Balancing Costs and Benefits of Collaboration in an Ecology of Games

The growth of collaborative approaches to governance has resulted in increasingly complex policy and management landscapes, where actors are presented with ever‐increasing numbers of decision‐making venues they can participate in and actors they can collaborate with. Given that actors face constraints on their capacity to manage actor and venue relationships in such polycentric governance systems, we assume the marginal benefit of yet another relationship should begin to diminish at some level of engagement. Furthermore, we hypothesize that such capacity limitations are not static, but decrease as actors learn, develop skills, and formulate strategies for how to navigate complex polycentric systems more effectively. Drawing on the Ecology of Games framework, this article investigates two Swedish collaborative governance initiatives where a multitude of actors came together to address a range of different, but interrelated, policy issues and management tasks. The empirical findings suggest that actors’ capacities to successfully navigate polycentric governance arrangements increase as they gain experience and develop their networking skills. Our findings imply there is a need to balance increased complexity in polycentric systems with increased capacity, otherwise the overall effect of an ever‐increasing number of venues and actors could be collaborative fatigue and decreased abilities to address diverse governance challenges.     

战后日本女性文学萌生的时代土壤

战后日本女性文学伴随着日本社会体制的剧烈变化,以及民主主义思潮的冲击,女权主义的鼓噪和经济高速增长下衍生的都市化情怀的洗礼,呈现出与以往全然不同的盛况,使同时代的日本女性文学基于富饶的时代土壤,开出绚丽的花朵。     

利用X-CT和数字图像相关法对遗址反复干湿导致的劣化机制进行基础研究

此研究是以石材和土壤所构成的考古遗址为主要研究对象。在确定石材和土壤的渗透性下,通过数字体积相关法(DVC)和数字图像相关法(DIC)对干湿劣化的环境条件进行定量的评估,并提出控制这种劣化发生的环境调整方法。 为了收集基本数据,通过DIC及X射线成像技术分析从湿润到干燥的过程中丰浦硅砂的位移量实验,并在实验中,使用DIC计算样品在收缩应力下的变形分布。此外,本次实验以铁粉作为示踪剂添加至样品中,并以铁粉作为参考点计算丰浦硅砂特定范围的移动量,借此评估铁粉作为示踪剂的适用性及精确性。结果表明,通过拍摄干燥前后样品的X射线图像,并用DIC进行分析可以计算出干燥前后的变形分布。在样品中添加示踪剂也被发现有助于分析样品局部区域的移动方向及移动量。因此通过此基本数据的检验,相信将来通过X射线计算机断层扫描(X-CT)及数字体积相关法(DVC)的应用,可以用来阐明反复干湿风化的劣化机制。     

Are You in This Country? How “Local” Social Relations Can Limit the “Globalisation” of Customer Services Supply Chains

Abstract: The relocation of thousands of call centre and back office jobs from the UK to subcontractors in India in the early 2000s led to extensive speculation that the “globalisation” and “jobs flight” of service work was underway. Yet as this article illustrates some call centre customer services do not easily transfer to different local, social and cultural contexts. Call centre operations are embedded in local social relations and taken for granted skills that are difficult to reproduce outside of the locality which has produced them. Nevertheless the spatial dispersal of work can be as much a political process as it is an economic one. This article, which follows the journey of 1000 call centre jobs from the UK to India, illuminates how subcontracting service work “offshore” can facilitate a transformation of the employment relation and an escape from a difficult to discipline labour force.     

《弘历鉴古图》修复方法讨论

《弘历鉴古图》是清代宫廷画家姚文瀚创作的一幅乾隆皇帝"御容"图像。该图磨损较重,在卷藏过程中出现的霉变,导致受损部位纸质糟朽,一些重要画意脱离画心粘在背纸之上。此图因破损情况比较特殊,修复方法也因此十分复杂,本文即针对其修复情况所作的探讨。     

甘肃藏敦煌汉文文献巡礼

在纪念敦煌藏经洞发现100年之际 ,甘肃人民出版社对甘肃境内收藏的敦煌汉文文献进行普查、鉴定、整理、拍摄 ,结集出版了《甘肃藏敦煌文献》一书。本文对书中文献来源及特点 ,与混其中的疑伪品未收入此书的赝品作了述论。     

寺观壁画揭取、重装复原技术探索

揭取壁画实在是一种迫不得已的举动。为消除寺观壁画以往因分块揭取给其造成新的人为伤害,在掌握了壁画泥层的层状结构的可分性和理论计算的基础上,以四川剑阁觉苑寺和云南丽江大宝积宫两处明代壁画揭取为例,采取拆除背墙使用临时背衬悬掉壁画的方法,完全可以不分块地将整铺壁画揭取下来,从而实现了对壁画更好的保护。     

探索农村基层治理与脱贫致富结合之路

湘西自治州各族人民紧紧抓住国家西部大开发、扶贫开发、中部崛起等战略机遇,在农村积极探索基层治理与脱贫致富结合之路,把基层治理效果体现在脱贫致富成果上,实现农民富、集体富、村干富。注重加强村级领导班子建设,充分发挥村级党组织在推进农村基层治理与脱贫致富中的核心引领作用;加强党员队伍先进性建设,充分发挥党员干部在推进农村基层治理与脱贫致富中的模范带头作用;凝聚人民群众力量,充分发挥人民群众在推进农村基层治理与脱贫致富中的主体性作用。     

Phytolith taphonomy: a comparison of dry ashing and acid extraction on the breakdown of conjoined phytoliths formed in Triticum durum

Durum wheat plants grown under optimum irrigation conditions in Jordan were processed in three different ways: 1) using a dry ashing method, 2) using acid extraction and 3) using both these methods, first dry ashing and then acid extraction. The aim was to determine if the laboratory processing method employed has an impact on the number of conjoined phytoliths recovered. This is important because it has been proposed that the number of conjoined phytoliths, or multi cells, can be an indication of water availability in arid and semi-arid regions (Rosen and Weiner 1994). The results showed that the processing method does have an impact on the resulting assemblage, with dry ashing producing a greater number of multi-cells than acid extraction. It is proposed that either the more violent oxidation of organic matter during acid extraction causes the breakup of conjoined phytoliths, or that the silica dehydrates during dry ashing resulting in a slight fusion between the individual phytoliths and hence more conjoined forms.