圆明三园中的祀庙祠宇建筑探析

清代离宫圆明园及其附园中曾经修建大量的祀庙祠宇建筑,分别以龙王、关帝、土地神、花神等各种神灵为祭祀对象,清帝与皇室成员园居期间,经常来此祭拜。本文通过文献考证,对这些建筑的分布情况、具体形制、祀典特色作了详细考证,并试图进一步揭示其历史背景和文化内涵。     

释西周金文赏赐物“甲”

本文通过对西周金文赏赐物甲进行全面的分析,同时根据铭辞文意和诸赏赐物排列规律,推测传统释为盾的一些形体应为甲;并对甲、盾二字在西周金文中的演变做了较为详细地阐述。     

鄩氏诸器铭文及其相关历史问题

周代金文所见之鄩氏,应该是文献失载的子姓之国或子姓之族,乃殷商王族之支庶,或为殷末征人方的直接产物,其地望大致在今山东济南附近。周人入主中原后,鄩氏臣服于有周,甚至直接成了齐国的附庸。两周之际,该族曾经与曹姓之邾、任姓之吕或曹姓之莒等小国联姻。春秋晚期,则为强齐所吞并。而传统的莒国改姓之说,尚有疑点,曹姓之说或更为可靠。至于鄩仲匜铭中的(?),实为吕子二字的合文,其中的(?)符,是借笔合文的指示符。     

Commemoration in Germany: Rediscovering history

In Germany a common narrative of the First World War could never be established. In the post-1918 period, explanations of Germany's defeat were highly contested between the political factions of the Weimar Republic. The subsequent Nazi tyranny, the Second World War and the Holocaust came – and continue – to overshadow any other event in German history. During the Cold War, the First World War was largely a forgotten conflict. In recent years, the federal government has remained hesitant about embracing the centenary, but countless exhibitions, seminars, books and other media productions have brought this aspect of history back to public attention from late 2013, and with it has come a renewed public debate on war guilt.

在德国是不会有共同的一战叙事的。1918年以后,对德国战败的解释成为魏玛共和国不同的政治派别的战场。接下来的纳粹独裁、二战以及大屠杀,则让德国历史上的任何其他事件黯然失色。在冷战期间,一战差不多被遗忘了。近些年联邦政府一直对庆祝百年的事犹犹豫豫。不过2013年底以来,无数的展览、研讨会、图书以及其他媒体产品使得这段历史成为公众关注的对象,关于战争的罪孽问题又起纷争。