Communities of kin and English landed gentry families of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries

This article focuses on the kinship networks of the landed gentry of Devon, Lincolnshire and Hertfordshire in the modern period. Using national census household returns, the visitors’ books of a Devon gentry family and correspondence the article reveals dense and meaningful kinship networks centred on the main country house but also woven into the wider familial world of the gentry. Whenever possible, the inheritance of landed estates passed through the male line. But kin networks were bilateral, founded on both birth and marriage, on relations both through the male and the female line. Kin relations provided a range of services within a culture of visiting, epistolary practice and affection, which generated close and cherished family ties.     

Building an industrial society: welfare capitalism in the ‘city of factories’, Sesto San Giovanni,Italy

The article retraces the steps which marked the transformation of Sesto San Giovanni to becoming one of the principal centres of Italian industry. The premises serve to better comprehend the case of Sesto San Giovanni. Its uniqueness lies, however, in being the outcome of action by a plurality of businesses which contributed to building the ‘factory city’. From 1905, their choice of setting up their plants caused a sudden increase in the population, which was followed by an equally sharp increase in the demand for lodgings and social infrastructures. The employers were forced to invest in building, at first with the intention of rapidly housing the workers, and then to proceed with a more rational planning of specific villages for the workforce. In the decades between the wars, Sesto San Giovanni was provided with a wide range of services in the fields of health care, schooling and even leisure. These policies permitted the creation of solid, close-knit company communities, founded on the intense participation of the workforce in the functioning of production activities. The social network, however, held together principally on the basis of the recognition of mutual obligations and responsibilities, rather than on mere subordination to paternalistic domination.     

山东新泰周家庄东周墓葬出土青铜剑上胶粘剂的初步分析

在山东新泰周家庄东周时期的一墓葬中,出土了一把具有吴国兵器特征的青铜剑,在该剑的剑格内,发现了一薄层用于镶嵌固定各种形状绿松石的白色物质。为分析此物质,经傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析表明,该白色物是一种具有饱和脂肪酸酯类结构和羧酸结构的混合物,与多种天然胶粘剂的标准红外光谱进行比较,结果显示样品的红外谱图与虫胶(漆片)的匹配度最高。同时用附带有能谱仪的扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)分析了该样品,结果表明样品不含元素氮,因而可排除蛋白质胶和生漆类等含氮的天然胶粘剂。     

鸿声前房桥钱氏家族墓清理简报

1999年锡山区文管办对6座明代钱氏家族墓葬进行了抢救性清理,共出土金银首饰等随葬品100多件,墓志铭13方。此次出土的随葬金银器数量多、工艺精,在无锡地区极为少见,显示了民间工匠的高超技术和智慧。同时,该墓地前后时间跨度大,出土的墓志铭资料详实,人物关系清晰,是研究无锡地方史的重要资料。     

高陵村的调查与孙权家族陵墓辨析

孙权家族墓地因史志记载粗略,它的准确位置一直不详。通过对镇江丹阳高陵村的走访调查,和对姑娘墩、泊公庙、柏子墩等遗迹的考察分析,可以看出现存部分遗存与孙权家族陵墓有着密切关系。     

北京女性流动人口的家庭类型及其形成因素

本文通过国内外相关流动人口（移民）与性别研究和北京女性流动人口随机问卷调查,主要探讨女性流动人口在流动人口家庭中的身份和地位,并分析北京流动人口家庭类型及其形成要素。     

“Like the father's home:” perceived state of the Turkish-Sunni community in Germany

