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21.
近年发掘的北赵晋国墓地为研究西周考古、历史等提供了极其宝贵的资料。该墓地中出土的大量铜器,引起了专家学者的广泛关注,研究成果涵盖很多方面,但仍有若干问题悬而未决,北赵墓地中墓主身份问题 相似文献
22.
PAUL CLAVAL 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》2006,97(3):209-221
Political geography and geopolitics were built on the same basic postulate as political sciences and the theory of international relations: the nation‐state was the relevant scale for all types of analysis. This postulate was a reasonable one at the time of the Treaties of Westphalia. This type of polity triumphed on the international scene at the time when Hobbes wrote the Leviathan. The basis of the social contract implicit in the perspective was simple: in order to achieve personal security, everybody gave up the parcel of freedom (and the associated use of violence) he was naturally endowed with, and delegated it to the Leviathan, the State. The only field where competition between human beings was legitimate at the most elementary level was that of economy. The evolution of the international scene does not only result from the evolution of weaponry or communication and transport technologies. For many persons today, renouncing any parcel of their individual freedom appears as a mutilation of their egos. There was a general agreement in the past on the scale where the analysis of political action had to be developed: it has disappeared. For a growing part of modern societies, inter‐individual or local competition may take a political form and rely on the use of violence at all the levels, including the micro‐scale. It means that political geography and geopolitics have increasingly to allow for the variety of scales of political action and the changing relations between the competition for power, wealth and status which are present in every society. 相似文献
23.
Ala Şveţ 《History & Anthropology》2013,24(1):98-116
This article focuses on the performance of three national holidays in Transnistria in the context of the ongoing consolidation of Transnistrian society since 1991. Transnistrian leaders play a key role in the construction of a distinct Transnistrian regional identity; hence this paper pays close attention to the speeches of Transnistrian leaders as reported in the mass media. In addition, I also base my conclusions on interviews with the residents of Rybnita. I was able to observe and describe the official commemorations of the anniversary of the October Revolution, May Day and Victory Day, all key Soviet holidays which are still celebrated in Transnistria, mostly by the older generation and members of the Communist Party. The theoretical framework of the article, therefore, relies on a constructivist approach to the nation-building process through the manipulation of public opinion by elites. 相似文献
24.
Richard L. Saunders 《Imago Mundi: The International Journal for the History of Cartography》2013,65(1):129-134
Abstract The Topographical Survey of the Orange Free State, executed by the British War Office between 1905 and 1911, was not only one of the first but also one of the finest topographical surveys to be undertaken in British colonial Africa. The motivation for this undertaking stemmed from three sources: the personal interest of Sir David Gill (H.M. Astronomer at the Cape) in the measurement of the arc of the 30th meridian; Britain's imperialistic intervention in South Africa which resulted in the South African War (1899–1902) against the Boer Republics and which stressed the need for reliable military maps for warfare as well as for the general defence of the new colonies; and the need for accurate maps for purposes of colonial administration and land tenure. The survey took five and a half years to complete, and the 1: 125,000 series (G.S.G.S. 2230) that was compiled represented the only accurate maps of this part of the continent for almost seven decades. 相似文献
25.
本文着重从道教史内部重新考察了三张“二十四治”与东晋以降南方道教“静室”的关系,认为“二十四治”组织本身就是三张以后理论化的产物,而南方道教“静室”本有自身的历史渊源,其实质亦与“二十四治”迥然有别。将“静室”与“二十四治”相联系,实乃东晋至南朝道教整理者拟托的结果。 相似文献
26.
27.
