城郊开发区建设对东道区域地方性消解的影响研究——以长沙经济技术开发区为例

我国的城郊开发区普遍缺乏地方特色,在招商引资中易陷入低水平恶性竞争的困境,急需通过增强地方性来促进开发区的持续健康发展。基于空间生产的相关理论和对长沙经济技术开发区的实地调研,本文初步探讨了城郊开发区建设对东道区域地方性消解的机理。研究表明,城郊开发区建设主要是资本主导下的空间生产过程,主要生产可复制、可交换的同质空间,因而会消解东道区域的地方性,这在调研中突出表现为当地居民对新的空间缺乏深厚的认同和依恋。为此,有必要尊重当地人的发展需求,更好保护东道区域独特的自然环境和地方文化,从而把开发区塑造成具有地方特色的"宜业宜居"空间,以增强开发区的特色竞争力和持续发展能力。     

二十世纪三四十年代云南史地研究的首次学术总结——《云南史地辑要》概说

1949年底,云南省立昆华民众教育馆出版《云南史地辑要》一书。由方国瑜、凌纯声、陈一得、张凤岐、罗常培、张席、张印堂、何塘、杨、于乃义等著名学者撰写,包括云南沿革、部族、气象、边务、语言、地质史、地形、矿产、农村、文献共十篇,基本上涵盖了云南史地研究的主要内容,时人评论其"学近专门,事不蹈虚"。由于种种原因,该书从出版之日起即陷入"湮没"无闻的境地。本文初步探讨了该书的出版及"湮没"、内容与作者,认为它是对二十世纪三四十年代云南史地研究的首次学术总结,在云南学术史上具有重要的地位。     

黄文弼与西北边疆史地研究

我国西北边疆史地的研究有着悠久的历史 ,清代中后期达到极盛 ,二十世纪初年 ,利用敦煌、楼兰等地出土的文书、木简等新材料 ,又掀起了一股西北边疆史地研究的热潮。黄文弼继承了前人的研究成果 ,并有所创新 ,他运用简牍新资料 ,结合文献记载 ,加上实地考察所得 ,对西北边疆史地中的一些问题 ,如高昌国历史、罗布泊位置、塔里木盆地南河以及东西方文化交流等作了详细考证 ,开创了西北边疆史地研究的新局面。     

Geography and geographic information science: An evolving relationship

GISystems have strong and longstanding roots in Geography, stemming from early developments in the 1960s and 1970s that defined a first phase of their relationship. But as the uses and sophistication of geospatial technology have grown and spread across virtually all areas of the academy, reducing Geography's claim to ownership, that relationship to Geography has evolved in new directions, forming a second phase. The critiques of the early 1990s have led to research into the societal context and social implications of GISystems that remains largely centred in Geography; techniques for the analysis of data embedded in space and time remain strongly associated with Geography; and rigorous principles have been discovered under the umbrella of GIScience that are widely recognized within and outside Geography. Today the relationship has entered a third phase, defined by the new opportunities that are being created by the growth of data science, by new sensors, and by new areas of application, suggesting that the relationship between Geography and GIScience will continue to evolve in interesting and exciting ways.     

Sanitized Modernity: Rural Public Health in Mid-Twentieth Century Khuzestan

Existing histories of public health in Iran often center on elite or urban narratives. This paper shifts the focus to Iran’s villages by examining the twentieth century public health history of rural northern Khuzestan. It argues that Khuzestani villagers desired, rather than resisted, modern medical services. However, vertical decision-making and the prioritization given by public health planners to economic concerns over social well-being led to the uneven distribution of services and failure to fulfill the expectations of Khuzestan’s villagers. This paper uses memoirs, official reports, correspondence, and other records from the Development & Resources Corporation, along with reports from Iran’s Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, to bring a richer picture of Iranian villagers’ twentieth century history into focus.     

The decline and shifting geography of violence in Russia’s North Caucasus, 2010-2016

Abstract

A spatial analysis of the geography of insurgency in the North Caucasus of Russia from 1999 through the end of 2016, focused on the period since 2010, corroborates other work on the incidence of violence in the region. A sharp drop in the absolute number of conflict events over the past half-decade occurred as violence diffused from Chechnya in the mid-2000s and is attributable to a range of domestic and international factors. Domestically, the decline is broadly linked to the securitization of the region around the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, the return to the use of the Kremlin power vertical as a system of political management after an interlude focused on economic development as a mitigation strategy, and the wider adoption of harsh management tactics at the regional and republic scales. Internationally, potential insurgents have left Russia to fight in the Middle East and Ukraine. Using a conflict-event data-set (N = 18,960) from August 1999 through the end of 2016 and focusing on the period since the creation of the North Caucasus Federal District in January 2010, the paper identifies a set of notable trends within the decline and shift in violence. Key findings include a percentage increase in arrests carried out by Russian security services, a decline in retaliation across conflict actors, and the failure of federal subsidies to contribute to declines in violence in the region. The long-term prospects for continued insurgency in the North Caucasus, specifically in light of the collapse of the Islamic State and Russia’s domestic challenges, remain uncertain and should acknowledge the recent decline in violence in the region.     

A queer theory of software studies: software theories,queer studies

This introduction to the themed section ‘Queering Code/Space’ poses the question: what is the spatial relationship between technology and sexuality? We outline two overarching issues concerning technology and sexuality that lie outside of yet intersect with discussions in geographical scholarship. We then detail the characteristics of two largely distinct schools of thought – software studies and queer theory – to examine the tensions of and correspondence between these separate intellectual systems. We assess what might be productively found at the intersections of software studies and queer theory in terms of their respective epistemological approaches toward the topics of technology and sexuality. We briefly outline the effects the combination of software studies and queer theory have had on geography and what more they might have to offer. We conclude by providing an overview of the articles in the themed section.     

博物馆大数据运用初探——以上海博物馆数据中心项目为例

对博物馆数字化建设来说,大数据的运用是一个无可避免的话题。为广泛发挥大数据在博物馆业务工作中的作用,从上海博物馆的数据中心项目入手,阐述了数据中心如何在加强收集和存储博物馆各项数据同时,紧紧围绕数据采用智能化的分析手段,挖掘更加有价值的信息。利用大数据对业务进行分析,加工形成有用的数据模型,进而为形成博物馆数字化运营管理体系打下了初步的基础。本研究介绍了数据挖掘技术的有效应用情况,并提出了博物馆大数据建设未来的发展思路。     

Policy versus Practice. Behind the Scenes in Dutch Development Aid, 1949–1989

The history of development aid has often been analyzed on the level of international politics and ground breaking ideas on big overriding issues. But the policies developed in the various Western capitals do not in themselves provide a full picture of foreign aid. It is important to examine the field more closely: what did actually happen ‘on the ground’ as a result of intentions and agreements on aid? Did the practice of aid projects influence aid effectiveness? The present article looks at the history of aid provided by the Netherlands, a country that for a long time liked to portray itself as occupying a guiding role in the vanguard of international development. It is based on archival study of project files, set in countries that were at the core of the Dutch aid effort. They are taken from the time span of four decades in which the aid effort was developed and flourished, before the end of the Cold War changed the scenery in 1989. The article aims to shed new light on how policy aims were translated and provides an indication as to why the desired results failed to come about.     

小区域旅游可持续发展战略初探——以荣城市为例

旅游可持续发展战略要求旅游业的发展与资源、环境相协调,旅游与自然、文化和人类生存环境成为一体。本文从旅游资源的分析入手,阐述了荣成市旅游可持续发展战略的指导思想和目标、旅游市场与旅游项目的开发;以荣城市为例提出了小区域旅游可持续发展的措施。