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71.
最近 ,英国剑桥大学麦克唐纳研究所出版《古代的交互作用 :欧亚大陆的东部与西部》文集 ,它集中展示了欧亚大陆的考古及东西文化交流的最新成果。 1998年以来 ,剑桥大学举办了 3次大型国际会议 ,内容涉及欧亚大陆史前学、人类学、语言和文化。本书为 2 0 0 0年“史前后期欧亚草原的开发”会议文集。由著名考古学家伦福儒教授作序 ,收入不同国家学者的文章 2 1篇 ,全面介绍了欧亚草原新石器晚期至铁器时代初的考古发现和的研究成果 ;另有部分文章涉及该区域内的植物考古学与人种学的Y染色体DNA分析 相似文献
72.
Krzysztof Grzymski 《African Archaeological Review》2004,21(1):7-30
The paper examines the regional scale research in the Middle Nile Valley within the context of historical development of archaeology of Nubia and Central Sudan. This historical overview is put in the context of archaeological theory, especially the concept of landscape archaeology. A discussion of various theoretical issues is followed by the presentation of the natural, economic, political, cultural and sacred landscapes of Nubia and Central Sudan. Past field research is presented and the emerging trends are identified.La présente communication examine la recherche à l'échelle régionale dans la vallée du Nil Moyen dans le contexte du développement historique de l'archéologie de la Nubie et du Soudan central. Ce survol historique est situé dans le contexte de l'archéologie théorique, particulièrement l'archéologie du paysage. Une discussion des problèmes théoriques est suivie d'une présentation des paysages naturel, économique, politique, culturel et sacré de la Nubie et du Soudan central. Les recherches antérieures sont aussi présentées et les nouvelles tendances sont identifiées. 相似文献
73.
Environmental archaeology methods can uncover both house lot organization and economic adaptation practices when applied systematically in conjunction with traditional archaeological research. This is the first study to employ both phytolith analysis and soil chemistry to interpret activity areas on an archaeological site. The patterning in the phytolith and soil chemistry analyses from the site of Rich Neck Plantation, Williamsburg, Virginia, reveals a set of six activity areas in and around the 17th century house lot, demonstrating a degree of economic diversification generally attributed only to 18th century colonial economic and social transformations. 相似文献
74.
Ana Maria Rocchietti 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2008,12(3):195-208
During the nineteenth century, the existence of a southern border in the Córdoba province resulted from a complex situation
where an expanding national state was inserted into a global economic system and into an environment occupied by various Indian
groups. This situation created a mixed society on the borderlands. The military line was defended by forts, with one of them
being the Achiras Fort (1832–1869). The fort was situated at the end of the mountain range of Comechingones. This paper considers
the archaeological investigation of this fort. The most important and consistent part of the archaeological record is the
Command. The Command was formed by two rooms. This work also presents the results of the excavations into the fort and describes
the archaeological remains found. Finally, a general model for archaeology in the South Córdoba Border is presented. 相似文献
75.
For over a millennium, shell trumpets have been an important part of Southwestern US ritual practice. We investigate the distribution
of Southwestern shell trumpets, arguing that they are objects that are accorded animacy and can be used to track the history
of different social networks. Using ethnohistoric and ethnographic documentation, at least two traditions of historically
linked ritual practices are identified: one associated with serpent iconography and the other with curing, warfare, and sorcery.
These two traditions represent enduring dispositions that link various regions of the Southwest through the introduction and
adoption of ritual practices associated with migration and the transformation of late prehistoric societies. 相似文献
76.
Nyree Finlay 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2008,15(1):68-90
Skill is central to the identification of the individual within lithic analysis. Modern replication tends to focus on the
proficient flintknapper, and emphasises complex, technically demanding implements and high quality raw materials. Yet, acquiring
lithic skill is a universal process that manifests itself in various ways depending on technological strategy and raw material.
This paper presents the results of a programme of experimental replication that explores notions of consistency and identity.
Based on Mesolithic blade technology, using direct percussion reduction and variable pebble resources, it compares knappers
with different experience and identifies some salient parameters of individual performance. 相似文献
77.
Emad Khalil 《Journal of Maritime Archaeology》2008,3(2):85-91
The investigation of archaeological sites of maritime nature started in Egypt more than a century ago, with the discovery
of the Dahshur boats (Haldane 1998) and the ancient harbour of Pharos (Jondet 1912); however, education in maritime and underwater archaeology in Egypt is still in its infancy. This paper will look at the
development of maritime archaeology in Egypt as a scientific discipline and the progress achieved to date in providing Egyptian
archaeologists with education and training in aspects of maritime archaeology and underwater cultural heritage. 相似文献
78.
Mark Staniforth 《Journal of Maritime Archaeology》2008,3(2):93-102
Maritime archaeology is a multi-faceted discipline that requires both theoretical learning and practical skills training.
In the past most universities have approached the teaching of maritime archaeology as a full-time on-campus activity designed
for ‘traditional’ graduate students; primarily those in their early twenties who have recently come from full-time undergraduate
study and who are able to study on-campus. The needs of mature-age and other students who work and live in different places
(or countries) and therefore cannot attend lectures on a regular basis (or at all) have largely been ignored. This paper provides
a case study in the teaching of maritime archaeology from Australia that, in addition to ‘traditional’ on-campus teaching,
includes four main components: (1) learning field methods through field schools; (2) skills training through the AIMA/NAS
avocational training program; (3) distance learning topics available through CD-ROM and using the Internet; and (4) practicums,
internships and fellowships. The author argues that programs to teach maritime archaeology in the twenty first century need
to be flexible and to address the diverse needs of students who do not fit the ‘traditional’ model. This involves collaborative
partnerships with other universities as well as government underwater cultural heritage management agencies and museums, primarily
through field schools, practicums and internships. 相似文献
79.
This paper presents the results of in situ monitoring of waterlogged burial contexts in southwest Scotland. The sites investigated are Iron Age crannogs (lake dwellings) which have a proven waterlogged archaeological component, and which are being assessed as part of a national program of study by the Scottish Wetland Archaeology Programme (SWAP) team. A monthly monitoring program commenced in July of 2004. To date, monitoring of water levels, pH, and redox potential, has been undertaken for a period of 17 months in order to encompass any seasonal variability at the sites studied. The results have proven robust in that an ‘ideal’ site for in situ preservation has been identified from the five sites investigated, and the monitoring has highlighted external variables and seasonal impacts that have the potential to influence the long-term in situ preservation at the remaining sites studied. In general, these results have expanded upon our knowledge of the potential for the preservation of existing archaeological remains within such contexts. This study represents the first stage of monitoring aimed at developing a holistic understanding of in situ conditions at the crannog sites studied in southwest Scotland. 相似文献
80.
Sarah B. McClure Lluis Molina Balaguer Joan Bernabeu Auban 《Journal of Anthropological Archaeology》2008
Rock art is one of the most salient features of Neolithic societies in eastern Spain and an explicit form of landscape history. This paper summarizes current debates of Mediterranean rock art chronology and interpretation and explores the contextual differences in two areas of Neolithic settlement with rock art: the Canyoles Valley (Valencia) and the Alcoi Basin (Alicante). Large-scale survey of the Canyoles Valley resulted in a clearer understanding of agricultural land use during the Neolithic that contrasts with evidence from the Alcoi Basin. By analyzing Neolithic rock art in its archaeological context, we discuss the significance and limitations of rock art analysis for understanding and characterizing landscape histories and the transition to agriculture in the region. 相似文献