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731.
西安市雁塔区集中发现了一处元代家族墓,是陕西重要考古新发现之一。其中两座编号为M38、M40的墓葬残留壁画,壁画残损但颜色鲜艳,基本保留了颜料层结构信息。为了解这两座元墓壁画的颜料类型,通过剖面显微观察、扫描电子显微镜-能谱、拉曼光谱和显微红外光谱分析等多种方法,对壁画颜料成分开展了调查分析。结果显示:壁画颜料包含矿物颜料和有机染料——红色颜料有铅丹、朱砂、铁红,黑色颜料为炭黑,白色颜料为白垩,绿色颜料为石绿,蓝色颜料为石青和靛蓝;墓葬M38的壁画有白灰层,墓葬M40的壁画无白灰层。靛蓝的应用是西安地区继唐代韩休墓壁画中发现之后的又一使用实例,为靛蓝在元代作为绘画材料在壁画中的使用提供了新的资料。研究结果也将为两处元代墓葬壁画后续的保护修复提供重要参考。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe majority of research on residential architecture of Shanghai has focused on modern Shikumen. While in Shanghai, there are more than seventy representative residential buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties, which demonstrate great achievements in technology and art; few efforts have been made on them. Via literature research and on-site investigation, this article contributes to the investigation of timber frames of tingtang of Ming and Qing residences in Shanghai. It studies the characteristics and influential mechanism from three aspects. First, it reviews the history of residences development in Shanghai. Second, it interprets the establishment of the timber frame style. Through-jointed frame in ancient Wu Area was influenced by the space need and the Central Plains’ raised-beam frame. It finally evolved into “zhengtie raised-beam frame + biantie through-jointed frame” style by Xiangshan Bang carpenters. Third, the article discusses the regional characteristics of being material economic and flexible collocation, which reflects the local customs. The study clarifies the importance of social background influence on timber frames of tingtang of Ming and Qing residences in Shanghai. It is one of the series of architectural studies in Jiangnan region, and appeals for more attention to the protection and maintenance of traditional architectures in Shanghai. 相似文献
734.
明代兵备道最初因弹压动乱而设,具备鲜明的军事特征。明中期后,为集中权力、增强对地方控制,明廷将兵备道与分巡道大量合并,致其于治乱之外渐具行政、监察等其他职能。目前学界将兵备道多驻于动乱或冲要之地归因于其治乱之职能,这其实是一种误读,忽略了兵备道本质上并非单纯的军事单位,而是重要的地方治理机构。以郴桂兵备道为例,梳理其由设立至嘉靖年间与分巡上湖南道的合并,再至万历时驻扎方案确定的过程,可知兵备道驻地选择与明廷地方治理策略密切相关。该策略转变下的兵备道职能拓展、巡抚间博弈等因素,对兵备道的驻地选择产生了重要影响。 相似文献
735.
魏晋玄学对于史学家袁宏的史学思想有着重要的影响 ,他的“道明其本 ,儒言其用”、为政“贵在安静”和智者“顺势而为”等观点的提出 ,表明其史学思想具有明显的玄学倾向。 相似文献
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