen studies. A drastic reduction in frequency of artefact distribution recorded at the sites studied corresponds to this pedologic event, suggesting a greater human presence at these sites during earlier, regional-scale arid conditions. However, the paucity of archaeological remains may also be the result of the low resolution of cultural evidence following the pedologic development due to superimposition over previous archaeological deposits.     

湖北宜城老鸹仓遗址试掘报告

老鸹仓遗址位于湖北省宜城市,面积约60000平方米,为配合襄荆高速公路的建设,湖北省物考古研究所于2000年对该遗址进行了试掘,试掘面积为130平方米。此次发掘共揭露屈家岭化灰坑3座、房址1座、瓮棺4座,石家河化灰坑10座、灰沟2条、房址一座、墓葬2座及瓮棺4座。屈家岭化的出土物包括陶碗、豆、盆、罐、杯、纺轮,骨族、簪以及动物遗存等;石家河化的出土物包括陶碗、豆、鼎、杯、罐、网坠、纺轮,骨针,石斧以及动物遗存等。此次发掘为这两种化的分期提供了新的依据。     

湖北钟祥崔家台新石器时代遗址调查简报

湖北钟祥崔家台新石器时代遗址发现于二十世纪五十年代中后期,2008年钟祥市博物馆对该遗址进行了一次复查。通过对采集标本的分析,认识到该遗址的文化面貌属边畈文化、屈家岭文化和石家河文化三个时期。本次调查进一步了解了本区域新石器时代文化特别是边畈文化一、二期文化遗存的分布,对以后探讨边畈文化的内涵和与其他文化的关系提供了重要的实物资料。