The politics of area conservation in Cairo

The historic core of the Arab‐Islamic city has always played an integral role in the formation of the identity of the contemporary Arab city. It serves as the reference for the city’s character. This is especially so in Cairo, where historic quarters still act as the city’s most influential social and cultural source of inspiration. Today, many forces of neglect and deterioration have diminished this role. While attempts have been launched to confront this situation, they have focused mainly on restoring the historic city of Cairo, itself a World Heritage Site. This paper probes the actual reasons for the deterioration of the historic core of Cairo, as well as those that dominate the current efforts for revitalisation. In these processes it is the political dimension that is the most influential in the decision‐making affecting the proposed urban changes in historic Cairo.1 The present inquiry was supported by a workshop organised by the author to examine the attitude of the professionals representing different organisations involved in conservation in historic Cairo. This workshop was held on 12 and 13 September 2001 at the Italian Archaeological Centre in Cairo as part of the empirical work of the author’s PhD research.      

产业转型期的长三角区域海洋旅游特色产品链构建

长三角地区是我国综合实力最强的经济中心,这一地区海岸线漫长,海洋旅游资源丰富,具备了发展旅游的资源、需求、区位和产品四大优势,是重要的旅游目的地和旅游客源地。近年来,长三角地区的入境旅游增长幅度逐年下降,旅游经济在国民经济体系、对外经济体系和服务经济体系中的比重也正发生着变化,旅游业面临着转型。作为现代服务业的旅游业是无边界产业,它与其它行业的广泛融合、相互渗透,形成了多样化的产业新形态。本文剖析了长三角地区转型时期的旅游产业,分析该区域旅游产业的新形态,并提出了构建海洋特色旅游产品链的设想。     

长江三角洲大都市区划分研究——兼论中美大都市区界定指标体系的比较

本文运用中国大都市区界定指标体系,根据2002年数据对长江三角洲大都市区进行了重新划分。从划分的结果看,后者与前者相比发生较大变化。而中国大都市区界定指标体系对这种变化表现出了一定的不适应性,因此本文试图通过中美大都市区界定指标体系的比较研究为中国大都市区界定指标体系的修订提供参考。     

尺度重组理论视角下的粤港澳大湾区建设研究

粤港澳大湾区建设是由中央政府推行的新的区域发展政策安排,旨在调控国家、区域和城市尺度之间的关系进而引导资本流动以实现特定的空间发展目标,因此可视之为新一轮国家的尺度重组。借鉴西方的尺度重组理论,本文主要从大珠三角城市在经济上的空间联系以及香港问题在政治上的领域关系等两个方面,探讨关系空间如何影响到国家的尺度重组,以及国家的尺度重组对城市的尺度重组的影响。研究认为,粤港澳大湾区建设在于重塑资本流动的地方空间,为“资本固着”提供社会活动平台,继续参与国际劳动分工,深化经济合作,提高区域的全球竞争力。与此同时,国家也通过尺度重组来解决经济全球化过程中出现的领域政治问题,通过新的空间规划把边界问题纳入一体化的经济发展体系之下,保证政治稳定。中央政府把国家建设的尺度下移到粤港澳地区,促进了粤港澳的城市发生多元尺度重组策略,包括城市内部的尺度上推和尺度下移,城市外部的合作联盟和尺度政治。最后,文章从区域发展的角度分析粤港澳大湾区建设带来的影响,讨论粤港澳大湾区的建设与实践对尺度重组理论的补充和对认识国家政治经济发展的启示意义。     

New Insights into the Provenance of the Obsidian Fragments of the Island of Ustica (Palermo,Sicily)

