Exportando “marginalidad”: Consuelo Tamayo Hernández, “la Tortajada” (1867–1957)

Abstract

Although nowadays barely remembered, the dancer and singer Consuelo Tamayo Hernández, “la Tortajada” (1867–1957), once was a Spanish performer of considerable talent. She was a diva skilled at self-fashioning who knew how to exploit her public image both on and off stage. Born in Santa Fe (Granada, Spain), Tortajada hardly ever performed in her country of birth. But although her presence on the Spanish stage was merely marginal, as a “Spanish dancer” she achieved celebrity status in the music halls of Europe and the United States. Tortajada perfectly exemplifies the mobility and cultural transfer that took place between the cosmopolitan stages at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. This article explores how Tortajada obtained international fame and success, not so much because of the authenticity of her performances—which were often contaminated by the music halls where she performed—but because of her ability to export a certain idea of Spanish “otherness” and “marginality” by staging a series of traditional movements and dances. It is by skillfully embodying a stereotype construction of “Spanishness” (elapsing it into an Oriental fantasy) and a certain type of femininity that the artist achieved international celebrity.     

Strengthening Innovation Through Closer Bilateral Integration

While the Canadian economy has outperformed the US economy over the past decade by several macroeconomic indicators, both economies have been characterized by relatively slow real economic growth and relatively high unemployment rates. One focus of bilateral cooperation that could promote improved economic, social, and environmental conditions in both countries over time is scientific and technological (S&T) innovation. It is widely acknowledged that technological change associated with innovation has been the single most important contributor to productivity growth, and it is also the likely source of success in meeting major public policy challenges facing both countries in areas such as renewable energy and health care.     

基于多源数据的兰州市主城区城市职住空间关系研究

随着中国经济转轨和社会转型，“职住分离”日趋严重，导致城市出现了一系列问题，急需对新的职住关系进行检视。职住关系研究的难点在于如何有效地锁定居住地、工作地，以及居民如何在居住地-工作地之间位移、居住-就业的空间匹配关系。论文以百度POI大数据和热力图为支撑，辅助问卷调查，结合兰州市土地利用现状图，综合应用职住比模型和最近距离等分析方法，多尺度刻画了兰州市主城区的职住关系。结果表明：在城区尺度上，兰州市职住关系总体处于平衡状态，职住平衡型占99.40%，居住倾向型和就业倾向型分别仅占0.12%和0.48%。从城市核心区到边缘区，职住失衡逐渐加重。职住平衡更多地体现在单位型社区上，失衡主要由商业型社区引致。在街道尺度上，职住关系差异明显，绝大多数街道处于职住平衡状态。城市核心区街道以“就业倾向型”为主；边缘区街道表现为“居住倾向型”。     

Production technology and knowledge transfer of calcite-tempered grey ware bowls from 2nd- to 5th-century ce Noricum (Austria)

Aspects of 2nd- to 5th-century ce Roman production technology and knowledge transfer in southern Austria (known as Noricum) were examined. With no evidence for workshops identified in the study area, 44 grey ware bowls from two sites at Aguntum and Lavant were studied macroscopically, and combined with optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, prompt gamma activation, neutron activation and scanning electron microscopy, in order to understand whether one (large) workshop supplied these bowls, or whether the bowls were produced by several (small) workshops nearby. Combined with information from the geological background, the results were used to tentatively indicate the production location. The results indicate that the grey ware bowls from Aguntum and Lavant were produced by local workshops nearby. The bowls were manufactured with similar clay sources, tempered with crushed calcite-marble rocks from the Tauern Window, their surface smoothed and burnished, and fired between 800 and 850°C in a reducing atmosphere of an open fire. This is taken to suggest that Roman potters, who were located at Aguntum and Lavant, shared strategies of raw materials selection, paste preparation, finishing and firing, and transferred technological knowledge through time.