Focusing on a mosque organization, the Turkish-Islamic Union for Religious Affairs (DITIB), this paper engages with the Turkish-Sunni diaspora's complex perception of the ‘state’ in Germany. DITIB is a Sunni-Islam based mosque organization that oversees over 900 mosques across Germany. However, the Turkish-Sunni diaspora does not consider DITIB mosques as simply religious or cultural spaces but instead attributes a highly complex quasi-stateness to it. My field research between 2016 and 2018 reveals that for this community, DITIB reflects an intimate familial version of the Turkish state in Germany. While DITIB has significant connections to the state in Turkey, based on my findings I argue that these connections alone do not explain why the diaspora perceive DITIB like a state. Rather, DITIB's perceived stateness has been constructed through a historical process that brings to the fore diasporic experiences, feelings, and memories centered at the ethnoreligious spaces of mosques. Thus, this research produces new questions for, and theoretical approaches to geographies of states, extending this literature's emphasis on everyday and intimate perspectives. I build on feminist geopolitics and diaspora studies to contribute to this scholarship by analyzing the role of feelings and memories in forming perceptions of the state. I explain how spaces of perceived states become fluid, cross the borders of officially defined national territories, and exceed the classical spaces and embodiment of states. Instead, spaces like mosques come to be perceived like a state through their association with care, unity, and a home. This analysis points to the emotional and memory-based production of what is perceived as a state and how those perceptions are formed.     

Moral geographies of family: articulating,forming and transmitting moralities in everyday life

The family is often considered the foundation of moral learning in society, responsible for caring and parenting, and transmitting morals to children and young people, while a lack of moral guidance from family is associated with antisocial behaviour. Despite this deep moralizing of family life, very little is known about how morals are understood in the context of family, how family members form their moral outlooks, and how morals and difference are negotiated within everyday family practices. This paper addresses some of these burgeoning questions around the moral geographies of family. Drawing on two years of ethnographic research with six families in the UK, I consider normative assumptions about what morals mean to families, which parts of family life morals are drawn from, and how morals are transmitted by and within families. In the conclusion I outline my contributions to both established and emerging areas of geographical interest.     

An Economy of Country Houses

This paper presents an economy of country houses with the ultimate aim of generating a framework for the evolution of country house management theory for the development of management practice and education. Whereas traditional management theory (for large entities) has evolved from the modern and narrow interpretation of economy, this paper employs the old but broader archaic form (oeconomy). This is a device that has previously been used both to generate an alternative understanding of organisations in general as well as for specific types of organisation. When combined with empirical data collected from a range of different country houses, an economy of country houses has emerged. This oeconomy is based on a number of core concepts, each of which has a number of key issues associated with it. The results show that this economy is quite unique, although there are some similarities with the economy of small businesses and the conflict approach of business management theory.     

Editorial

This article gives a historical and geographical overview of the use of induced abortion from the time of its legalization in 1978 under Law 194. First, we focus from a quantitative perspective on the dramatic changes that have occurred in Italy over the past twenty years, including a 40 per cent drop in the number of abortions, and we offer some explanations for these changes. Second, we illustrate the life patterns that are most typical of abortion seekers in Italy and how they have changed over time: from the conjugal model, where the motive is to limit the size of the family, to the extra-marital model, spontaneous and unpredictable. Another emerging issue emphasized in our work is that of abortion seeking by foreign women; over the past few years this phenomenon has become more relevant and merits attention. Questo lavoro fornisce una panoramica spazio-temporale del ricorso all'aborto volontario a partire dalla sua legalizzazione, avvenuta con la legge 194 del 1978. In primo luogo si sofferma sulle forti modificazioni verificatisi in Italia nel corso del ventennio da un punto di vista quantitativo – il ricorso all'aborto si è infatti ridotto di circa il 40 per cento – e propone delle motivazioni a questo andamento. In secondo luogo pone l'accento sui modelli di abortività prevalenti in Italia e sui cambiamenti avvenuti nel corso del tempo: dal modello tipicamente coniugale, finalizzato a mantenere la dimensione familiare desiderata, a quello extra-coniugale, caratterizzato per la sua estemporaneità ed imprevedibilità. Un altro aspetto emergente che viene sottolineato nel lavoro è quello del ricorso all'aborto da parte di donne straniere; tale fenomeno sta assumendo in questi ultimi anni una grande rilevanza e merita di essere approfondito, al fine di delineare quali tipologie di donne necessitano di politiche di informazione e sostegno.