In this study we applied a multidisciplinary approach, coupling geophysical and geochemical measurements, to unveil the provenance of 170 obsidian flakes, collected on the volcanic island of Ustica (Sicily). On this island there are some prehistoric settlements dated from the Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age. Despite not having geological outcrops of obsidian rocks, the countryside of Ustica is rich in fragments of this volcanic glass, imported from other source areas. The study of obsidian findings was carried out first through visual observations and density measurements. At least two different obsidian families have been distinguished, probably imported from Lipari and Pantelleria islands. Analysing the magnetic properties of the samples, these two main sources were confirmed, but the possibility of other provenances was inferred. Finally, we characterized the geochemical signature of the Ustica obsidians by performing microchemical analyses through electron microprobe (EMPA) and laser ablation (LA–ICP–MS). The results were compared with literature data, confirming the presence of the Lipari and Pantelleria sources (Sicily) and indicating for the first time in this part of Italy a third provenance from Palmarola island (Latium). Our results shed new light on the commercial exchanges in the peri‐Tyrrhenian area during the prehistoric age.     

东北亚地区国际经济合作的文化地理研究

本文以地域文化观点,历史地论证了东北亚地区民族文化的若干相近之点;根据东北亚地区社会经济发展的不平衡,论述了地区经济合作的必要与可能;随着地区经济的大规模合作,必然加强其间的科学文化交流,从而将产生巨大的文化地理效应,并可能在原有基础上形成更具地域性的文化圈。     

左江流域种植业区划

左江流域六县(市)地处桂西南喀斯特地区,区内农业资源和生产水平各有差异。为了配合该地区经济的全面开发,我们收集了该地区七十一个行政乡农业生产有关的特征数据,运用数学的方法--聚类分析法和电子计算机技术,对该地区农业的空间布局进行合理调整--种植业类型区划分,并分别论述各类型区的特点及今后发展方向。为该地区今后在农业生产上做到宜地适种、扬长避短,并在此基础上向区域化、集约化的农业迈进提供科学依据。     

关于山西与环渤海地区区域工业合作的思考

山西作为全国的能源重化工基地,工业结构呈现出"畸重型"特点。近年来,这种结构与市场的矛盾日益突出,山西工业处于一种不景气状态。山西工业要振兴,区域合作是捷径。山西与其东邻的环渤海地区,有着明显的地缘优势、资源互补优势和良好的合作基础。随着国家经济建设重心向中西部地区的转移,山西作为中部地区的前沿地带,很有可能成为环渤海地区向中西部转移工业的首选地区。山西应牢牢抓住这一契机,加强与环渤海地区进行多方位、多渠道、多层次的合作。其合作途径是文章重点探讨的内容。     

长江三峡库区旅游资源可持续利用研究

现代旅游业的发展建立在资源的可持续利用和环境的有效保护基础上,文章从长江三峡库区旅游业的发展现状、存在的问题、旅游资源的特征以及三峡工程兴建给长江三峡库区旅游业发展带来的深远影响分析入手,探讨了长江三峡旅游资源的开发模式与可持续利用问题。提出了三峡库区旅游资源的开发应在遵循非均衡空间开发格局的同时实施"点-轴-网"战略开发模式,并指出"一线二区三精品"的战略开发重点和可持续利用的途径。     

Measuring reduction in stone tools: an ethnoarchaeological study of Gamo hidescrapers from Ethiopia

Stone tools were knapped, not built. This truism means that tools were reduced from larger pieces in the production process. But many tools were further reduced in use, to repair damage or as edges dulled. Reduction reduced size (trivially), but also changed the proportions among tools' elements or dimensions. Such allometric variation (change in proportion as a function of change in size) is useful to estimate the degree of reduction that tools experienced. Reduction itself is a measure of curation, a theoretical concept of great interest in lithic studies and Paleolithic archaeology. To determine the reduction that archaeological tools experienced, we must compare their size and proportions at first use to the same properties at discard that we directly measure. By now many size estimates can be made from discarded tools. Some are experimentally tested but few are validated using direct ethnoarchaeological controls. We validate two allometric reduction measures—ratios of plan area to thickness and of an estimate of original to discarded volume—against direct measures of use and reduction in ethnographic Gamo hidescrapers from Ethiopia.