近现代文物信息载体联袂简说

近现代实用物被确认为文物之后,要经过一系列复杂的工作程序,才能正式入藏和利用.实际就是制备填报、记录、反映、影射、体现文物信息的六类载体.六类信息载体各自有不同的内容模式、规则要求、独具特色等,以及利用诀窍,联袂简说,求得指正.有的尚待深化改革和挖掘开发,希冀同仁关注.     

论“民间艺人”的保护与传承——也谈非物质文化遗产的保护

民间艺人是非物质文化遗产保护与传承的载体,尊重和保护民间艺人,关注他们的生存状态,提高他们的社会地位和经济地位,以及支持和保障民间艺人传承活动的开展,是各级政府、文化单位乃至教育部门应该重视的一项工作。     

关于文物古迹价值评估的几点认识

本文通过对文物古迹价值及价值评估理念的研究,结合我国目前文物保护实践中价值评估存在的认识误区,深入思考了建立一套以价值评估为核心内容的,保存与延续文物古迹全部价值为导向的工作方法,希望能作为《中国文物古迹保护准则》的补充和完善,以指导我们的文物保护工作。     

“Shop-lease Contract with Sar-qofli” in the Post-Iranian Revolution Era: Deletion of “Haqq-e kasb o pisheh o tejārat” from the Law of Lessor–Lessee Relationships

In contemporary Iran, many shops are under the “shop-lease contract with sar-qofli.” In this contract, sar-qofli, a strong usufructuary right supported by intangible assets such as the shop's reputation, is given to the tenant. The “shop-lease contract with sar-qofli” originated from a traditional merchants' custom in Iran's business quarters. After the 1979 Revolution, the Law of Lessor–Lessee Relationships, which provides a legal framework for the practice of “shop-lease contract with sar-qofli,” was completely revised, since Islamic jurists regarded haqq-e kasb o pisheh o tejārat as problematic. Haqq-e kasb o pisheh o tejārat, the legal designation of sar-qofli, was based on a heterogeneous value concept introduced into the Iranian legal system from abroad during World War II. As a result of this revision, another alternative for asset management was granted to shop owners. Nevertheless, “shop-lease contract with sar-qofli” remains the most widely employed form of lease in Iran's property lease market.     

Using Information Technologies for Collaborative Learning in Geography: A case study from Canada

In this paper, we share our experiences in designing, offering and evaluating undergraduate assignments that used information technologies to help undergraduate students from different universities collaborate on resource and environmental management problems in Canada. We focus on conditions of collaborative learning and peer review, especially how our uses of information technology reduced or increased the challenges of creating the conditions necessary for collaboration. In particular, we consider our successes and setbacks regarding five challenges: (1) composing effective groups, (2) providing sufficient time, (3) encouraging individual accountability, (4) enhancing regional perspectives, and (5) incorporating peer review and reducing competitiveness.     

Intellectual Property Issues in Archaeological Publication: Some Questions to Consider

For the past 4 years, in concert with a growing number of colleagues, we have been examining intellectual property issues within archaeology and the larger realm of cultural heritage. This topic is garnering increased attention as archaeologists, descendent communities, and other stakeholders grapple with difficult questions about the uses and abuses of cultural knowledge and research data. Our work seeks to identify the issues, examine the circumstances under which they arise, and disseminate policies and practices that lead to a better understanding of what is at stake and how to approach a resolution. Here we are commenting on what questions might be considered in a situation in which photographs portraying tribal members or cultural sites taken during the course of a project conducted on tribal land in the United States are to be printed as part of a public site report or other publication. Thinking through these issues beforehand can result in positive resolution and also promote increased awareness of and sensitivity to actual or potential intellectual property issues related to archaeological practice.     

浮梁磁局及其窑场与产品探

根据相关实物和文献推知,浮梁磁局的设置很可能与当时元廷需要质“纯”的祭器有关,湖田窑刘家坞烧造的“玉”字铭器等,很可能就是至元八年成立的“元宸院”在至元十五年浮梁磁局成立之初烧造的第一批制品。元代磁局的管理者,在泰定间已由中央政府派员管理改为饶州路总管监督;其时的“官窑”很可能是选择了景德镇地区奈件较好,有一定基础的民窑作为定点窑场．官匠可能居此进行皇家用瓷的烧造。从目前掌握的考古资料看,磁局的窑场大概在湖田窑和珠山明御厂一带。磁局产品除学界一般公认的传世品中一些有特异纹饰的制品和珠山明御厂故址与湖田窑出土的一些带有明显元代官窑特征的产品外,著名的“至正十一年”铭青花象耳瓶以及与该器类型相似的制品,当为磁局工匠为民间订烧的制品,亦属磁局烧制的官窑产品。     

非物质文化与地方文化建设——以“六朝古都”南京为例

作为南京城市文化代名词的六朝文化,实质是一种非物质精神文化。地方政府在城市文化建设上应该把握非物质精神文化的特点,发挥文化想象,将六朝精神文化有机地结合到城市文化建设中去,通过媒体、教育等精神文化部门,将主要存于文学、艺术以及历史文献中的六朝精神文化整合到地方文化软实力建设中,使六朝精神文化成为具有再生意义和实践功能的动力源。     

世界文化遗产宏村——解析宏村空间形态发展结构因素

宏村村落形态充满了丰富的传统文化内涵,整个村落布局似“牛”形,反映出当时村民对牛的崇拜;民居的厅堂厢房以中轴线对称,其布局和功能体现了“长幼有序,男尊女卑”的等级思想;从栋宇鳞次、庭院相贯、雕饰如画的宅居,又可以看出一向克勤克俭的徽州商人正朝着商业资本转化,追求奢侈享乐的生活。总之,宏村的空间结构不只是满足人对物质的需要,更是满足人对精神的需求。