This paper examines points during the 1930s in which the colonial state in Nyasaland attempted and failed to bring groundnuts more into the colonial export economy. Nyasaland colonial officials, the Department of Agriculture, European export companies and the British Colonial Office attempted to establish the groundnut as an ‘economic crop’ for African smallholder farmers in the Northern Province of Nyasaland in the 1930s. Their failure was in part due to competing and conflicting interests: payment of hut taxes, reduction of millet production, improvement of food security, payment of railway costs, and reduction of migration. Farmers actively resisted colonial efforts to sell groundnuts to European buyers. The paper addresses the question: how can we understand the nature of colonial state power in relation to Nyasaland peasant agricultural practices in the 1930s? I argue that conflicting interests within the colonial state, as well as external constraints led to efforts to both stabilize and exploit the Nyasaland farmer in the Northern Province. These competing agendas helped lead to a failed effort at groundnut promotion. Colonial officials' actions were linked to ideas about gender, ethnicity and migration. Lack of colonial scientific knowledge about groundnuts, including their gendered role in the local food system contributed to the failure. The focus on groundnuts is a lens through which to understand the nature of colonial power in Nyasaland and the role of agricultural science in the colonial state. The paper contributes to broader discussions about multiple historical geographies of colonialism, the nature of African colonial states, and the relationship of African farmers to colonial states. 相似文献
28.
LAURENCE J.C. MA YEHUA WEI 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》1997,88(3):211-225
Generalizations of regional development in socialist countries based on detailed case studies of important elements of production in different countries are needed. This study focuses on one important force that affects China's regional development: state investment in basic construction. With the exception of the Third Front period (1965-71), the more developed eastern region always enjoyed a greater proportion of state investment than the central and western regions. Three major factors affected the temporal patterns of regional distribution of state investment in China: the ideological concern for spatial equality, defense considerations arising from perceived international threats, and die practical needs of die national economy. These factors exerted different influence on die investment patterns at different times. Whereas spatial equality and economic pragmatism were major concerns during the First Five-Year Plan (1953-57), national defense greatly affected the spatial patterns of state investment during the Third Front period, and these factors brought considerable state investment to die inland regions. Since die 1978 reforms, die concern for economic efficiency, not spatial equality in development or national security, has favored die coastal region. 相似文献
29.
盱眙东阳汉墓两件木胎漆器髹漆工艺探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
江苏盱眙县境内的东阳秦汉古墓群是一处重要的秦汉遗址.迄今为止,墓葬出土了大批精美的漆器,为了解汉代广陵国髹漆工艺提供了珍贵的资料.为了解其髹漆工艺特点,采用了切片技术、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和傅立叶红外吸收光谱(FTIR)等分析方法对其中两件木胎漆器进行了分析研究.漆膜切片显示素色漆器的漆膜由漆灰层和黑色漆层构成,而彩绘漆器由三层结构组成.分别为灰地、底漆层和色漆层;XRD图谱发现漆灰层中的填料主要为石英(AiO2)和钠长石(NaAISi3O8),漆膜中的红色颜料为朱砂(HgS);红色漆膜的XRF显示了其主要元素是Hg和S,包括Ca、Si、Cu和Fe等微量元素.漆膜的FTIR分析数据显示漆膜中在1630cm-1和1576cm-1处存在着可能是苯环骨架振动的红外吸收峰.研究结果说明了本地髹漆工艺主要分为三个步骤:1)髹漆灰,漆灰层是由生漆调和研磨成细粒的钠长石矿物构成,它能制作出厚度约0.1～0.2 mm薄漆灰层;2)髹底漆,厚度约为0.02～0.09 mm;3)彩绘,红色漆膜中的颜料为朱砂,朱砂含有微量的Ca、Si、Cu和Fe等杂质,表明其来自矿采. 相似文献
30.
基于考古资料并结合前人研究成果,梳理了乡宁之鄂、沁阳之鄂、随州之鄂、南阳之鄂的地望变迁。西周早期为南控南淮夷、荆蛮,周封鄂于今随州。周夷王时,将鄂迁徙到今河南南阳市宛城区新店乡西鄂故城一带,周代南土防线亦随之收缩。约在春秋早期楚将南阳盆地纳入政治版图之时鄂国已消亡。战国中期前后,西鄂为楚封鄂君之地。垂沙之役后,鄂君东迁大冶鄂王城,始有东鄂。秦及汉初于东鄂故地设鄂县,其后又在南阳鄂国故地设县,因江夏先有鄂县,故称南阳之鄂为西鄂。湖北简称鄂与西周时期随州鄂国或南阳西鄂并无直接关系,而是与行政区划变迁及武昌九省通衢的地位日渐重要有关。武昌有“鄂”之别称,是湖北省简称鄂的直接原因。 相似文献