从闽台动物化石看两岸亲缘关系

祖国大陆与台湾的历史关系可追溯到人类历史的早期阶段——旧石器时代,从对闽台鹿角化石的考古研究,发现4万年前台湾海峡已有古人类活动的遗迹,而闽南东山岛就是古代连接两岸的一个桥梁。     

江苏史前考古的发现和研究

近50年来,江苏境内发现了许多旧石器时代和新石器时代的文化遗址,对这些史前文化遗址按文化区域阐析文化性质、文化时代和年代,并提出江苏史前考古今后需要探索的问题。     

中国的"原史时代"

本文由西方对"原史时代"的界定,讨论中国原史时代的定义,以及考古学在原史时代研究的地位.由西方对原史时代的定义考察中国古史,认为中国的原史时代的时间段应定于文献所记载的夏至西周晚期,考古学上的龙山时代至西周晚期;而中国原史时代的研究工作是对以中原为中心,兼及与之有联系的各种族群、文化进行全方面的、多学科的综合性研究.     

14C年代框架与三代考古学文化分期--夏商周断代工程课题研究札记

夏商周断代工程采用系列样品进行14C年代测定,得出了夏商西周的年代框架,与考古遗址相对应,解决了三代考古学的分期.登封王城岗古城约为公元前2070年,即夏的起始年代.偃师商城始建于公元前1600年,郑州商城始建于公元前1580年,前者早于后者,偃师商城遂成为夏商分界的界标.就作为都城而言,郑州商城开始作为王都的时间比起偃师商城开始作为王都的时间要晚得更多.     

X光照相技术在文物及考古学研究中的应用

X光照相方法的无损特性,就决定了这一技术适合被用于研究物这一特殊对象。本通过具体实例介绍了X光照相技术在物及考古学研究中的应用：可以反映不同材质物的保存状况,揭示被锈蚀物覆盖的铭及纹饰,显示古代器物的工艺痕迹,有助于考古出土物线图的绘制等。     

Intimacies of global toxins: Exposure & resistance in ‘Chemical Valley’

This paper examines the geopolitics of the Aamjiwnaang First Nation's reserve, situated in a toxic petrochemical complex known as Canada's ‘Chemical Valley.’ While this reserve holds the perilous title of worst air-pollution in the country, research exploring the profound impacts that this toxic environment has on Indigenous communities remains limited and tends to resort to simplistic framings. In this paper we suggest that Michel Foucault's concept of the ‘heterotopia’ is a helpful prism through which to view Aamjiwnaang in more complex, political terms. We also suggest, however, that this prism has a limited scope when it comes to exposing intimate experiences of global toxins. Drawing on a feminist geopolitics, we seek to stretch Foucault's heterotopic approach in order to show how the reserve is intimately colonized and contaminated by Canada's chemical production. Vitally, our approach gleans insight into the everyday ways that Aamjiwnaang is governed by and also disrupts colonial configurations. Moreover, our paper illuminates how a feminist heterotopic approach can re-orient research towards a deepened understanding of Indigenous-led modes of environmental justice.     

柬埔寨吴哥古迹茶胶寺考古工作纪要

2011年以来对柬埔寨吴哥古迹茶胶寺开展了多次考古调查和发掘工作,本文主要对2013年7月底前所取得的阶段性考古成果择其要记述,期待对茶胶寺的研究和保护工作逐步走向深入。     

基于物联网技术的博物馆室内环境监测

物联网是传感器技术、无线通信技术、网络和嵌入式计算机技术交叉渗透的产物,随着物联网概念的提出,其技术得到了飞速发展,并且在社会多个领域取得了成功应用。针对当前博物馆环境监测存在的问题与难点,提出了基于物联网技术的博物馆室内环境监测系统的总体设计方案,在此基础上,分别给出了传感器节点、汇聚节点的软硬件设计方案,该设计具有低功耗、低成本、扩展灵活等优点。构建的测试平台验证了该系统良好的可行性与稳定性。     

A GIS method for assessing the zone of human-environmental impact around archaeological sites: a test case from the Late Neolithic of Wadi Ziqlâb,Jordan

Assessing the impact of prehistoric sites on their local environment is difficult to accomplish with standard archaeological methods. Simulation modeling offers a solution to this issue, but it is first necessary to delimit a site catchment, or “zone of impact”, around archaeological sites in which to carry out human–environment interaction modeling. To that end, I have developed a new method for GIS-based catchment reconstruction and distilled it into a custom module (r.catchment) for GRASS GIS, which calculates catchments of a given area based on anisotropic travel costs from a point of origin. One method of applying this new module in exploratory catchment modeling is discussed using the pastoral economy of the Late Neolithic period in Wadi Ziqlâb, Northern Jordan as a test case. A model of Late Neolithic herding economy and ecology is constructed, which combines data from archaeology, phytogeography, range science, agronomy, and ethnohistory. Four sizes of pastoral catchments are then derived using r.catchment, and the herd ecology model is used to estimate the stocking-rate (carrying capacity) of mixed goat and sheep herds for each catchment. The human populations these herd numbers could support (between 3 and 630 people in the Wadi) are then compared with human population estimates derived from household architectural analyses (between 18 and 54 people in the Wadi) to determine the most probable catchment configurations. The results indicate that the most probable zone of impact around the known Late Neolithic sites in Wadi Ziqlâb was somewhere between 9 and 20 square kilometers, delineated by 3 and 4.5 km pasture radii respectively.     

10,000 years of human predation and size changes in the owl limpet (Lottia gigantea) on San Miguel Island,California

To investigate potential human impacts on California Channel Island shellfish stocks over the past 10,000 years, we measured 1718 owl limpet shells from 19 archaeological components on San Miguel Island. Inhabiting the middle intertidal zone of Pacific Coast rocky shores, owl limpets are slow-growing mollusks that can live for 30 years and reach lengths of over 100 mm. Recent ecological studies indicate that owl limpets are highly susceptible to heavy human predation, which results in reduced mean shell sizes among Lottia populations along the coasts of Alta and Baja California. On San Miguel Island, we identified a significant trans-Holocene reduction in mean owl limpet size, beginning more than 6500 years ago and accelerating at least 4400 years ago. Fluctuations in limpet size show no clear correlation with changes in sea surface temperature and marine productivity, suggesting that increased predation by growing human populations was primarily responsible for the reduction in Lottia size over time. Our results provide further evidence that prehistoric peoples significantly influenced nearshore fisheries long before the development of the commercial and industrialized fisheries of historic times.