基于离散程度的博物馆馆藏环境温湿度中长期评估方法

温湿度是评估博物馆馆藏环境的重要指标。在越来越多的博物馆对温湿度进行监测记录的情况下,需要基于"稳定适宜"的准则,探索一种科学的评估方法,为馆藏环境温湿度的调控治理提供依据。该方法以中长期的博物馆监控数据为基础,通过计算温湿度监控数据的离散度和离散系数,并结合箱线图分析数据的分布情况,对其"稳定适宜"程度进行综合量化评估。结合四川博物院2014年的温湿度监控数据的实例,验证了该方法的有效性。研究结果表明,采用基于离散程度的中长期温湿度数据评估方法,能够为下一步的馆藏环境调控治理提供依据,有助于针对性的改善博物馆文物保存环境。     

Development of a systems model to visualise the complexity of children's independent mobility

Substantial changes to the built environment, urbanisation patterns, and societal norms have contributed to limiting children's opportunities for being independently mobile. Several linear causal pathway models have been developed to understand the influences on children's independent mobility; however feedback loops between and within the various levels of influence cannot be modelled using such an approach. The purpose of this paper is to refine the interrelationships of factors related to children's independent mobility, taking into account earlier models, broader contextual factors, recent children's geographies literature, and feedback loops. Systems model components were informed by attributes known to influence children's independent mobility, related qualitative findings, and the development of a framework that could lend itself to multilevel modelling approaches. This systems model may provide a useful structure for identifying how best to develop and monitor interventions to halt the declining rates of children's independent mobility.     

邓小平绿色发展思想的历史考察

邓小平在人与自然关系的主体方面,主张控制人口,主要涉及绿色发展的人口与资源协调发展观;在人与自然关系的客体要素方面,倡行植树造林,内含了绿色发展的生态安全观、群众主体观和持续绿化观;在协调人与自然关系的支撑条件方面,强调科教对经济建设和环境建设的先导作用,突出立法建制对环保事业发展的保障作用,蕴含有绿色发展的科技观、教育观和法制观。总结和研究邓小平绿色发展思想,对于深入把握当代中国马克思主义绿色发展观的历史与理论逻辑,贯彻落实党的十八大以来关于生态文明建设的新认识、新设计、新规范,实现美丽中国梦具有重要意义。     

济南地区水文环境的演化及其规律研究

济南地表水文环境经历了唐、宋时期大明湖的形成与历水的淤失,金、元时期小清河的开凿与鹊山湖水势的消退,明、清时期护城河体系形成、黄河改道袭夺济水故道以及近、现代城市发展与地表水体的污染等主要阶段。济南地下水文状况在历史时期基本处于稳定状态,近、现代由于遭受各种人文因素的破坏而逐渐恶化,其中南部山区河川径流的破坏导致济南地下水补给量减少,以抽取地下水为主要方式的现代城市供水又导致地下水位下降和泉水的枯竭。济南水文环境的变迁是自然因素和人文因素、区域内部因素和区域外部因等综合作用的结果,具有被动性和不可逆性。     

四川地区潮湿气候环境下的馆藏陶瓷器文物的保护与修复

馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复,是文物保护与修复工作之一。由于各种原因,长期以来,全国从事陶、瓷器文物保护与修复的专业技术人员并不多,四川省博物馆在馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复工作中积累了一定的经验,因地制宜,探索出一套适合在四川地区潮湿气候环境下进行馆藏陶、瓷器文物的保护与修复的经验,以及如何正确选用保护材料和具体实施的方法与步骤。     

环保产业在国民经济中的地位和作用

正确认识环保产业在我国国民经济发展中的作用和地位,有利于促进环保产业的健康可持续发展。本文从环保产业在国民经济发展中的功能定位出发,认为环保产业是重要的基础性产业,我国环保产业的发展有着广阔的市场需求,环保产业是我国经济发展中的新增长点。     

加大柴达木盆地生态建设和环境保护力度

柴达木盆地脆弱的生态环境是制约经济开发的重要因素之一,实施生态环境保护和绿色发展战略,是地区社会经济可持续发展的必然选择。为此,要以科学发展观为指导,不断加强对公民的生态意识教育,合理利用自然资源,建立资源节约型社会,统筹人与自然的和谐发展,加大资源和环境保护的行政管理和治理力度,使生态建设和环境保护走上法制化的轨道。     

Fracture patterns among the Nubians of Semna South,Sudanese Nubia

A collection of 592 individuals from the site of Semna South in Sudanese Nubia was studied for evidence of healed fractures of the skull and appendicular skeleton. The sample included 241 males, 239 females, 109 subadults and three adults for whom a sex could not be determined. Potential analytical and interpretive bias due to vagaries of preservation was quantified and examined. Almost 21% of the adults exhibited at least one healed fracture, while only two subadults showed such trauma. Rates of fractures, calculated for each bone, varied from a high of 17.9% for the cranium to a low of 0% for the right femur. Some fractures were likely caused by the physical environment, for example, falls along the rocky shores of the Nile. Other trauma, such as craniofacial fractures, found in both males and females, may have been due to interpersonal violence. The high rate of craniofacial trauma may indicate that this group experienced social stress which could have precipitated or intensified interpersonal violence. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

区域人类社会与自然环境相互作用的类型分析及其实践意义

本文先论述了人类社会和自然环境相互作用的逻辑关系;接着对自然环境和人类社会在相互作用过程中的变化进行组合,用来反映不同的区域发展类型,根据可持续发展原理将这些类型划分成五大类,逐个分析各大类的特征;最后就这些类型进行区域性分析,按照各种不同类型在区域发展过程中可能会出现的先后次序进行组合,揭示不同区域发展现象的本质,从而为实现区域可持续发展提供理论依据和实践途径。